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Total 234 results found since Jan 2013.

Confounding by Indication in Studies of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Psychiatry Investig. 2022 Nov;19(11):873-883. doi: 10.30773/pi.2022.0209. Epub 2022 Nov 23.ABSTRACTSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are used worldwide as the first-line pharmacological treatment for depression. Although SSRI use can increase the risk of suicide, fractures, and infertility, the nature of these relationships is controversial. This review reports confounding by indication and confounding by severity for SSRI side effects in previously published observational studies. The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for English-language articles published from 2005 to 2022. SSRIs are often ...
Source: Psychiatry Investigation - November 29, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jimin Lee Sung Man Chang Source Type: research

HMGB1 in nervous system diseases: A common biomarker and potential therapeutic target
High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein associated with early inflammatory changes upon extracellular secretion expressed in various cells, including neurons and microglia. With the progress of research, neuroinflammation is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's, epilepsy, and autism. As a key promoter of neuroinflammation, HMGB1 is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, autism, depression, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, in the clinic, HMGB1 has not been de...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - October 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 7174: Repurposing SGLT2 Inhibitors for Neurological Disorders: A Focus on the Autism Spectrum Disorder
l Akour Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a substantially increasing incidence rate. It is characterized by repetitive behavior, learning difficulties, deficits in social communication, and interactions. Numerous medications, dietary supplements, and behavioral treatments have been recommended for the management of this condition, however, there is no cure yet. Recent studies have examined the therapeutic potential of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in neurodevelopmental diseases, based on their proved anti-inflammatory effects, such as downregulating the express...
Source: Molecules - October 23, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mohammed Moutaz Nakhal Salahdein Aburuz Bassem Sadek Amal Akour Tags: Review Source Type: research

Neurological Consequences of Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation
Adv Neurobiol. 2023;29:219-253. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_8.ABSTRACTThe chapter is devoted to neurological aspects of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). At the beginning, the various types of CDG with neurological presentation of symptoms are summarized. Then, the occurrence of various neurological constellation of abnormalities (for example: epilepsy, brain anomalies on neuroimaging, ataxia, stroke-like episodes, autistic features) in different CDG types are discussed followed by data on possible biomarkers and limited treatment options.PMID:36255677 | DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_8
Source: Adv Data - October 18, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Justyna Paprocka Source Type: research

Using Structural Equation Modeling to analyze handwriting of children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder
This study tests a handwriting model for children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) that displays the relationships between handwriting process and product characteristics, and the predictors of these characteristics. Structural Equation Modelling was used to test the model for children and youth with ASD (n = 50) and typically developing peers (n = 50), ages 10 to 15, for a copying and freestyle handwriting task. Findings suggest a generic handwriting model applying to both groups and both handwriting tasks. Unique effects for children and youth with ASD were identified for: (1) high interdependence of handwri...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - October 15, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nellie van den Bos Suzanne Houwen Marina Schoemaker Sara Rozenblum Source Type: research

Air pollution and headache disorders
Divyani Garg, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Mohammad Wasay, Vasundhara AggarwalAnnals of Indian Academy of Neurology 2022 25(7):35-40 Air pollution, the most prevalent form of pollution worldwide, is associated with a wide range of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative conditions, stroke, autism, depression, and developmental delay. There is accumulating evidence on the association between air pollution and headache disorders, especially migraine. Many classical and non-classical air pollutants have been associated with headache, including particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide...
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - September 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Divyani Garg Man Mohan Mehndiratta Mohammad Wasay Vasundhara Aggarwal Source Type: research

Scientists develop blueprint for turning stem cells into sensory interneurons
Key takeaways:Just like the real thing.The stem cell –derived interneurons, which play a role in sensations like touch and pain, are indistinguishable from their real-life counterparts in the body.Tomorrow ’s therapies. In addition to potential treatments for injury-related sensation loss, the discovery could lead to new methods for screening drugs for chronic pain.Moving forward. While stem cells from mice were used in the research, scientists are now working to replicate the findings with human cells.Researchers at the  Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA have develop...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 19, 2022 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Haploinsufficiency of PRRT2 Leading to Familial Hemiplegic Migraine in Chromosome 16p11.2 Deletion Syndrome
This report highlights the importance of counseling patient families regarding acute paroxysmal presentations in this syndrome. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, GermanyArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text
Source: Neuropediatrics - July 17, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Sen, Kuntal Genser, Ilyse DiFazio, Marc DiSabella, Marc Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Neuropathology of Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Forensic Setting: Novel Application of Ex Vivo Imaging in Analysis of Brain Microvasculature
We report 8 such cases (4 infants aged 7–36 weeks, 4 children aged 5–15 years). Four underwent ex vivo magnetic resonance neuroimaging, to assist in identification of subtle lesions related to vascular compromise. All infants were found unresponsive (3 in unsafe sleeping conditions); all but 1 had recent rhinitis and/or influenza-like illness (ILI) in the family; 1 had history of sickle cell disease. Ex vivo neuroimaging in 1 case revealed white matter (WM) signal hyperintensity and diffuse exaggeration of perivascular spaces, corresponding microscopically to WM mineralization. Neurohistology in the remaining 3 infants...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 24, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

How are adults with capacity-affecting conditions and associated communication difficulties included in ethically sound research? A documentary-based survey of ethical review and recruitment processes under the research provisions of the Mental Capacity Act (2005) for England and Wales
Conclusions People with capacity-affecting conditions and associated communication difficulties continue to be excluded from research, with recruitment efforts largely concentrated around participant-facing documentation. There is a need for a more nuanced approach if such individuals are to be included in ethically sound research.
Source: BMJ Open - March 31, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Bunning, K., Jimoh, O. F., Heywood, R., Killett, A., Ryan, H., Shiggins, C., Langdon, P. E. Tags: Open access, Ethics Source Type: research

Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein is a body fluid biomarker: A valuable prognostic for neurological disease - A systematic review
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Mar 4;107:108624. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108624. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAstrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the human central nervous system, and they play an important role in the regulation of neuronal physiology. In neurological disorders, astrocyte disintegration leads to the release of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) from tissue into the bloodstream. Elevated serum levels of GFAP can serve as blood biomarkers, and a useful prognostic tool to facilitate the early diagnosis of several neurological diseases ranging from stroke to neurodegenerative disorders. This syst...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - March 7, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Luana Heimfarth Fabiolla Rocha Santos Passos Brenda Souza Monteiro Adriano Antunes de Souza Ara újo Lucindo Jos é Quintans Júnior Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans Source Type: research