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Therapy: Immunotherapy

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Total 258 results found since Jan 2013.

A novel tumour suppressor lncRNA F630028O10Rik inhibits lung cancer angiogenesis by regulating miR-223-3p.
In this study, we carried out RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of tumour tissues isolated from LLC tumour-bearing mice treated with either Plasmodium yoelli (Py)-infected red blood cells or uninfected red blood cells. We found that F630028O10Rik (abbreviated as F63) is a novel lncRNA that was significantly up-regulated in tumours isolated from mice treated with Py-infected red blood cells compared to the control. By using gene silencing technique, F63 was found to inhibit both tumour Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) secretion and endothelial cells clone formation, migration, invasion and tube formation. Injection of ch...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - February 12, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Qin L, Zhong M, Adah D, Qin L, Chen X, Ma C, Fu Q, Zhu X, Li Z, Wang N, Chen Y Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Silencing of IL-6 and STAT3 by siRNA loaded hyaluronate-N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles potently reduces cancer cell progression.
Abstract The immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment is a critical problem that should be considered before the design of immunotherapies. Interleukin (IL)-6 and its related downstream molecules such as signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 play an important role in the cancer progression, which can be considered as potential therapeutic targets. In the present study, we generated the active-targeted hyaluronate (HA) recoated N, N, N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) nanoparticles (NPs) to deliver IL-6- and STAT3-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to the CD44-expressing cancer cells....
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - January 27, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Masjedi A, Ahmadi A, Atyabi F, Farhadi S, Irandoust M, Khazaei-Poul Y, Chaleshtari MG, Fathabad ME, Baghaei M, Haghnavaz N, Baradaran B, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Ghalamfarsa G, Sabz G, Hasanzadeh S, Jadidi-Niaragh F Tags: Int J Biol Macromol Source Type: research

TEX19 promotes ovarian carcinoma progression and is a potential target for epitope vaccine immunotherapy
This study aimed to reveal the role of TEX19 in ovarian cancer (OC) and searched for potential candidate epitope peptides of TEX19 to facilitate clinical application.Main methodsTEX19 levels were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 98 human ovarian tissue samples. The correlation of TEX19 levels with patients' clinicopathological features was assessed. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting analysis were utilized to detect TEX19 levels in ovarian cell lines and TEX19-deficient cells. The level of TEX19 in OVCAR-3 and A2780 was knocked down by small interfering RNA (siRNA), an...
Source: Life Sciences - December 14, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Mechanisms regulating PD-L1 expression on tumor and immune cells
ConclusionsMultiple cytokines found in an immune-reactive TME may induce PD-L1 expression on tumor and/or immune cells through distinct signaling mechanisms. Factors driving constitutive PD-L1 expression were not identified in this study. Understanding complex mechanisms underlying PD-L1 display in the TME may allow treatment approaches mitigating expression of this immunosuppressive ligand, to enhance the impact of PD-1 blockade.
Source: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer - November 14, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Blockage of immune checkpoint molecules increases T cell priming potential of dendritic cell vaccine.
In this study, we silenced the expression of PD-L1 in DCs and PD-1 in T cells by siRNA-loaded chitosan-dextran sulfate nanoparticles (NPs) and evaluated the DC phenotypic and functional characteristics and T cells functions following tumor antigen recognition on DCs, ex vivo. Our results showed that synthesized NPs had good physicochemical characteristics (size of 77.5 nm and zeta potential of 14.3) that was associated with efficient cellular uptake and target gene silencing. Moreover, PD-L1 silencing was associated with stimulatory characteristics of DCs. On the other hand, presentation of tumor antigens by PD-L1 negative...
Source: Immunology - October 5, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hassannia H, Ghasemi Chaleshtari M, Atyabi F, Nosouhian M, Masjedi A, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Namdar A, Azizi G, Mohammadi H, Ghalamfarsa G, Sabz G, Hasanzadeh S, Yousefi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F Tags: Immunology Source Type: research

siRNA therapeutics for breast cancer: recent efforts in targeting metastasis, drug resistance, and immune evasion.
Abstract Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has an established and precise mode of action to achieve protein knockdown. With the ability to target any protein, it is very attractive as a potential therapeutic for a plethora of diseases driven by the (over)expression of certain proteins. Utilizing siRNA to understand and treat cancer, a disease largely driven by genetic aberration, is thus actively investigated. However, the main hurdle for the clinical translation of siRNA therapeutics is to achieve effective delivery of siRNA molecules to tumors and the site of action, the cytosol, within cancer cells. Several nanopar...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - August 18, 2019 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Ngamcherdtrakul W, Yantasee W Tags: Transl Res Source Type: research

Overcoming multiple drug resistance in lung cancer using siRNA targeted therapy.
Abstract Among cancers, lung cancer is the most morbidity and mortality disease that is remaining the fatalist. Generally, there are multiple treatment procedures for lung cancer, such as surgery, immunotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There is, therefore, an urgent need for more specified and efficient methods for treatment of lung cancer such as RNAi, which in combination with traditional therapies could silence genes that are involved in the drug resistance. These genes may either be motivators of apoptosis inhibition, EMT and DNA repair system promoters or a member of intracellular signaling pathways, s...
Source: Gene - July 9, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Naghizadeh S, Mohammadi A, Baradaran B, Mansoori B Tags: Gene Source Type: research

An Oncogenic Role for Four-Jointed Box 1 (FJX1) in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.
Authors: Chai SJ, Ahmad Zabidi MM, Gan SP, Rajadurai P, Lim PVH, Ng CC, Yap LF, Teo SH, Lim KP, Patel V, Cheong SC Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly metastatic cancer prevalent in Southern China and Southeast Asia. The current knowledge on the molecular pathogenesis of NPC is still inadequate to improve disease management. Using gene expression microarrays, we have identified the four-jointed box 1 (FJX1) gene to be upregulated in primary NPC tissues relative to nonmalignant tissues. An orthologue of human FJX1, the four-jointed (fj) gene in Drosophila and Fjx1 in mouse, has reported to be associa...
Source: Disease Markers - June 28, 2019 Category: Laboratory Medicine Tags: Dis Markers Source Type: research

Doxorubicin and siRNA-PD-L1 co-delivery with T7 modified ROS-sensitive nanoparticles for tumor chemoimmunotherapy
In conclusion, these ROS-responsive NPs provided a promising strategy to combine siRNA-PD-L1 immunotherapy and Dox chemotherapy.Graphical abstract
Source: International Journal of Pharmaceutics - June 20, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Dihydrotestosterone increases cytotoxic activity of macrophages on prostate cancer cells via TRAIL.
Abstract Although androgen depravation therapy (ADT) and immunotherapy are potential treatment options in men with metastatic prostate cancer (CaP), androgen has conventionally been proposed to be a suppressor of the immune response. However, we herein report that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) activates macrophages. When the murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7), human monocyte (THP-1), and human peripheral blood monocytes were cultured with androgen-resistant CaP cell lines, DHT increased cytotoxicity of macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that DHT induced M1 polarization and i...
Source: Endocrinology - June 10, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lee GT, Kim JH, Kwon SJ, Stein MN, Hong JH, Nagaya N, Billakanti S, Kim MM, Kim WJ, Kim IY Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Human CAR NK Cells: A New Non-viral Method Allowing High Efficient Transfection and Strong Tumor Cell Killing
In conclusion, the method of NK cell transfection described in our present study is highly efficient, does not require expensive dedicated structures necessary for viral transduction and avoids possible risks associated with the use of viral vectors. Importantly, it may be applied to NK cells or NK-92 cell line, greatly improving their anti-tumor activity and providing a new NK cell-based platform for new protocols of adoptive immuno-therapy of cancer. Ethics Statement The Ethical Committee of IRCCS Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital approved the study (825/2014). Author Contributions TI designed and performed res...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Inhibition of SMYD2 Sensitized Cisplatin to Resistant Cells in NSCLC Through Activating p53 Pathway
In conclusion, the present study elucidated that the activity of SMYD2 in NSCLC may affect the cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, especially to CDDP. The elevated SMYD2 mediated CDDP resistance and malignant phenotype in NSCLC, indicating that SMYD2 may be a useful biomarker of CDDP resistance in NSCLC. Inhibition of SMYD2 contributes to the methylation-related activation of p53 and thus results in cell apoptosis. Furthermore, combination treatment with CDDP and an SMYD2 inhibitor had a synergistically antitumor effects in a xenograft model in vivo. Given that SMYD2 has reversible effects and is a targetable prot...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 25, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Molecular Mechanisms in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Role of miRNAs and Hypermethylated miRNA Genes in Crucial Oncogenic Pathways and Processes
Eleonora A. Braga1*†, Marina V. Fridman2†, Vitaly I. Loginov1,3, Alexey A. Dmitriev4 and Sergey G. Morozov1 1Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia 2Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 3Research Center of Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia 4Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the third most common urological cancer, and it has the highest mortality rate. The increasing drug resistance of metastatic ccRCC has resulted in the search f...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 23, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Gene Therapy Leaves a Vicious Cycle
Reena Goswami1, Gayatri Subramanian2, Liliya Silayeva1, Isabelle Newkirk1, Deborah Doctor1, Karan Chawla2, Saurabh Chattopadhyay2, Dhyan Chandra3, Nageswararao Chilukuri1 and Venkaiah Betapudi1,4* 1Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States 3Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States 4Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Clev...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 23, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Interactions With Natural Killer Cells and Pro-angiogenic Activities: Roles in Tumor Progression
Conclusions MDSC are major players in the immunosuppressive scenario in cancer, thanks to their phenotype heterogeneity and critical interaction with several innate immune cells, thus representing a crucial target in oncology. Here we reviewed the interactions of MDSCs with NK cells. The contribution of key cytokines, chemokines and mediators active in this process have been discussed. We also described the contribution of MDSC on angiogenesis directly or indirectly through interactions with NK and immunosuppressive activities. A parallel of the cancer associated to the decidual counterpart of these cells is discussed, a...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 17, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research