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Total 1499 results found since Jan 2013.

Gremlin Aggravates Hyperglycemia‐Induced Podocyte Injury by a TGFβ/Smad Dependent Signaling Pathway
In conclusion, gremlin was clearly elevated in high glucose cultured mouse podocytes, and likely employed endogenous canonical TGFβ1/Smad signaling to induce podocyte injury. Knockdown gremlin1 by siRNA may be clinically useful in the attenuation of podocyte injury. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - March 31, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Guiying Li, Ying Li, Shuxia Liu, Yonghong Shi, Yanqing Chi, Guijing Liu, Tieying Shan Tags: Article Source Type: research

Effects of High Glucose-Induced Cx43 Downregulation on Occludin and ZO-1 Expression and Tight Junction Barrier Function in Retinal Endothelial Cells Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. Our findings indicate that HG-induced downregulation of Cx43 expression and GJIC may contribute to the breakdown of endothelial barrier tight junctions associated with diabetic retinopathy.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - October 3, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Tien, T., Barrette, K. F., Chronopoulos, A., Roy, S. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Involvement of fibrinolytic regulators in adhesion of monocytes to vascular endothelial cells induced by glycated LDL and to aorta from diabetic mice.
Abstract Diabetes mellitus accelerates the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Monocyte adhesion is an early cellular event of atherogenesis. Elevated levels of glyLDL were common in diabetic patients. Our previous studies indicated that HSF1 and p22-phox (a subunit of the NOX complex) were involved in glyLDL-induced up-regulation of PAI-1 in vascular EC. The present study demonstrated that glyLDL significantly increased the adhesion of monocytes to the surface of cultured human umbilical vein or PAEC. Transfection of siRNA for PAI-1, p22-phox, or HSF1 in EC prevented glyLDL-induced monocyte ad...
Source: Journal of Leukocyte Biology - February 4, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Zhao R, Ren S, Moghadasain MH, Rempel JD, Shen GX Tags: J Leukoc Biol Source Type: research

Upregulation of Unc-51-Like Kinase 1 by Nitric Oxide Stabilizes SIRT1, Independent of Autophagy
by Junhui Xing, Hongtao Liu, Huabing Yang, Rui Chen, Yuguo Chen, Jian Xu SIRT1 is central to the lifespan and vascular health, but undergoes degradation that contributes to several medical conditions, including diabetes. How SIRT1 turnover is regulated remains unclear. However, emerging evidence suggests that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) positively regulates SIRT1 protein expression. We recently identified NO as an endogenous inhibitor of 26S proteasome functionality with a cellular reporter system. Here we extended this finding to a novel pathway that regulates SIRT1 protein breakdown. In cycloheximide (CHX)-...
Source: PLoS One - December 26, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Junhui Xing et al. Source Type: research

Mechanisms of Bradykinin-Induced Expression of Connective Tissue Growth Factor and Nephrin in Podocytes.
Abstract Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes, characterized by mesangial matrix deposition and podocytopathy including podocyte loss. The risk factors and mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of DN are still not completely defined. In the current study we aim to understand the cellular mechanisms through which activation of B2 kinin receptors contribute to the initiation and progression of DN. Stimulation of cultured rat podocytes with bradykinin (BK) resulted in a significant increase in reactive oxygen species generation (ROS) and this was associated with a signi...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - October 7, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Abou Msallem JP, Chalhoub H, Al Hariri M, Saad L, Jaffa M, Ziyadeh F, Jaffa AA Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Vitamin D and its receptor regulate lipopolysaccharide‐induced transforming growth factor‐β, angiotensinogen expression and podocytes apoptosis via the nuclear factor‐κB pathway
ConclusionsVitamin D and its receptor may be involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy by regulating transforming growth factor‐β, angiotensinogen expression and apoptosis of podocytes. The processes are mediated via the signaling of nuclear factor ‐κB pathway.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Diabetes Investigation - January 1, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lijuan Xu, Pengyuan Zhang, Hongyu Guan, Zhimin Huang, Xiaoying He, Xuesi Wan, Haipeng Xiao, Yanbing Li Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The Mitochondria-targeted Antioxidant MitoQ Ameliorated Tubular Injury Mediated by Mitophagy in Diabetic Kidney Disease via Nrf2/PINK1
Publication date: Available online 21 December 2016 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Li Xiao, Xiaoxuan Xu, Fan Zhang, Ming Wang, Yan Xu, Dan Tang, Jiahui Wang, Yan Qin, Yu Liu, Chengyuan Tang, Liyu He, Anna Greka, Zhiguang Zhou, Fuyou Liu, Dong Zeng, Lin Sun Mitochondria play a crucial role in tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). MitoQ is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that exerts protective effects in diabetic mice, but the mechanism underlying these effects is not clear. We demonstrated that mitochondrial abnormalities, such as defective mitophagy, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) overexpressi...
Source: Redox Biology - December 20, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Protein Phosphotyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in Calpain-dependent Feedback Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR2) in Endothelial Cells Molecular Bases of Disease
In conclusion, our data for the first time demonstrate a calpain/PTP1B/VEGFR2 negative feedback loop in the regulation of VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Modulation of local PTP1B and/or calpain activities may prove beneficial in the treatment of impaired wound healing in diabetes.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 12, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yixuan Zhang, Qiang Li, Ji Youn Youn, Hua Cai Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research

Suppression of Rho-kinase 1 is responsible for insulin regulation of the AMPK/SREBP-1c pathway in skeletal muscle cells exposed to palmitate
ConclusionsOur study indicated that insulin reduced lipotoxicity via ROCK1 and then improved AMPK/SREBP-1c signaling in skeletal muscle under PA-induced insulin resistance.
Source: Acta Diabetologica - March 6, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

TMEM16A exacerbates renal injury by activating P38/JNK signaling pathway to promote podocyte apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy mice.
Abstract Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as the main reason resulting in chronic renal failure. Transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) plays an important role in multiple physiological actions. Here we found that it was up-regulated in high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Moreover, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification, Western blot detection, Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that TMEM16A deficiency alleviated renal injury in diabeti...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 6, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lian H, Cheng Y, Wu X Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Endothelial deletion of mTORC1 protects against hindlimb ischemia in diabetic mice via activation of autophagy, attenuation of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation.
In conclusion, our present study demonstrates that endothelial mTORC1 deletion protects against hindlimb ischemic injury in diabetic mice possibly via activation of autophagy, attenuation of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation. Therapeutics targeting mTORC1 may therefore represents a promising strategy to rescue limb ischemia in diabetes mellitus. PMID: 28473248 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - May 1, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Fan W, Han D, Sun Z, Ma S, Gao L, Chen J, Li X, Li X, Fan M, Li C, Hu D, Wang Y, Cao F Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Tripterygium glycoside protects diabetic kidney disease mouse serum-induced podocyte injury by upregulating autophagy and downregulating β-arrestin-1.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that tripterygium glycoside provided protection against podocyte injury induced by high-glucose serum, and that this effect was mediated by the concomitant activation of autophagy and downregulation of β-arrestin-1. PMID: 30839094 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Histology and Histopathology - March 7, 2019 Category: Cytology Tags: Histol Histopathol Source Type: research

PGC1 β Regulates Breast Tumor Growth and Metastasis by SREBP1-Mediated HKDC1 Expression
Conclusions: PGC1β regulates breast cancer tumor growth and metastasis by SREBP1-mediated HKDC1 expression. This provides a novel therapeutic strategy through targeting the PGC1β/HKDC1 signaling pathway for breast cancer treatment. Introduction Breast cancer is a very common cancer with significant premature mortality in women. Around 12% of women in USA will have chance to be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetimes (1, 2). The development of breast cancer is regulated by many factors, and even as average survival rates have increased significantly as a result of many advanced treatments...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 16, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

LncRNA ANRIL knockdown ameliorates retinopathy in diabetic rats by inhibiting the NF- κB pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: LncRNA ANRIL knockdown can significantly ameliorate the retinopathy in diabetic rats by blocking the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. PMID: 31599399 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - October 12, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Leading RNA Interference Therapeutics Part 1: Silencing Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis, with a Focus on Patisiran
AbstractIn 2018, patisiran was the first-ever RNA interference (RNAi)-based drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Now pharmacology textbooks may include a new drug class that  results in the effect first described by Fire and Mello 2 decades ago: post-transcriptional gene silencing by a small-interfering RNA (siRNA). Patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (hATTR amyloidosis) present with mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene that lead to the formation of amyloid deposits in peripheral nerves and heart. The disease may also affect the eye and central nervous system. The formulatio...
Source: Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy - November 6, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research