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Condition: Diabetes

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Total 1499 results found since Jan 2013.

High glucose induces smad activation via the transcriptional coregulator p300 and contributes to cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy
Background: Despite advances in the treatment of heart failure, mortality remains high, particularly in individuals with diabetes. Activated transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) contributes to the pathogenesis of the fibrotic interstitium observed in diabetic cardiomyopathy. We hypothesized that high glucose enhances the activity of the transcriptional co-activator p300, leading to the activation of TGF-beta via acetylation of Smad2; and that by inhibiting p300, TGF-beta activity will be reduced and heart failure prevented in a clinically relevant animal model of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methods: p300 activity was as...
Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology - May 5, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Antoinette Bugyei-TwumAndrew AdvaniSuzanne AdvaniYuan ZhangKerri ThaiDarren KellyKim Connelly Source Type: research

The effect of FoxO1 on the proliferation of rat mesangial cells under high glucose conditions
Conclusions Overexpression of FoxO1 caused upregulation of p27, which promoted cell cycle arrest and inhibited hyperproliferation of MCs induced by HG. Degradation of FoxO1 caused an increase in p27 and stimulated MC proliferation. These findings unveil part of the molecular mechanism of FoxO1 regulation of MC hyperproliferation induced by HG.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - September 24, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Liu, F., Ma, X.-J., Wang, Q.-Z., Zhao, Y.-Y., Wu, L.-N., Qin, G.-J. Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research

Modulation of VEGF-Induced Retinal Vascular Permeability by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{beta}/{delta} Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. These data suggest a protective effect for PPARβ/ antagonism against VEGF-induced vascular permeability, possibly through reduced VEGFR expression. Therefore, antagonism/reverse agonism of PPARβ/ siRNA may represent a novel therapeutic methodology against retinal hyperpermeability and is worthy of future investigation.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - December 18, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Suarez, S., McCollum, G. W., Bretz, C. A., Yang, R., Capozzi, M. E., Penn, J. S. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Adiponectin Ameliorates Hyperglycemia-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Dysfunction by Concomitantly Activating Nrf2 and Brg1.
Abstract Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is implicated in the development of cardiomyopathy in diabetes that is associated with reduced adiponectin (APN) and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1). Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) assists nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) to activate HO-1 to increase myocardial antioxidant capacity in response to oxidative stress. We hypothesized that reduced adiponectin (APN) impairs HO-1 induction which contributes to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and that supplementation of APN may ameliorate diabetic cardiomyopathy by activating HO-1 through Nrf2 and Brg1 in ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - March 17, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Li H, Yao W, Irwin MG, Wang T, Wang S, Zhang L, Xia Z Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Abstract P5-04-13: Toll like receptor-9 and CD73 may act on the same pathway to induce immunosuppression in triple negative breast cancer cells
Toll like-receptor-9 (TLR9) is an innate immune system DNA-receptor which is also widely expressed in breast cancer cell lines and in clinical breast cancer specimens. Although TLR9 ligands (such as bacterial DNA and synthetic, CpG-sequence containing oligonucleotides) induce TLR9-mediated invasion in breast cancer cells in vitro, the contribution of this protein to breast cancer pathophysiology remains unclear. We showed previously that tumor TLR9 expression is a highly significant prognostic factor in breast cancer, but only in tumors that are triple negative (TNBC). Specifically, low tumor TLR9 expression in TNBC is ass...
Source: Cancer Research - April 30, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Selander, K. S., Tuomela, J. M., Mella, M., Kauppila, J., Sandholm, J., Yegutkin, G., Karihtala, P., Jukkola-Vuorinen, A., Haapasaari, K.-M., Vuopala, K. S., Harris, K. W. Tags: Poster Session Abstracts Source Type: research

Sirtuin‐6 deficiency exacerbates diabetes induced impairment of wound healing
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Experimental Dermatology - May 23, 2015 Category: Dermatology Authors: Rajarajan A Thandavarayan, Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati, Joladarashi Darukeshwara, Sahana Suresh Babu, Prince Jeyabal, Suresh K Verma, Alexander R Mackie, Mohsin Khan, Somasundaram Arumugam, Kenichi Watanabe, Raj Kishore, Prasanna Krishnamurthy Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) preserves non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐associated pathway
ConclusionGLP‐1 protected against non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease by inactivating the ER stress‐associated apoptosis pathway. In addition, the effect was possibly related to the signaling pathway of ERp46. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Hepatology Research - July 4, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Na. Ao, Jing Yang, Xiaochen Wang, Jian Du Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 preserves non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease through inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum stress‐associated pathway
ConclusionGLP‐1 protected against NAFLD by inactivating the ER stress‐associated apoptosis pathway. In addition, the effect was possibly related to the signaling pathway of ERp46.
Source: Hepatology Research - August 18, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Na Ao, Jing Yang, Xiaochen Wang, Jian Du Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The augmentation of O-GlcNAcylation reduces glyoxal-induced cell injury by attenuating oxidative stress in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells.
Abstract It has recently been reported that O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification (a simple intracellular serine (Ser)/threonine (Thr)-linked monosaccharide) in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) is related to diabetic retinopathy (DR). During O-GlcNAcylation, O-GlcNAc is added to Ser and Thr residues. As the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the characteristics of advanced glycation end product (AGE) injury, and the most important key pathogenic factor of DR, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between O-GlcNAcylation and RO...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - August 20, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Liu GD, Xu C, Feng L, Wang F Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Corin is down-regulated and exerts cardioprotective action via activating pro-atrial natriuretic peptide pathway in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Conclusions: Our results indicate that corin plays an important role in cardioprotection by activating pro-atrial natriuretic peptide pathway in DCM. Corin deficiency leads to endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling.
Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology - October 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Aiming PangYahui HuPengfei ZhouGuangfeng LongXin TianLi MenYanna ShenYunde LiuYujie Cui Source Type: research

Dihydromyricetin improves skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity by inducing autophagy via the AMPK-PGC-1α-Sirt3 signaling pathway
In conclusion, DHM improved skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity by partially inducing autophagy via activation of the AMPK-PGC-1α-Sirt3 signaling pathway.
Source: Endocrine - October 25, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Mechanisms of bradykinin-induced expression of connective tissue growth factor and nephrin in podocytes
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes and is characterized by mesangial matrix deposition and podocytopathy, including podocyte loss. The risk factors and mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of DN are still not completely defined. In the present study, we aimed to understand the cellular mechanisms through which activation of B2 kinin receptors contribute to the initiation and progression of DN. Stimulation of cultured rat podocytes with bradykinin (BK) resulted in a significant increase in ROS generation, and this was associated with a significant increase in NADPH oxidase ...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - December 1, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Msallem, J. A., Chalhoub, H., Al-Hariri, M., Saad, L., Jaffa, M. A., Ziyadeh, F. N., Jaffa, A. A. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Ampelopsin Improves Insulin Resistance by Activating PPARγ and Subsequently Up-Regulating FGF21-AMPK Signaling Pathway
by Yong Zhou, Ying Wu, Yu Qin, Lei Liu, Jing Wan, Lingyun Zou, Qianyong Zhang, Jundong Zhu, Mantian Mi Ampelopsin (APL), a major bioactive constituent of Ampelopsis grossedentata, exerts a number of biological effects. Here, we explored the anti-diabetic activity of APL and elucidate the underlying mechanism of this action. In palmitate-induced insulin resistance of L6 myotubes, APL treatment markedly up- regulated phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 and protein kinase B, along with a corresponding increase of glucose uptake capacity. APL treatment also increased expressions of fibroblast growth factor (FGF21) and...
Source: PLoS One - July 7, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yong Zhou Source Type: research

Vitamin D and its receptor regulate lipopolysaccharide ‐induced transforming growth factor‐β, angiotensinogen expression and podocytes apoptosis through the nuclear factor‐κB pathway
ConclusionsVitamin D and its receptor might be involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy by regulating transforming growth factor‐β, angiotensinogen expression and apoptosis of podocytes. The processes are mediated through the signaling of nuclear factor‐κB pathway. Vitamin D and its receptor may be involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy by regulating transforming growth factor‐β and angiotensinogen expression, and as well as the apoptosis of podocytes. The processes are mediated via the signaling of nuclear factor ‐κB pathway.
Source: Journal of Diabetes Investigation - March 31, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lijuan Xu, Pengyuan Zhang, Hongyu Guan, Zhimin Huang, Xiaoying He, Xuesi Wan, Haipeng Xiao, Yanbing Li Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition afforded by activation of LOX-1/ TGF- β1/KLF6 signaling pathway in diabetic pulmonary fibrosis
Conclusions EMT was involved in the pathological process of diabetic pulmonary fibrosis, which was activated by LOX-1/TGF-β1/KLF6 signaling pathway.
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 16, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research