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Total 187 results found since Jan 2013.

FGF21 as Modulator of Metabolism in Health and Disease
In conclusion, FGF21 belongs to a promising class of cytokines that are induced in response to stress and that can be used as a drug, drug target, or through a biomarker, depending on the physio-pathological context. All these findings will become clear when FGF21 will be used as a therapeutic molecule, exploiting the beneficial effects of FGF21 for treating metabolic disease or when it will be blocked to ameliorate disease progression and the onset of disease. Author Contributions CT and MS wrote the manuscript. VR contributed to the discussion. Funding This work was supported from the AFM-Telethon (19524), Italian Mi...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

PGC1 β Regulates Breast Tumor Growth and Metastasis by SREBP1-Mediated HKDC1 Expression
Conclusions: PGC1β regulates breast cancer tumor growth and metastasis by SREBP1-mediated HKDC1 expression. This provides a novel therapeutic strategy through targeting the PGC1β/HKDC1 signaling pathway for breast cancer treatment. Introduction Breast cancer is a very common cancer with significant premature mortality in women. Around 12% of women in USA will have chance to be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetimes (1, 2). The development of breast cancer is regulated by many factors, and even as average survival rates have increased significantly as a result of many advanced treatments...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 16, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Transport Mechanisms for the Nutritional Supplement β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) in Mammalian Cells
ConclusionHMB uptake in C2C12 and MCF7 cells is primarily H+-coupled and inhibited by lactate, but MCT1 –4 are only partly responsible for HMB uptake. SMCT1 also transports HMB, but in a Na+-coupled manner. Other, yet unidentified, transporters mediate the major portion of HMB uptake in C2C12 and MCF7 cells.
Source: Pharmaceutical Research - April 16, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Molecular characterization and expression of SiFad1 in the sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius).
In this study, we cloned the full-length sequence of the SiFad1 gene (SiFad1) and analyzed its expression profiles during different developmental stages and in different tissues of Strongylocentrotus intermedius. The full-length cDNA of SiFad1 is composed of 1086 bp, with a putative open reading frame of 885 bp encoding a polypeptide of 294 amino acid (AA) residues. The predicted molecular mass of SiFad1 is 34.67 kDa and its theoretical pI is 8.41. The presence of conserved motifs including three histidine boxes (HXXXH, HXXHH, XXXHH), a FA_desaturases domain and three transmembrane domains suggests that SiFad1 belong...
Source: Gene - April 16, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Han L, Ding J, Wang H, Zuo R, Quan Z, Fan Z, Liu Q, Chang Y Tags: Gene Source Type: research

Autophagy Is a Defense Mechanism Inhibiting Invasion and Inflammation During High-Virulent Haemophilus parasuis Infection in PK-15 Cells
In this study, we sought to investigate whether SH0165 (serovar 5, high-virulent strain) and HN0001 (serovar 6, non-virulent strain) infection induces autophagy and the specific role of autophagy in bacterial invasion and inflammation during H. parasuis infection. Moreover, we explored the mechanism underlying autophagy regulated inflammation through inflammatory signaling cascades during H. parasuis infection. This observation could provide useful information for further understanding the role of autophagy in H. parasuis infection and improve our knowledge of new strategies against this pathogen. Materials and Methods B...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Luteolin Ameliorates Testis Injury and Blood –Testis Barrier Disruption through the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and by Upregulating Cx43
ConclusionLuteolin is identified as a novel active ingredient that contributes to the protective activity in testicular damage through activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and by upregulating Cx43.
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - April 15, 2019 Category: Food Science Authors: Bo Ma, Jie Zhang, Zhiming Zhu, Ang Zhao, Yanfen Zhou, Hanjie Ying, Qi Zhang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Functions of Non-coding RNAs in rRNA Regulation
Qi Yan1, Chengming Zhu1, Shouhong Guang1,2* and Xuezhu Feng1* 1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China 2CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein machines that decode the genetic information embedded in mRNAs into polypeptides. Ribosome biogenesis is tightly coordinated and controlled from the transcription of pre-rRNAs to the assembly of ribosomes. Defects or disorders in rRNA production result in a number of human ri...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 4, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Induction of sestrin 2 is associated with fisetin-mediated apoptosis in human head and neck cancer cell lines.
In this study, the influence of fisetin on the growth and apoptosis of HNCCs were examined. In HSC3 cells, fisetin treatment reduced the viability and induced apoptosis. Through the results from the screening of the expression profile of apoptosis-related genes, sestrin 2 (SESN2) was functionally involved in fisetin-mediated apoptosis showing the knockdown of SESN2 by siRNA clearly restored fisetin-induced apoptosis. In addition, fisetin reduced the protein expression levels of phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) and Mcl-1, which are the downstream molecules of SESN2. It also induced PARP cleavage by inducing an increase in the expressi...
Source: Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition - April 3, 2019 Category: Nutrition Tags: J Clin Biochem Nutr Source Type: research

The Matrix Metalloproteinase ‐13 Inhibitor Poricoic Acid ZI Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis by Mitigating Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition
ConclusionsThe findings indicate that as a specific MMP ‐13 inhibitor, PZI attenuates EMT and renal fibrosis. Therefore, the MMP‐13 inhibitor PZI could be a novel therapeutic candidate for limiting EMT and renal fibrosis.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - March 28, 2019 Category: Food Science Authors: Lin Chen, Gang Cao, Ming Wang, Ya ‐Long Feng, Dan‐Qian Chen, Nosratola D. Vaziri, Shougang Zhuang, Ying‐Yong Zhao Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Luteolin Ameliorates Testis Injury and Blood ‐Testis Barrier Disruption through the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and by Up‐Regulating Cx43
Conclusion: Luteolin was identified as a novel active ingredient that contributed to the protective activity in testicular damage through activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and by up ‐regulating Cx43.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - March 28, 2019 Category: Food Science Authors: Bo Ma, Jie Zhang, Zhiming Zhu, Ang Zhao, Yanfen Zhou, Hanjie Ying, Qi Zhang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Vitamin C Prevents Hydrocortisone-Induced Injury in HMEC-1 through Promoting Bestrophin-3 Expression.
CONCLUSIONS: VC can efficiently attenuate HC-induced HMEC-1 cell injury, which may be related to promote Best-3 expression. PMID: 30672332 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Nutrition and Cancer - January 23, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wang X, Zhang G, Zhu C, Lin L, Zhao Z, Yu X, Liu G, Zhang H, Li Q, Dong W, Wang J Tags: Nutr Cancer Source Type: research

Regulation of the Intracellular ROS Level Is Critical for the Antiproliferative Effect of Quercetin in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line HepG2.
This study demonstrates that the antiproliferative effect of quercetin on HCC cells can be mediated by reducing intracellular ROS, which is independent of p53 expression. PMID: 30661409 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Nutrition and Cancer - January 19, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jeon JS, Kwon S, Ban K, Kwon Hong Y, Ahn C, Sung JS, Choi I Tags: Nutr Cancer Source Type: research

Increased Dynamin ‐Related Protein 1–Dependent Mitochondrial Fission Contributes to High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Cardiac Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance by Elevating Tafazzin in Mouse Hearts
ConclusionIn HF ‐diet‐fed mouse hearts, increased tafazzin contributes to insulin resistance via mediating Drp‐1 translocation to the mitochondria, and a small non‐coding RNA, miR‐125b‐5p, at least partially regulates this signaling pathway and alleviates insulin resistance.
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - January 18, 2019 Category: Food Science Authors: Wenguang Chang, Dandan Xiao, Xiang Ao, Mengyang Li, Tao Xu, Jianxun Wang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research