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Total 445 results found since Jan 2013.

Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Instigates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Endothelial Dysfunction
Conclusion: The formation and activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes by TMAO may be an important initiating mechanism to turn on the endothelial inflammatory response leading to endothelial dysfunction.Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:152 –162
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - November 7, 2017 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Trimethylamine N-oxide promotes atherosclerosis via CD36-dependent MAPK/JNK pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: TMAO promotes the atherosclerosis in vivo and in vitro.CD36/MAPK/JNK pathway may play a crucial role in TMAO-induced formation of foam cells. PMID: 29136772 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - November 7, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Geng J, Yang C, Wang B, Zhang X, Hu T, Gu Y, Li J Tags: Biomed Pharmacother Source Type: research

Stable Oxidative Cytosine Modifications Accumulate in Cardiac Mesenchymal Cells from Type2 Diabetes Patients: Rescue by Alpha-Ketoglutarate and TET-TDG Functional Reactivation.
Conclusions: Restoring the epi-metabolic control of DNA demethylation cycle promises beneficial effects on cells compromised by environmental metabolic changes. PMID: 29158345 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - November 20, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Spallotta F, Cencioni C, Atlante S, Garella D, Cocco M, Mori M, Mastrocola R, Künne C, Günther S, Nanni S, Azzimato V, Zukunft S, Kornberger A, Sueruen D, Schnutgen F, von Melchner H, Di Stilo A, Aragno M, Braspenning M, Van Criekinge W, De Blasio MJ, R Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Ipragliflozin improves mitochondrial abnormalities in renal tubules induced by a high ‐fat diet
ConclusionSGLT2 inhibition may act directly on tubular cells and protect kidney tubular cells from mitochondrial damage by metabolic insults regardless of blood glucose levels or improvement in body weight reduction.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Diabetes Investigation - January 20, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Susumu Takagi, Jinpeng Li, Yuta Takagaki, Munehiro Kitada, Kyoko Nitta, Toshiyuki Takasu, Keizo Kanasaki, Daisuke Koya Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Targeted Deletion of Adipocyte Abca1 (ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1) Impairs Diet-Induced Obesity.
CONCLUSIONS: Adipocyte Abca1 is a key regulator of adipocyte lipogenesis and lipid accretion, likely because of increased adipose tissue membrane cholesterol, resulting in decreased activation of lipogenic transcription factors PPARγ and SREBP1. PMID: 29348118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - January 18, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Cuffe H, Liu M, Key CC, Boudyguina E, Sawyer JK, Weckerle A, Bashore A, Fried SK, Chung S, Parks JS Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research

Apolipoprotein A-IV enhances cholecystokinnin secretion
Publication date: 1 May 2018 Source:Physiology & Behavior, Volume 188 Author(s): Jesse Zhan, Jonathan Weng, Brian G. Hunt, W. Sean Davidson, Min Liu, Chunmin C. Lo Cholecystokinin (CCK) and apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV) are gastrointestinal peptides that play an important role in controlling energy homeostasis. Lymphatic ApoA-IV and plasma CCK secretion are mediated via a chylomicron formation-dependent pathway during a dietary lipid infusion. Given their similar roles as satiating proteins, the present study examines how the two peptides interact in their function. Specifically, this study sought to understand ho...
Source: Physiology and Behavior - February 3, 2018 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

High-fat-diet induces airway hyperresponsiveness partly through activating CD38 signaling pathway.
This study aimed to detect the effect of CD38 signaling pathway on the AHR of overweight/obese mice. The HFD-fed mice exhibited a significantly higher baseline airway resistance (Rn), and the increasing rates of Rn responded to increasing doses of methacholine compared with the LFD-fed mice. High-fat-diet increased CD38 expressions both in lung tissues and primary cultured ASMCs. Besides, preincubation with TNF-α led to a higher expression of CD38 protein and increased intracellular calcium in ASMC of the HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, CD38 gene knockdown through transfection of CD38 siRNA decreased the concentration of intra...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - February 1, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Chong L, Zhang W, Yu G, Zhang H, Zhu L, Li H, Shao Y, Li C Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

A Novel Adipokine, FAM19A5, Inhibits Postinjury Neointima Formation through Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2.
Conclusions -We revealed that a novel adipokine, FAM19A5, was capable of inhibiting postinjury neointima formation via S1PR2-G12/13-RhoA signaling. Downregulation of FAM19A5 during obesity may trigger cardiometabolic diseases. PMID: 29453251 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - February 16, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang Y, Chen D, Zhang Y, Wang P, Zheng C, Zhang S, Yu B, Zhang L, Zhao G, Ma B, Cai Z, Xie N, Huang S, Liu Z, Mo X, Guan Y, Wang X, Fu Y, Ma D, Wang Y, Kong W Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Role of cannabinoid receptor type 1 in rostral ventrolateral medulla in high-fat diet-induced hypertension in rats
Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggested that enhanced CB1 receptor-mediated neurotransmissions in the RVLM may play a role in the development of obesity-induced hypertension.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - March 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Obesity Source Type: research

PINK1-Parkin alleviates metabolic stress induced by obesity in adipose tissue and in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.
In this study, we created a high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model and examined the expression of PINK1 and Parkin in adipose tissue using western blot and real-time quantitative PCR. After we confirmed that there is an interesting difference between regular-chow-fed mice and HFD-induced obese mice in the expression of PINK1 and Parkin in vivo, we further tested the expression of PINK1 and Parkin in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in vitro by treating cells with palmitic acid (PA) to induce metabolic stress. To better understand the role of PINK1 and Parkin in metabolic stress, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were transfected with small ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - February 28, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Cui C, Qiao J, Qing L, Wang L, He T, Wang C, Liu F, Gong L, Chen L, Hou X Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Activation of Nrf2 Pathway Contributes to Neuroprotection by the Dietary Flavonoid Tiliroside
This study was aimed at investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity by tiliroside. The effects of tiliroside on Nrf2 and SIRT1 activities in BV2 microglia and HT22 hippocampal neurons were investigated using immunoblotting and DNA binding assays. The roles of Nrf2 and SIRT1 in the anti-inflammatory activity of tiliroside were further investigated using RNA interference experiments. HT22 neuronal viability was determined by XTT, calcium influx, DNA fragmentation assays. The effect of tiliroside on MAP2 protein expression in HT22 neurons was investigated using west...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 5, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Scutellaria baicalensis regulates FFA metabolism to ameliorate NAFLD through the AMPK-mediated SREBP signaling pathway
This study aimed to explore the effects and mechanisms ofS. baicalensis and its major constituent baicalin on hepatic lipotoxicity. KK-Ay mice and orotic acid (OA)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats were used to evaluate lipid metabolism regulatory effects. Sodium oleate-induced triglyceride-accumulated HepG2 cells were used for the mechanism study, pretreated with or without compound C or STO-609 or transfected with liver kinase B1 (LKB1) siRNA. In KK-Ay mice,S. baicalensis extract showed a decreased effect on serum and hepatic triglycerides, total cholesterols, and free fatty acid (FFA) levels after 8 ...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - March 14, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

L-Cysteine in vitro can restore cellular glutathione and inhibits the expression of cell adhesion molecules in G6PD-deficient monocytes.
Abstract L-Cysteine is a precursor of glutathione (GSH), a potent physiological antioxidant. Excess glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in African Americans and low levels of L-cysteine diet in Hispanics can contributes to GSH deficiency and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and monocyte adhesion was considered to be an initial event in the progression of vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. However, no previous study has investigated the contribution of GSH/G6PD deficiency to the expression of monocyte adhesion molecules. Using human U937 monocytes, this study examined the effect of GSH/G6PD...
Source: Amino Acids - April 6, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Parsanathan R, Jain SK Tags: Amino Acids Source Type: research

High circulatory leptin mediated NOX-2-peroxynitrite-miR21 axis activate mesangial cells and promotes renal inflammatory pathology in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 17 Author(s): Firas Alhasson, Ratanesh Kumar Seth, Sutapa Sarkar, Diana A. Kimono, Muayad S. Albadrani, Diptadip Dattaroy, Varun Chandrashekaran, Geoffrey I. Scott, Samir Raychoudhury, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti, Anna Mae Diehl, Saurabh Chatterjee High circulatory insulin and leptin followed by underlying inflammation are often ascribed to the ectopic manifestations in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but the exact molecular pathways remain unclear. We have shown previously that CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress and circulating leptin in NAFLD is a...
Source: Redox Biology - April 14, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Daidzein-rich isoflavone aglycones inhibit cell growth and inflammation in endometriosis
In conclusion, DRIAs inhibit cellular proliferation in endometriosis, thus representing a potential therapeutic option for the management of endometriosis.
Source: The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - April 18, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research