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Condition: Brain Tumor

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Total 810 results found since Jan 2013.

Penfluridol suppresses glioblastoma tumor growth by Akt-mediated inhibition of GLI1.
Authors: Ranjan A, Srivastava SK Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common brain tumor with poor survival rate. Our results show that penfluridol, an antipsychotic drug significantly reduced the survival of ten adult and pediatric glioblastoma cell lines with IC50 ranging 2-5 μM after 72 hours of treatment and induced apoptosis. Penfluridol treatment suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 and reduced the expression of GLI1, OCT4, Nanog and Sox2 in several glioblastoma cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibiting Akt with LY294002 and siRNA, or inhibiting GLI1 using GANT61, cyclopamine, ...
Source: Oncotarget - April 6, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Silencing of DNA repair sensitizes pediatric brain tumor cells to ɣ-irradiation using gold nanoparticles
We present a nanoparticle (NP)-mediated delivery vehicle that effectively carries and protects siRNA in pediatric ependymoma (EP) and medulloblastoma (MB) cells. The delivery vehicle consists of gold NPs coated with a polymeric shell comprising polyethylene glycol (PG), chitosan and polyethyleneimine (Au-CP-PEI). NPs loaded with siRNA knocked down Ape1 expression by over 75% in both MB and EP cells. Further, this reduction in Ape1 expression is associated with an increase in DNA damage after irradiation. The results indicate that NP-associated delivery of siApe1 is a feasible approach to circumventing pediatric brain tumor...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - April 28, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 is overexpressed in glioma and promotes glioma cell proliferation.
Authors: Xu LQ, Tan SB, Huang S, Ding HY, Li WG, Zhang Y, Li SQ, Wang T Abstract The expression and potential biological functions of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) in human glioma are tested in this study. We show that protein and mRNA expression of GRK6 in human glioma tissues was significantly higher than that in the normal brain tissues. Further immunohistochemistry assay analyzing total 118 human glioma tissues showed that GRK6 over-expression was correlated with glioma pathologic grade and patients' Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score. At the molecular level, in the GRK6-low H4 glioma cells, ...
Source: Oncotarget - May 10, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Silencing of DNA repair sensitizes pediatric brain tumor cells to γ-irradiation using gold nanoparticles
We present a nanoparticle (NP)-mediated delivery vehicle that effectively carries and protects siRNA in pediatric ependymoma (EP) and medulloblastoma (MB) cells. The delivery vehicle consists of gold NPs coated with a polymeric shell comprising polyethylene glycol (PG), chitosan and polyethyleneimine (Au-CP-PEI). NPs loaded with siRNA knocked down Ape1 expression by over 75% in both MB and EP cells. Further, this reduction in Ape1 expression is associated with an increase in DNA damage after irradiation. The results indicate that NP-associated delivery of siApe1 is a feasible approach to circumventing pediatric brain tumor...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - May 11, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Epithelial growth factor receptor expression influences 5-ALA induced glioblastoma fluorescence
AbstractThe extent of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) guided tumor resection has a determining impact in high-grade glioma and glioblastoma surgery. Yet the intensity of the 5-ALA induced fluorescence may vary within the tumor. We aimed to correlate 5-ALA induced fluorescence with the expression of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its constitutively active version EGFRvIII in different glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines. To elucidate the role of EGFR in the metabolism of 5-ALA in GBM cell lines with variable EGFR expression status, we analyzed the activation of EGFR by its primary ligand EGF, and its downstream effect...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - May 12, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

miR-130b regulates the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of glioma cells via targeting of CYLD.
Authors: Xiao ZQ, Yin TK, Li YX, Zhang JH, Gu JJ Abstract MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that play important roles in gliomas. However, the role of miR-130b in glioma remains unclear. In the present study, miR-130b expression was upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the upregulation of miR-130b expression correlated with poor prognoses in glioma patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that this upregulation and a high-grade classification were independent factors that both predicted poor outcomes for glioma patients. Dual-luciferase assays identified that the ...
Source: Oncology Reports - May 25, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Is neuroglial antigen 2 a potential contributor to cilengitide response in glioblastoma ?
Conclusion: It may be proposed that the combination therapy of NG2 suppression and cilengitide treatment showed no considerable effect on glioblastoma compared to cilengitide therapy alone. Response to therapy may be further improved by targeting other factors act in concert in this signaling pathway.
Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics - June 23, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hatice Sevim Nalkiran Kerrie Leanne McDonald Source Type: research

Migfilin promotes migration and invasion in glioma by driving EGFR and MMP-2 signalings: A positive feedback loop regulation
In this study, we found that Migfilin promoted matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, and restrained tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2) expression, which is an MMP-2 inhibitor. Functional and structural studies showed that the LIM1 domain of Migfilin was required for Migfilin-mediated TIMP2 expression and MMP-2 activity, and was also necessary in promoting cell motility. Furthermore, Migfilin-induced EGFR phosphorylation was greatly reduced by MMP-2 inhibitor (GM6001) or siRNA, while Migfilin-induced MMP-2 activation was also blocked by the EGFR inhibitor (AG1478) or siRNA. MMP-2 and EGFR inhibitors and ...
Source: Journal of Genetics and Genomics - October 25, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Knockdown of HIF-1 α inhibits the proliferation and migration of outer root sheath cells exposed to hypoxia in vitro: An involvement of Shh pathway
This study is performed to investigate whether hypoxia-induced elevation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, a transcriptional activator, contributes to the outgrowth of ORS cells in vitro. Main methods Hair follicles with intact ORS collected from 4-month old male American minks were cultured in normoxic or hypoxic condition (3% oxygen) for 7days. Primary ORS cells isolated from the mink hair follicles were exposed to hypoxia for 12, 24 or 48h, and their proliferation was analyzed with immunofluorescence assay using anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibody. The migratory ability of ORS cells was detected...
Source: Life Sciences - November 27, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Downregulation of 14-3-3 β inhibits proliferation and migration in osteosarcoma cells.
Downregulation of 14-3-3β inhibits proliferation and migration in osteosarcoma cells. Mol Med Rep. 2017 Nov 22;: Authors: Wu Q, Zhu J, Liu F, Liu J, Li M Abstract The 14-3-3 protein isoform β (14‑3‑3β), which is an intracellular adaptor protein that exists in all eukaryotic organisms, is highly expressed in many cancer tissues, including glioma, lung carcinoma and breast cancer. However, 14‑3‑3β expression and function in osteosarcoma progression remain unknown. In the present study, the endogenous expression of 14‑3‑3β was assessed in osteosarcoma samples and the effect of 14‑3‑3Î...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - December 6, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Silencing the autophagy-specific gene Beclin-1 contributes to attenuated hypoxia-induced vasculogenic mimicry formation in glioma.
CONCLUSION: Silencing Beclin-1 can attenuate hypoxia-induced VM formation and the metastatic ability of U87MG cells and is a potential target for VM inhibition in glioma. PMID: 29278874 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cancer Biomarkers : Section A of Disease Markers - December 15, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Duan S Tags: Cancer Biomark Source Type: research

KLF16 suppresses human glioma cell proliferation and tumourigenicity by targeting TFAM.
CONCLUSIONS: KLF16 is a key regulator of glioma cell proliferation by directly targeting TFAM. PMID: 29374989 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine and Biotechnology - January 31, 2018 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol Source Type: research

Forkhead box C2 promotes the invasion ability of human trophoblast cells through Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway.
Abstract Embryonic development depends on the normal invasion of trophoblast cells. Forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) is a member of Forkhead box family, which is involved in the tumor cells invasion. The aim of this study was to explore the roles of FOXC2 on the invasion of human trophoblast cells, and further study its molecular mechanism. The mRNA and protein levels of FOXC2 in human normal trophoblast and choriocarcinoma cell lines were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot assays, respectively. Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazo lium bromide (MTT) and transwell assays were separately performed ...
Source: Cell Biology International - February 21, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang Y, Zhang Y Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

A HIF-independent, CD133-mediated mechanism of cisplatin resistance in glioblastoma cells
ConclusionsFrom our data we conclude that the mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced CD133-mediated cisplatin resistance may be instrumental for the design of new GBM treatment strategies.
Source: Cellular Oncology - February 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

MicroRNA-499a decelerates glioma cell proliferation while accelerating apoptosis through the suppression of Notch1 and the MAPK signaling pathway.
Abstract As the most common and lethal of intracranial tumors, glioma accounts for 81% of all malignant brain tumors. Research data has identified the role of microRNAs (miRs) as functional suppressers in the progression of Glioma. The present study aimed to, ascertain as to whether microRNA-499a (miR-499a) influences cell proliferation and apoptosis through the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting Notch1 in glioma. Both glioma and adjacent tissues between 2012~2016, were obtained from People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital). The collected glioma cells were treated with miR-44...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - June 14, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Wang BQ, Yang B, Yang HC, Wang JY, Hu S, Gao YS, Bu XY Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research