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Condition: Liver Disease

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Total 328 results found since Jan 2013.

4-Methylcoumarin-5,6-g-hesperetin attenuates inflammatory responses in alcoholic hepatitis through PPAR- γ activation.
In this study, we detected the anti-inflammatory activity of 4-MCH in EtOH fed mice and examined the potential molecular mechanism of this activity. We found that 4-MCH suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in primary liver macrophages isolated from mice and in EtOH-treated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, we showed that the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) was down-regulated in vivo and in vitro in AH. Furthermore, 4-MCH acted as an activator of PPAR-γ, which could therefore ameliorate the inhibitory effects of ...
Source: Toxicology - April 1, 2019 Category: Toxicology Authors: Meng HW, You HM, Yang Y, Zhang YL, Meng XM, Ma TT, Huang C, Li J Tags: Toxicology Source Type: research

NF κB and Kidney Injury
Conclusion As a critical regulator of inflammation and cell survival, the NFκB pathway is a promising target for diagnosing and treating kidney diseases. For modulation of the NFκB pathway in the clinic, a number of molecules can effectively inhibit NFκB signaling by targeting the receptors, associated adaptors, IKKs, IκBs and transcriptional regulators (144). There is further clinical evidence on small-molecule inhibitors of IKKα and NIK from recent trials on anti-cancer therapies (145). These clinical trials showed that the cancer-selective pharmacodynamic response of DTP3, the co...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

FGF21 as Modulator of Metabolism in Health and Disease
In conclusion, FGF21 belongs to a promising class of cytokines that are induced in response to stress and that can be used as a drug, drug target, or through a biomarker, depending on the physio-pathological context. All these findings will become clear when FGF21 will be used as a therapeutic molecule, exploiting the beneficial effects of FGF21 for treating metabolic disease or when it will be blocked to ameliorate disease progression and the onset of disease. Author Contributions CT and MS wrote the manuscript. VR contributed to the discussion. Funding This work was supported from the AFM-Telethon (19524), Italian Mi...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

CYP3A suppression during diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independent of PXR regulation
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2019Source: Chemico-Biological InteractionsAuthor(s): Hang Zeng, Yiming Lin, Jiande Gong, Sisi Lin, Jianguo Gao, Chunxiao Li, Zemin Feng, Hong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Youming Li, Chaohui YuAbstractCytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activity is inhibited, and its expression is suppressed during many diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanism is controversial. Here, we report that PXR may not take part in the downregulation of CYP3A during NAFLD. Hepatic CYP3A11 (major subtype of mouse CYP3A) mRNA and protein expression was significantly decreased in both ...
Source: Chemico Biological Interactions - May 25, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

CYP3A suppression during diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independent of PXR regulation.
Abstract Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activity is inhibited, and its expression is suppressed during many diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanism is controversial. Here, we report that PXR may not take part in the downregulation of CYP3A during NAFLD. Hepatic CYP3A11 (major subtype of mouse CYP3A) mRNA and protein expression was significantly decreased in both mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and palmitate (PA)-treated mouse primary hepatocytes. Similarly, in HepG2 cells, PA treatment significantly suppressed the CYP3A4 (major subtype of human CYP3A) mRNA level ...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - July 23, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zeng H, Lin Y, Gong J, Lin S, Gao J, Li C, Feng Z, Zhang H, Zhang J, Li Y, Yu C Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: research

Hypoxia exacerbates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via HIF-2 α/PPARα pathway.
This study aimed to investigate whether hypoxia can affect non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression and the associated mechanisms, specifically regarding the HIF-2α / PPARα pathway in vitro and vivo. Recent studies have reported that, compared with HIF-1α, HIF-2α has different effects on lipid metabolism. We propose hypoxia may exacerbate NAFLD by the HIF-2α upregulation-induced suppression of PPARα in the liver. To verify this hypothesis, a steatotic human hepatocyte (L02) cell line treated with free fatty acids and a mouse model of NAFLD fed a high-fat diet were used. Steatotic hepatocytes were treated...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - August 19, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Chen J, Chen J, Fu H, Li Y, Wang L, Luo S, Lu H Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

M3 Muscarinic receptor activation reduces hepatocyte lipid accumulation via CaMKK β/AMPK pathway.
In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates that M3R has protective effects against hepatocyte lipid accumulation by activating AMPK pathway and is a potential therapeutic target for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. PMID: 31445019 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - August 20, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jadeja RN, Chu X, Wood C, Bartoli M, Khurana S Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

Transplantation of human adipose tissue derived-SVF enhance liver function through high anti-inflammatory property
Publication date: Available online 12 September 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of LipidsAuthor(s): Ja Sung Choi, Dong-Sik Chae, Hyun Aae Ryu, Sung-Whan KimAbstractAlthough human adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has been considered a promising source of stem cells, its characteristics relevant to treatment of a damaged liver have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we sought to characterize the property of human SVF and determine the therapeutic utility of SVF in the liver cirrhosis model. We performed microarray, quantitative (q)-PCR experimen...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids - September 12, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Circulating ectodysplasin A is a potential biomarker for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
ConclusionsEDA aggravates steatosis by striking balance between lipid deposition and elimination. It was a potential biomarker of NAFLD.
Source: Clinica Chimica Acta - September 15, 2019 Category: Laboratory Medicine Source Type: research

Circulating ectodysplasin A is a potential biomarker for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
CONCLUSIONS: EDA aggravates steatosis by striking balance between lipid deposition and elimination. It was a potential biomarker of NAFLD. PMID: 31526774 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - September 13, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yang J, Zhou W, Zhu J, Wu Y, Xu L, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Yang Y Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Allyl isothiocyanate ameliorates lipid accumulation and inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via the Sirt1/AMPK and NF- κB signaling pathways.
CONCLUSION: AITC significantly ameliorates hepatic steatosis and inflammation by activating the Sirt1/AMPK pathway and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Therefore, AITC is a potential therapeutic agent for NAFLD. PMID: 31558861 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - September 13, 2019 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Li CX, Gao JG, Wan XY, Chen Y, Xu CF, Feng ZM, Zeng H, Lin YM, Ma H, Xu P, Yu CH, Li YM Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Liraglutide ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis activation via mitophagy.
Abstract Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a key step in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which causes serious health problems worldwide. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing receptor-containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and pyroptosis play crucial roles in the progression of NASH. Our team has provided clinical evidence of the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on the improvement in liver function and histological resolution of NAFLD. Preliminary work has demonstrated that GLP-1 inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - October 4, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yu X, Hao M, Liu Y, Ma X, Lin W, Xu Q, Zhou H, Shao N, Kuang H Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

SanWeiGanJiang San relieves liver injury via Nrf2/Bach1
Conclusions6-Gingerol is one of the blood components of SWGJS. SWGJS can regulate antioxidant enzymes, protect against liver damage in different stages, and slow the progression of liver cell damage and liver disease by increasing Nrf2 and reducing Bach1 in the nucleus, dynamically regulating Nrf2/Bach1.Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - December 2, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

PNPLA3 I148M mediates the regulatory effect of NF-kB on inflammation in PA-treated HepG2 cells.
This study aimed to elucidate whether PNPLA3 I148M is involved in NF-kB-related inflammation regulation in NAFLD. HepG2 cells homozygous for the PNPLA3 I148M mutation were used. The human PNPLA3 promoter sequence was screened for NF-kB binding sites using the MATCH and PATCH tools. NF-kB-mediated transcriptional regulation of the PNPLA3 gene was assessed by luciferase reporter assay, EMSA and ChIP-qPCR. Wild-type (I148I) and mutant (M148M) PNPLA3 were overexpressed using stable lentivirus-mediated transfection. The pCMV vector and siRNA were transiently transfected into cells to direct NF-kB overexpression and PNPLA3 silen...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - December 2, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yuan S, Liu H, Yuan D, Xu J, Chen Y, Xu X, Xu F, Liang H Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Picroside II protects against cholestatic liver injury possibly through activation of farnesoid X receptor
ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that picroside II exerts protective effect on ANIT-induced cholestasis possibly through FXR activation that regulates the transporters and enzymes involved in bile acid homeostasis. Picroside II might be an effective approach for the prevention and treatment of cholestatic liver diseases.Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - December 18, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research