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Condition: Liver Disease

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Total 328 results found since Jan 2013.

ASPP2 attenuates triglycerides to protect against hepatocyte injury by reducing autophagy in a cell and mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
In conclusion, ASPP2 may participate in the lipid metabolism of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and attenuate liver failure. PMID: 25256142 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: J Cell Mol Med - September 25, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xie F, Jia L, Lin M, Shi Y, Yin J, Liu Y, Chen D, Meng Q Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Osteopontin is an important mediator of alcoholic liver disease via hepatic stellate cell activation.
CONCLUSION: OPN is a key mediator of the alcohol-induced effects on hepatic stellate cell functions and liver fibrogenesis. PMID: 25278703 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - September 28, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Seth D, Duly A, Kuo PC, McCaughan GW, Haber PS Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Intestinal CYP2E1: A mediator of alcohol-induced gut leakiness
Publication date: 2014 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 3 Author(s): Christopher B. Forsyth , Robin M. Voigt , Ali. Keshavarzian Chronic alcohol use can result in many pathological effects including alcoholic liver disease (ALD). While alcohol is necessary for the development of ALD, only 20–30% of alcoholics develop alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) with progressive liver disease leading to cirrhosis and liver failure (ALD). This suggests that while chronic alcohol consumption is necessary it is not sufficient to induce clinically relevant liver damage in the absence of a secondary risk factor. Studies in rodent models and ...
Source: Redox Biology - December 14, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Role of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 in formation of polyunsaturated lipid species in hepatic stellate cells.
We report that acyl CoA synthetase (ACSL) type 4, which has a preference for PUFAs, is the only upregulated ACSL family member in activated HSCs. Inhibition of the activity of ACSL4 by siRNA-mediated knockdown or addition of rosiglitazone specifically inhibited the incorporation of deuterated arachidonic acid (AA-d8) into TAG in HSCs. In agreement with this, ACSL4 was found to be partially localized around lipid droplets (LDs) in HSCs. Inhibition of ACSL4 also prevented the large increase in PUFA-TAGs in HSCs upon activation and to a lesser extent the increase of arachidonate-containing phosphatidylcholine species. Inhibit...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - December 9, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Tuohetahuntila M, Spee B, Kruitwagen HS, Wubbolts R, Brouwers JF, van de Lest CH, Molenaar MR, Houweling M, Helms JB, Vaandrager AB Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Emerging roles of interferon-stimulated genes in the innate immune response to hepatitis C virus infection.
Abstract Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major viral cause of chronic liver disease, frequently progresses to steatosis and cirrhosis, which can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV infection strongly induces host responses, such as the activation of the unfolded protein response, autophagy and the innate immune response. Upon HCV infection, the host induces the interferon (IFN)-mediated frontline defense to limit virus replication. Conversely, HCV employs diverse strategies to escape host innate immune surveillance. Type I IFN elicits its antiviral actions by inducing a wide array of IFN-stimulated gen...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - December 29, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wong M, Chen SS Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: research

Role of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 in formation of polyunsaturated lipid species in hepatic stellate cells
We report that acyl CoA synthetase (ACSL) type 4, which has a preference for PUFAs, is the only upregulated ACSL family member in activated HSCs. Inhibition of the activity of ACSL4 by siRNA-mediated knockdown or addition of rosiglitazone specifically inhibited the incorporation of deuterated arachidonic acid (AA-d8) into TAG in HSCs. In agreement with this, ACSL4 was found to be partially localized around lipid droplets (LDs) in HSCs. Inhibition of ACSL4 also prevented the large increase in PUFA-TAGs in HSCs upon activation and to a lesser extent the increase of arachidonate-containing phosphatidylcholine species. Inhibit...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids - January 23, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Increased duodenal iron absorption through upregulation of DMT1 due to enhancement of IRP1 activity in patients with NASH
Conclusion: In spite of elevation of serum hepcidin, iron absorption from the gastrointestinal tract increased through upregulation of DMT1, via IRP1 activation by humoral factor(s) in the sera of patients with NASH. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Hepatology - March 7, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Toshifumi Hoki, Koji Miyanishi, Shingo Tanaka, Kohichi Takada, Yutaka Kawano, Akira Sakurada, Masanori Sato, Tomohiro Kubo, Tsutomu Sato, Yasushi Sato, Rishu Takimoto, Masayoshi Kobune, Junji Kato Tags: Steatohepatitis and Metabolic Liver Disease Source Type: research

Krüppel-like factor 4 is a transcriptional regulator of M1/M2 macrophage polarization in alcoholic liver disease.
Abstract Macrophages play an important role in inflammation and liver injury. In ALD, activated macrophages, including M1 (proinflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages, are present in the liver. As KLF4 has been described as a regulator of macrophage polarization, we investigated its role in ALD. Chronic alcohol feeding in C57Bl/6 mice led to increased expression of M1 (TNF-α, MCP1, and IL-1β) and M2 (Arg1, Mrc1, and IL-10) genes and the frequency of CD206(+)CD163(+) M2 macrophages in the liver. KLF4 mRNA and protein levels were increased in the livers of EtFed compared with PF mice. In macrophages, i...
Source: Journal of Leukocyte Biology - March 4, 2015 Category: Hematology Authors: Saha B, Bala S, Hosseini N, Kodys K, Szabo G Tags: J Leukoc Biol Source Type: research

Deletion of Mir155 Prevents Fas-Induced Liver Injury through Up-Regulation of Mcl-1.
Abstract Fas-induced apoptosis is involved in diverse liver diseases. Herein, we investigated the effect of Mir155 deletion on Fas-induced liver injury. Wild-type (WT) mice and Mir155 knockout (KO) mice were i.p. administered with the anti-Fas antibody (Jo2) to determine animal survival and the extent of liver injury. After Jo2 injection, the Mir155 KO mice exhibited prolonged survival versus the WT mice (P < 0.01). The Mir155 KO mice showed lower alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, less liver tissue damage, fewer apoptotic hepatocytes, and lower liver tissue caspase 3/7, 8, and 9 ...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - March 23, 2015 Category: Pathology Authors: Chen W, Han C, Zhang J, Song K, Wang Y, Wu T Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Activation of Sphingosine Kinase 2 by endoplasmic reticulum stress ameliorates hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance
Conclusion: Sphk2 is transcriptionally upregulated by acute ER stress via activation of ATF4 and improves perturbed hepatic glucose and fatty acid metabolism. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Hepatology - March 22, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Su‐Yeon Lee, In‐Kyung Hong, Bo‐Rahm Kim, Soon‐Mi Shim, Jae Sung Lee, Hui‐Young Lee, Cheol Soo Choi, Bo‐Kyung Kim, Tae‐Sik Park Tags: Steatohepatitis and Metabolic Liver Disease Source Type: research

Monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 is regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in human hepatocytes and increases lipid accumulation.
In this study, we evaluated the differences between MGAT subtypes and their association with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a regulator of mouse MGAT1 expression. In human primary hepatocytes, basal expression of MGAT1 was lower than that of MGAT2 or MGAT3, but was strongly induced by PPARγ overexpression. A luciferase assay as well as an electromobility shift assay revealed that human MGAT1 promoter activity is driven by PPARγ by direct binding to at least two regions of the promoter in 293T and HepG2 cells. Moreover, siRNA-mediated suppression of MGAT1 expression significantly attenuated lipid ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - March 30, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yu JH, Lee YJ, Kim HJ, Choi H, Choi Y, Seok JW, Kim JW Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Essential role of NRF2 in the protective effect of lipoic acid against lipoapoptosis in hepatocytes.
In conclusion, our work has revealed that in hepatocytes, Nrf2 is an essential early player in the rescue of oxidative stress by LA leading to protection against PA-mediated lipoapoptosis. PMID: 25841776 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 1, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Pilar Valdecantos M, Prieto-Hontoria PL, Pardo V, Módol T, Santamaría B, Weber M, Herrero L, Serra D, Muntané J, Cuadrado A, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Alfredo Martínez J, Valverde ÁM Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Resveratrol improves hepatic steatosis by inducing autophagy through the cAMP signaling pathway
Conclusions: RSV improved hepatic steatosis partially by inducing autophagy in vitro and in vivo, via the cAMP‐PRKA‐AMPK‐SIRT1 signaling pathway, which provides new evidence regarding RSV's effects on NAFLD treatmentThis article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - May 5, 2015 Category: Food Science Authors: Yong Zhang, Ming‐liang Chen, Yong Zhou, Long Yi, Yan‐xiang Gao, Li Ran, Shi‐hui Chen, Ting Zhang, Xi Zhou, Dan Zou, Bin Wu, Ying Wu, Hui Chang, Jun‐dong Zhu, Qian‐yong Zhang, Man‐tian Mi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Tauroursodeoxycholate Protects Rat Hepatocytes from Bile Acid-Induced Apoptosis via β1-Integrin- and Protein Kinase A-Dependent Mechanisms
Conclusion: TUDC exerts its anti-apoptotic effect via a β1-integrin-mediated formation of cAMP, which prevents CD95 activation by hydrophobic bile acids at the levels of JNK activation and CD95 serine/threonine phosphorylation.Cell Physiol Biochem 2015;36:866-883
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - May 27, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Specific hepatic delivery of procollagen α1(I) siRNA in lipid‐like nanoparticles resolves liver fibrosis
Conclusion: The data reported in the present study extensively show that LNP‐siCol1a1 specifically reduce total hepatic collagen content without detectable side effects, potentially qualifying as a therapy for fibrotic liver diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Hepatology - June 10, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Carolina Jiménez Calvente, Alfica Sehgal, Yury Popov, Yong Ook Kim, Victor Zevallos, Ugur Sahin, Mustafa Diken, Detlef Schuppan Tags: Liver Failure, Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension Source Type: research