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Condition: Fatty Liver Disease (FLD)

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Total 185 results found since Jan 2013.

CYP3A suppression during diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independent of PXR regulation.
Abstract Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activity is inhibited, and its expression is suppressed during many diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanism is controversial. Here, we report that PXR may not take part in the downregulation of CYP3A during NAFLD. Hepatic CYP3A11 (major subtype of mouse CYP3A) mRNA and protein expression was significantly decreased in both mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and palmitate (PA)-treated mouse primary hepatocytes. Similarly, in HepG2 cells, PA treatment significantly suppressed the CYP3A4 (major subtype of human CYP3A) mRNA level ...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - July 23, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zeng H, Lin Y, Gong J, Lin S, Gao J, Li C, Feng Z, Zhang H, Zhang J, Li Y, Yu C Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: research

Resveratrol protects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by improving lipid metabolism and redox homeostasis via the PPAR α pathway
This study investigated the preventive and therapeutic effects of RSV on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in rats and palmitate acid (PA)-induced hepatocyte steatosis in HepG2 cells. Hepatocytes were incubated with inhibitors of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) or short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting PPARα, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and protein kinase A (PKA) to determine the underlying mechanisms. We found that RSV noticeably ameliorated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis in rats and inhibited PA-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Moreover, RSV improved lipid metabolism, enhanced...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - June 6, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Yujie Huang Hedong Lang Ka Chen Yong Zhang Yanxiang Gao Li Ran Long Yi Mantian Mi Qianyong Zhang Source Type: research

CYP3A suppression during diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independent of PXR regulation
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2019Source: Chemico-Biological InteractionsAuthor(s): Hang Zeng, Yiming Lin, Jiande Gong, Sisi Lin, Jianguo Gao, Chunxiao Li, Zemin Feng, Hong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Youming Li, Chaohui YuAbstractCytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activity is inhibited, and its expression is suppressed during many diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanism is controversial. Here, we report that PXR may not take part in the downregulation of CYP3A during NAFLD. Hepatic CYP3A11 (major subtype of mouse CYP3A) mRNA and protein expression was significantly decreased in both ...
Source: Chemico Biological Interactions - May 25, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Tangshen Formula Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis by Inducing Autophagy Through the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway
Conclusion In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that autophagy was involved in relieving the effects of TSF against NAFLD, which were mediated by the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway (Figure 7D). These findings may improve our current understanding of the role of TSF in treating hepatic steatosis and provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of TSF in NAFLD and its related metabolic syndrome. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. The protocol was approved by the Ethics Co...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Increasing Upstream Chromatin Long –Range Interactions May Favor Induction of Circular RNAs in LysoPC-Activated Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
We examined the sponging potential of all significantly changed circRNAs using the CircInteractome database (Montefiori et al., 2018), recording two miRNAs with four or more predicted binding sites in a single circRNA transcript, a threshold above which meaningful sponging activity is likely to occur Memczak et al. (2013). Another four significantly changed circRNAs are experimentally shown to sponge miRNAs (Dudekula et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2017; Yan et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2018), for six total circRNAs with miRNA sponging activity including miR125, miR143, miR1272, miR153, miR515-5p, and miR196a-5p (Table 4). In Fig...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 17, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

FGF21 as Modulator of Metabolism in Health and Disease
In conclusion, FGF21 belongs to a promising class of cytokines that are induced in response to stress and that can be used as a drug, drug target, or through a biomarker, depending on the physio-pathological context. All these findings will become clear when FGF21 will be used as a therapeutic molecule, exploiting the beneficial effects of FGF21 for treating metabolic disease or when it will be blocked to ameliorate disease progression and the onset of disease. Author Contributions CT and MS wrote the manuscript. VR contributed to the discussion. Funding This work was supported from the AFM-Telethon (19524), Italian Mi...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

NF κB and Kidney Injury
Conclusion As a critical regulator of inflammation and cell survival, the NFκB pathway is a promising target for diagnosing and treating kidney diseases. For modulation of the NFκB pathway in the clinic, a number of molecules can effectively inhibit NFκB signaling by targeting the receptors, associated adaptors, IKKs, IκBs and transcriptional regulators (144). There is further clinical evidence on small-molecule inhibitors of IKKα and NIK from recent trials on anti-cancer therapies (145). These clinical trials showed that the cancer-selective pharmacodynamic response of DTP3, the co...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Fetuin B aggravates liver X receptor-mediated hepatic steatosis through AMPK in HepG2 cells and mice.
This study aims to investigate the role of fetuin B in hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 mice and HepG2 cells. 1) We found that the administration of recombinant fetuin B aggravated hepatic lipid accumulation caused by free fatty acids (FFAs) or high fat diet, in vivo and in vitro. It lowered the phosphorylated AMPK levels and activated the LXR-SREBP1c pathway, accompanied by the downregulation of fatty acid oxidation and upregulation of lipogenesis. Furthermore, in HepG2 cells exposed to recombinant fetuin B and FFAs, the AMPK agonist depressed the LXR-SREBP1c pathway and alleviated lipid accumulation. The knockdown of LXR pro...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - April 13, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

CYP1A2 contributes to alcohol-induced abnormal lipid metabolism through the PTEN/AKT/SREBP-1c pathway.
In this study, we aimed to explore the role of CYP1A2 in lipid metabolism abnormalities induced by alcohol and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. L02 cells were treated with siRNA-CYP1A2 or fluvoxamine and then stimulated with 100 mM ethanol for 24 h. The levels of ALT and TGs in the siRNA-CYP1A2 and fluvoxamine groups were significantly lower than those in the normal control group after ethanol treatment, and the expression of SREBP-1c was decreased when CYP1A2 was inhibited, suggesting that CYP1A2 may contribute to alcohol-induced irregular lipid metabolism by regulating sterol regulatory element-binding prote...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 8, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhu Q, Huang C, Meng X, Li J Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

NLRC4 inflammasome activation regulated by TNF- α promotes inflammatory responses in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
In this study, we used NLRC4-targeting siRNA and an NLRC4-encoding plasmid to demonstrate that the increases in IL-18 and IL-1β are mainly attributable to the activation of the NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome, which stimulates cellular pyroptosis. NLRC4 inflammasome activation is regulated by TNF-α and accompanies the translocation of NLRC4 from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria, but the specific mechanism is unclear. In summary, the increase in TNF-α during NAFLD promotes the activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome, which increases the production of IL-18 and IL-1β and triggers pyroptos...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - February 25, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chen Y, Ma K Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Prenatal caffeine exposure increases the susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in female offspring rats via activation of GR-C/EBP α-SIRT1 pathway.
This study aimed to evaluate female adult offspring induced by prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) are susceptible to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to explore the underlying programming mechanisms. Pregnant rats were intragastrically administered caffeine (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg.d) on gestational day (GD) 9-20. The female adult offspring were randomly divided into three groups: offspring without or with chronic stress during postnatal week (PW) 10-12 and PW28 offspring. Results showed that PW28 PCE female offspring had a higher hepatic triglyceride content and Kleiner scores, accompanied by elevated serum cor...
Source: Toxicology - February 15, 2019 Category: Toxicology Authors: Hu S, Xia L, Luo H, Xu Y, Yu H, Xu D, Wang H Tags: Toxicology Source Type: research

ZNF300 stimulates fatty acid oxidation and alleviates hepatosteatosis through regulating PPAR{alpha}
ZNF300 plays an important role in the regulation of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. However, little is known about the role of ZNF300 in lipid metabolism and NAFLD. In the present study, we observed that ZNF300 expression was markedly decreased in free fatty acid (FFA)-induced fatty liver. Overexpressed ZNF300 alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation, whereas knockdown of ZNF300 enhanced the FFA-induced lipid accumulation. Investigations of the underlying mechanisms revealed that ZNF300 directly binds to and regulates the PPARα expression, thus promoting fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, bisulfite pyrosequencing ...
Source: Biochemical Journal - January 31, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yan, F.-J., Wang, Y.-J., Yan, S.-R., Lu, J., Zheng, Y.-L. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

ZNF300 stimulates fatty acid oxidation and alleviates hepatosteatosis through regulating PPAR α.
ZNF300 stimulates fatty acid oxidation and alleviates hepatosteatosis through regulating PPARα. Biochem J. 2018 Dec 19;: Authors: Yan FJ, Wang YJ, Yan SR, Lu J, Zheng YL Abstract ZNF300 plays an important role in the regulation of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. However, little is known about the role of ZNF300 in lipid metabolism and NAFLD. In the present study, we observed that ZNF300 expression was markedly decreased in free fatty acids (FFAs)-induced fatty liver. Overexpressed ZNF300 alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation, whereas knockdown of ZNF300 enhanced the FFAs-induced lipid accumulat...
Source: The Biochemical Journal - December 19, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yan FJ, Wang YJ, Yan SR, Lu J, Zheng YL Tags: Biochem J Source Type: research

Effects of sera of rats fed with Huganqingzhi tablets on endoplasmic reticulum stress in a HepG2 cell model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
CONCLUSIONS: HGT serum can effectively prevent FFAs-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells by alleviating ER stress, in which PKC-δ may act as an important target. PMID: 30514673 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Southern Medical University - November 30, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Yang M, Chen Z, Xiao C, Tang W, Zhou B Tags: Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao Source Type: research

Repin1 deficiency in liver tissue alleviates NAFLD progression in mice
This study provides evidence that loss of Repin1 in the liver attenuates NAFLD progression, most likely by reducing fat accumulation and alleviating chronic tissue inflammation. Thus, modulating Repin1 expression may become a novel strategy and potential tool to inhibit NAFLD progression.Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Advanced Research - November 23, 2018 Category: Research Source Type: research