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Condition: Fatty Liver Disease (FLD)

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Total 185 results found since Jan 2013.

Polydatin prevents fructose-induced liver inflammation and lipid deposition through increasing miR-200a to regulate Keap1/Nrf2 pathway
Publication date: Available online 5 July 2018Source: Redox BiologyAuthor(s): Xiao-Juan Zhao, Han-Wen Yu, Yan-Zi Yang, Wen-Yuan Wu, Tian-Yu Chen, Ke-Ke Jia, Lin-Lin Kang, Rui-Qing Jiao, Ling-Dong KongAbstractOxidative stress is a critical factor in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease pathogenesis. MicroRNA-200a (miR-200a) is reported to target Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), which regulates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) anti-oxidant pathway. Polydatin (3,4′,5-trihydroxy-stilbene-3-β-D-glucoside), a polyphenol found in the rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum, have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammat...
Source: Redox Biology - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

High circulatory leptin mediated NOX-2-peroxynitrite-miR21 axis activate mesangial cells and promotes renal inflammatory pathology in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Publication date: July 2018Source: Redox Biology, Volume 17Author(s): Firas Alhasson, Ratanesh Kumar Seth, Sutapa Sarkar, Diana A. Kimono, Muayad S. Albadrani, Diptadip Dattaroy, Varun Chandrashekaran, Geoffrey I. Scott, Samir Raychoudhury, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti, Anna Mae Diehl, Saurabh ChatterjeeAbstractHigh circulatory insulin and leptin followed by underlying inflammation are often ascribed to the ectopic manifestations in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but the exact molecular pathways remain unclear. We have shown previously that CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress and circulating leptin in NAFLD...
Source: Redox Biology - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Activation of the CXCL16/CXCR6 pathway promotes lipid deposition in fatty livers of apolipoprotein E knockout mice and HepG2 cells.
This study aimed to investigate the role of CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) in NAFLD under inflammation. We used IL-1β stimulation in human hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2) for in vitro studies and casein injection in apolipoprotein E knockout mice in vivo to induce inflammatory stress. The effects of inflammation on cholesterol accumulation were examined by histochemical staining and a quantitative intracellular cholesterol assay. The gene and protein expression of molecules involved in CXCL16/CXCR6 pathway and extracellular matrix (ECM) were examined by real-time polyme...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - July 19, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Yangonin protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through farnesoid X receptor
ConclusionsYangonin protects against NAFLD due to its activation of FXR signalling to inhibit hepatic lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis, and to promote lipid metabolism and glycogen synthesis, as well as insulin sensitivity.Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - September 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Genipin Reverses HFD-Induced Liver Damage and Inhibits UCP2-Mediated Pyroptosis in Mice
Conclusion: GNP reverses HFD-induced liver damage and inhibits UCP2-mediated pyroptosis. Thus, GNP may serve as a potential therapeutic candidate for NAFLD.Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;49:1885 –1897
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - September 20, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, reduces hepatic steatosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress by inducing nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 nuclear translocation.
Abstract Activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been reported to reduce hepatic steatosis, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated whether exendin-4 (EX-4), a GLP-1 receptor analogue, improves hepatic steatosis through ER stress reduction. Furthermore, we explored which ER stress pathway is involved in this process, with a focus on the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)-nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. EX-4 treatment redu...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - September 22, 2018 Category: Toxicology Authors: Yoo J, Cho IJ, Jeong IK, Ahn KJ, Chung HY, Hwang YC Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

A Novel Regulatory Role of Apoptosis Antagonizing Transcription Factor in the Pathogenesis of NAFLD and HCC
Conclusion AATF drives NAFLD and hepatocarcinogenesis, offering a potential target for therapeutic intervention.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Hepatology - November 5, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Divya P. Kumar, Prasanna K. Santhekadur, Mulugeta Seneshaw, Faridoddin Mirshahi, Cora Uram Tuculescu, Arun J. Sanyal Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Repin1 deficiency in liver tissue alleviates NAFLD progression in mice
This study provides evidence that loss of Repin1 in the liver attenuates NAFLD progression, most likely by reducing fat accumulation and alleviating chronic tissue inflammation. Thus, modulating Repin1 expression may become a novel strategy and potential tool to inhibit NAFLD progression.Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Advanced Research - November 23, 2018 Category: Research Source Type: research

Effects of sera of rats fed with Huganqingzhi tablets on endoplasmic reticulum stress in a HepG2 cell model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
CONCLUSIONS: HGT serum can effectively prevent FFAs-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells by alleviating ER stress, in which PKC-δ may act as an important target. PMID: 30514673 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Southern Medical University - November 30, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Yang M, Chen Z, Xiao C, Tang W, Zhou B Tags: Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao Source Type: research

ZNF300 stimulates fatty acid oxidation and alleviates hepatosteatosis through regulating PPAR α.
ZNF300 stimulates fatty acid oxidation and alleviates hepatosteatosis through regulating PPARα. Biochem J. 2018 Dec 19;: Authors: Yan FJ, Wang YJ, Yan SR, Lu J, Zheng YL Abstract ZNF300 plays an important role in the regulation of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. However, little is known about the role of ZNF300 in lipid metabolism and NAFLD. In the present study, we observed that ZNF300 expression was markedly decreased in free fatty acids (FFAs)-induced fatty liver. Overexpressed ZNF300 alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation, whereas knockdown of ZNF300 enhanced the FFAs-induced lipid accumulat...
Source: The Biochemical Journal - December 19, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yan FJ, Wang YJ, Yan SR, Lu J, Zheng YL Tags: Biochem J Source Type: research

ZNF300 stimulates fatty acid oxidation and alleviates hepatosteatosis through regulating PPAR{alpha}
ZNF300 plays an important role in the regulation of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. However, little is known about the role of ZNF300 in lipid metabolism and NAFLD. In the present study, we observed that ZNF300 expression was markedly decreased in free fatty acid (FFA)-induced fatty liver. Overexpressed ZNF300 alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation, whereas knockdown of ZNF300 enhanced the FFA-induced lipid accumulation. Investigations of the underlying mechanisms revealed that ZNF300 directly binds to and regulates the PPARα expression, thus promoting fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, bisulfite pyrosequencing ...
Source: Biochemical Journal - January 31, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yan, F.-J., Wang, Y.-J., Yan, S.-R., Lu, J., Zheng, Y.-L. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Prenatal caffeine exposure increases the susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in female offspring rats via activation of GR-C/EBP α-SIRT1 pathway.
This study aimed to evaluate female adult offspring induced by prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) are susceptible to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to explore the underlying programming mechanisms. Pregnant rats were intragastrically administered caffeine (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg.d) on gestational day (GD) 9-20. The female adult offspring were randomly divided into three groups: offspring without or with chronic stress during postnatal week (PW) 10-12 and PW28 offspring. Results showed that PW28 PCE female offspring had a higher hepatic triglyceride content and Kleiner scores, accompanied by elevated serum cor...
Source: Toxicology - February 15, 2019 Category: Toxicology Authors: Hu S, Xia L, Luo H, Xu Y, Yu H, Xu D, Wang H Tags: Toxicology Source Type: research

NLRC4 inflammasome activation regulated by TNF- α promotes inflammatory responses in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
In this study, we used NLRC4-targeting siRNA and an NLRC4-encoding plasmid to demonstrate that the increases in IL-18 and IL-1β are mainly attributable to the activation of the NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome, which stimulates cellular pyroptosis. NLRC4 inflammasome activation is regulated by TNF-α and accompanies the translocation of NLRC4 from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria, but the specific mechanism is unclear. In summary, the increase in TNF-α during NAFLD promotes the activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome, which increases the production of IL-18 and IL-1β and triggers pyroptos...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - February 25, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chen Y, Ma K Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

NF κB and Kidney Injury
Conclusion As a critical regulator of inflammation and cell survival, the NFκB pathway is a promising target for diagnosing and treating kidney diseases. For modulation of the NFκB pathway in the clinic, a number of molecules can effectively inhibit NFκB signaling by targeting the receptors, associated adaptors, IKKs, IκBs and transcriptional regulators (144). There is further clinical evidence on small-molecule inhibitors of IKKα and NIK from recent trials on anti-cancer therapies (145). These clinical trials showed that the cancer-selective pharmacodynamic response of DTP3, the co...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

FGF21 as Modulator of Metabolism in Health and Disease
In conclusion, FGF21 belongs to a promising class of cytokines that are induced in response to stress and that can be used as a drug, drug target, or through a biomarker, depending on the physio-pathological context. All these findings will become clear when FGF21 will be used as a therapeutic molecule, exploiting the beneficial effects of FGF21 for treating metabolic disease or when it will be blocked to ameliorate disease progression and the onset of disease. Author Contributions CT and MS wrote the manuscript. VR contributed to the discussion. Funding This work was supported from the AFM-Telethon (19524), Italian Mi...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research