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Cancer: Colon Cancer

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Total 665 results found since Jan 2013.

CD44 expression enhances chemoresistance and implies occult micrometastases after conversion hepatectomy for initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases.
CONCLUSIONS: CD44 enhances chemoresistance in response to anti-cancer drugs (fluorouracil and oxaliplatin) in colon cancer cells. CD44 expression in liver metastases after chemotherapy implies the presence of occult micrometastases and is a worse prognostic factor in patients with conversion hepatectomy for initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases. PMID: 33042471 [PubMed]
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - October 13, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Apoptosis in Cancer Cells Is Induced by Alternative Splicing of hnRNPA2/B1 Through Splicing of Bcl-x, a Mechanism that Can Be Stimulated by an Extract of the South African Medicinal Plant, Cotyledon orbiculata
Alternative splicing is deregulated in cancer and alternatively spliced products can be linked to cancer hallmarks. Targeting alternative splicing could offer novel effective cancer treatments. We investigated the effects of the crude extract of a South African medicinal plant, Cotyledon orbiculata, on cell survival of colon (HCT116) and esophageal (OE33 and KYSE70) cancer cell lines. Using RNASeq, we discovered that the extract interfered with mRNA regulatory pathways. The extract caused hnRNPA2B1 to splice from the hnRNPB1 to the hnRNPA2 isoform, resulting in a switch in the BCL2L1 gene from Bcl-xL to Bcl-xS causing acti...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - October 8, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Inhibition of semaphorin 4D enhances chemosensitivity by increasing 5-fluorouracile-induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells.
This study implicates that the silencing of SEMA4D by siRNA promotes the chemosensitivity of SW48 cells to 5-FU and it may be a potential therapeutic agent for colon cancer therapy. PMID: 32888127 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Molecular Biology Reports - September 3, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Rashidi G, Rezaeepoor M, Mohammadi C, Solgi G, Najafi R Tags: Mol Biol Rep Source Type: research

Downregulation of miR ‑181b inhibits human colon cancer cell proliferation by targeting CYLD and inhibiting the NF‑κB signaling pathway.
Downregulation of miR‑181b inhibits human colon cancer cell proliferation by targeting CYLD and inhibiting the NF‑κB signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med. 2020 Sep 04;: Authors: Yang X, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Han S Abstract It has been reported that microRNA (miRNA/miR)‑181b plays an important role in regulating cellular proliferation, invasion and apoptosis in various tumors. However, the role of miR‑181b and its molecular mechanisms in colon cancer cells have not yet been elucidated. The present study thus aimed to investigate the mechanisms of miR‑181b targeting cylindromatosis (CYLD) to regulate ...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - September 3, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yang X, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Han S Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 2402: Midkine Is a Potential Therapeutic Target of Tumorigenesis, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Sang Soo Kim Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) induced by reduced O2 availability activate the transcription of target genes encoding proteins that play important roles in communication between cancer and stromal cells. Cancer cells were incubated under hypoxic conditions: H1299, A549 (NSCLC); Hep3B, HepG2 (HCC); HCT116, CT26 (Colon cancer); MCF-7, MDAMB231 (Breast cancer); MKN1, MKN5 (Gastric cancer); U87MG, SHSY5Y (Brain cancer); and SKOV3, SNU840 (Ovary cancer). All cells expressed HIF-1α and HIF-2α mRNA and proteins. However, cell proliferation of NSCLC, breast, gastric, and brain cancer...
Source: Cancers - August 23, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dong Hoon Shin Jeong Yeon Jo Sun Ha Kim Minyoung Choi Chungyong Han Beom K. Choi Sang Soo Kim Tags: Article Source Type: research

Ribosomal protein S3 selectively affects colon cancer growth by modulating the levels of p53 and lactate dehydrogenase.
In this study, we aim at determining the expression levels of RPS3 in a colon cancer cell line Caco-2 compared to a normal colon mucosa cell line NCM-460 and study the effects of targeting this protein by siRNA on cellular behavior. RPS3 was found to be expressed in both cell lines. However, siRNA treatment showed a more protruding effect on Caco-2 cells compared to NCM-460 cells. RPS3 knockdown led to a significant decrease in the proliferation, survival, migration and invasion and an increase in the apoptosis of Caco-2 cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated that these effects correlated with an increase in the level o...
Source: Molecular Biology Reports - August 2, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Alam E, Maaliki L, Nasr Z Tags: Mol Biol Rep Source Type: research

Small interfering RNA-loaded chitosan hydrochloride/carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles for ultrasound-triggered release to hamper colorectal cancer growth in vitro.
Abstract Development of nontoxic, targetable and potent small interfering RNAs (siRNA) delivery systems remains a predominant challenge for clinical application of siRNA therapy. The nanoparticles of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and labeled fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-chitosan hydrochloride (CHC) were fabricated as carriers for ultrasound-triggered drug delivery to treat colon cancer. The results showed the (FITC-CHC)-CMC nanoparticles could effectively encapsulate anti-β-catenin siRNA through ionic gelation self-assembly to improve the stability of siRNA. The cumulative release ratio of siRNA from crosslin...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - June 26, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yan L, Gao S, Shui S, Liu S, Qu H, Liu C, Zheng L Tags: Int J Biol Macromol Source Type: research

Expression of MACC1 protein in gastric cancer and its effect on proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells.
CONCLUSION: MACC1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues. The expression of MACC1 was related to the differentiation degree, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis and staging of gastric cancer. Down-regulation of MACC1 could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells. This study provided a certain biological basis for early clinical prediction, diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. PMID: 32415936 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cellular and Molecular Biology - May 18, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) Source Type: research

Syndecan-1-Dependent Regulation of Heparanase Affects Invasiveness, Stem Cell Properties, and Therapeutic Resistance of Caco2 Colon Cancer Cells
The heparan sulfate proteoglycan Syndecan-1 binds cytokines, morphogens and extracellular matrix components, regulating cancer stem cell properties and invasiveness. Syndecan-1 is modulated by the heparan sulfate-degrading enzyme heparanase, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms are only poorly understood. In colon cancer pathogenesis, complex changes occur in the expression pattern of Syndecan-1 and heparanase during progression from well-differentiated to undifferentiated tumors. Loss of Syndecan-1 and increased expression of heparanase are associated with a change in phenotypic plasticity and an increase in invasiven...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 13, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

ARNTL2 knockdown suppressed the invasion and migration of colon carcinoma: decreased SMOC2-EMT expression through inactivation of PI3K/AKT pathway.
This study aimed to detect the effects of ARNTL2 knockdown by siRNA on the proliferation and invasion of colon carcinoma and clarify the molecular mechanisms of ARNTL2 in the development of colon carcinoma (CC). The CC microarray dataset GSE50760 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The expression levels of ARNTL2 in CC tissues and cancer cells were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blot, respectively. The knockdown of ARNTL2 expression was induced by RNA interference in colon cancer cells. The proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 and clonal formation assays. The invasion ...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - May 2, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Long non-coding RNA CCAT1 is overexpressed in endometrial cancer and regulates growth and transcriptome of endometrial adenocarcinoma cells.
CONCLUSIONS: Given that the lncRNA CCAT1 was found to be overexpressed in endometrial cancer, affected the growth of HEC-1B cells and the expression of growth regulatory genes, our data suggest CCAT1 to exert oncogenic functions in endometrial cancer and encourage further studies to examine to what extent this lncRNA might be a potential therapy target in this cancer entity. PMID: 32173521 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology - March 11, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Treeck O, Skrzypczak M, Schüler-Toprak S, Weber F, Ortmann O Tags: Int J Biochem Cell Biol Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 605: Ginsenoside Rp1, A Ginsenoside Derivative, Augments Anti-Cancer Effects of Actinomycin D via Downregulation of an AKT-SIRT1 Pathway
This study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of ginsenoside Rp1, actinomycin D (ActD), and their co-administration in drug-resistant cells and murine xenograft model of colon cancer, and explore the underlying mechanisms. ActD increased expression and activity of SIRT1 in drug-resistant LS513 colon cancer, OVCAR8-DXR ovarian cancer, and A549-DXR lung cancer cells, but not in ActD-sensitive SW620 colon cancer cells. Inhibition of SIRT1, either pharmacologically, with EX527 or through siRNA, stimulated p53 acetylation and apoptosis in LS513 cells when treated with ActD. ActD also increased AKT activation in drug-resi...
Source: Cancers - March 4, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yun Lee Lee Shim Kim Tags: Article Source Type: research

LncRNA ROR1-AS1 promotes colon cancer cell proliferation by suppressing the expression of DUSP5/CDKN1A.
CONCLUSIONS: ROR1-AS1 is highly expressed either in colon cancer tissues or in cell lines, which is able to enhance cell proliferation, accelerate cell cycle, and inhibit cell apoptosis. The mechanism of ROR1-AS1 to participate in the development of colon cancer may be the downregulation of DUSP5 via combination with EZH2. PMID: 32096171 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - February 26, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Novel functional anti-HER3 monoclonal antibodies with potent anti-cancer effects on various human epithelial cancers.
Authors: Okita K, Okazaki S, Uejima S, Yamada E, Kaminaka H, Kondo M, Ueda S, Tokiwa R, Iwata N, Yamasaki A, Hayashi N, Ogura D, Hirotani K, Yoshioka T, Inoue M, Masuko K, Masuko T Abstract Resistance of progressive cancers against chemotherapy is a serious clinical problem. In this context, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) can play important roles in drug resistance to HER1- and HER2- targeted therapies. Since clinical testing of anti-HER3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) such as patritumab could not show remarkable effect compared with existing drugs, we generated novel mAbs against anti-HER3. Novel ra...
Source: Oncotarget - February 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 174: The MicroRNA-23b/27b/24 Cluster Facilitates Colon Cancer Cell Migration by Targeting FOXP2
kutan Acquisition of cell migration capacity is an early and essential process in cancer development. The aim of this study was to identify microRNA gene expression networks that induced high migration capacity. Using colon cancer HCT116 cells subcloned by transwell-based migrated cell selection, microRNA array analysis was performed to examine the microRNA expression profile. Promoter activity and microRNA targets were assessed with luciferase reporters. Cell migration capacity was assessed by either the transwell or scratch assay. In isolated subpopulations with high migration capacity, the expression levels of the m...
Source: Cancers - January 9, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kensei Nishida Yuki Kuwano Kazuhito Rokutan Tags: Article Source Type: research