Examining the effectiveness of the Gateway conditional caution on health and well-being of young adults committing low-level offences: a randomised controlled trial
Conclusions
Gateway is the first trial in a UK police setting to have a health-related primary outcome requiring individual data collection, rather than focusing solely on recidivism. We demonstrated that it is possible to recruit and randomise from the study population, however follow-up rates were low. Further work is needed to identify ways to facilitate engagement between researchers and vulnerable populations to collect data.
Trial registration number
ISRCTN11888938. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 25, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mitchell, A., Booth, A., Morgan, S., Walker, I., Chapman, C., Barlow-Pay, M., Cochrane, A., Filby, E., Fleming, J., Hewitt, C., Raftery, J., Torgerson, D., Weir, L., Parkes, J. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research
Menthol and filter ventilation in cigarettes: prevalence estimates and relationships with harm perception and smoking exposure
CONCLUSION: The well-documented harm misperception linked to higher FV is more apparent in those using non-menthol than menthol cigarettes. Increased exposures were observed among some non-menthol cigarette users compared with some menthol cigarette users. These results should by no means delay a menthol ban but rather motivate concerted public health efforts to accompany the menthol ban to maximise smoking cessation.PMID:38658056 | DOI:10.1136/tc-2023-058495 (Source: Cancer Control)
Source: Cancer Control - April 24, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dana Mowls Carroll Lorna Bittencourt Katelyn M Tessier Ayaantuu Usman Irina Stepanov Dorothy K Hatsukami Source Type: research
African health ministers commit to end malaria deaths
Saudi Med J. 2024 Apr;45(4):450-451.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38657981 (Source: Saudi Medical Journal)
Source: Saudi Medical Journal - April 24, 2024 Category: Middle East Health Source Type: research
Nicotine and Alcohol Use as Predictors of Recreational Cannabis Use in Adolescence: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
Conclusion: Current evidence suggests an association between nicotine-product use and subsequent recreational cannabis use among adolescents. However, further research is needed to establish causality between exposure to nicotine substances and the use of recreational cannabis within this age demographic. Additionally, there is a need for the development of prevention programs and targeted policies that continuously inform and update this vulnerable sub-population about the risks associated with cannabis use for leisure.PMID:38658323 | DOI:10.1080/10826084.2024.2342008 (Source: Substance Use and Misuse)
Source: Substance Use and Misuse - April 24, 2024 Category: Addiction Authors: T S Fingesi L J Kimaru B O Okusanya J E Ehiri C Rosales Source Type: research
African health ministers commit to end malaria deaths
Saudi Med J. 2024 Apr;45(4):450-451.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38657981 (Source: Saudi Medical Journal)
Source: Saudi Medical Journal - April 24, 2024 Category: Middle East Health Source Type: research
Nicotine improves DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting NLRP3 and altering gut microbiota
. (Source: Journal of Asian Natural Products Research)
Source: Journal of Asian Natural Products Research - April 24, 2024 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Yi-Xiang ZhangXiao-Qian ChiMeng LiWei ZhangYing GuanLian-Qiu Wua Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, Chinab Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Re Source Type: research
Exposure to nicotine regulates prostaglandin E2 secretion and autophagy of granulosa cells to retard follicular maturation in mammals
In this study, we notably found that nicotine was likely to specifically raise the expression of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) to promote the apoptosis and autophagy of granulosa cells (GCs) and block follicular maturation. Moreover, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) inhibited the apoptosis of GCs and facilitated follicular maturation, and nicotine appeared to inhibit PGE2 secretion by freezing the expression of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1), which was the rate-limiting and essential enzyme for PGE2 synthesis. Epigenetically, the nicotine was observed to diminish the histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) level and compact the chromatin...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - April 23, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Xiaofeng Zhou Yingting He Hongyan Quan Jinghao Yang Shuo Li Yao Jiang Jiaqi Li Xiaolong Yuan Source Type: research
Exposure to nicotine regulates prostaglandin E2 secretion and autophagy of granulosa cells to retard follicular maturation in mammals
In this study, we notably found that nicotine was likely to specifically raise the expression of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) to promote the apoptosis and autophagy of granulosa cells (GCs) and block follicular maturation. Moreover, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) inhibited the apoptosis of GCs and facilitated follicular maturation, and nicotine appeared to inhibit PGE2 secretion by freezing the expression of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1), which was the rate-limiting and essential enzyme for PGE2 synthesis. Epigenetically, the nicotine was observed to diminish the histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) level and compact the chromatin...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - April 23, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Xiaofeng Zhou Yingting He Hongyan Quan Jinghao Yang Shuo Li Yao Jiang Jiaqi Li Xiaolong Yuan Source Type: research
Acute nicotine activates orectic and inhibits anorectic brain regions in rats exposed to chronic nicotine
Neuropharmacology. 2024 Apr 20:109959. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109959. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNicotine use produces psychoactive effects, and chronic use is associated with physiological and psychological symptoms of addiction. However, chronic nicotine use is known to decrease food intake and body weight gain, suggesting that nicotine also affects central metabolic and appetite regulation. We recently showed that acute nicotine self-administration in nicotine-dependent animals produces a short-term increase in food intake, contrary to its long-term decrease of feeding behavior. As feeding behavior is regulat...
Source: Neuropharmacology - April 22, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kokila Shankar S élène Bonnet-Zahedi Kristel Milan Andrea Ruiz D'argence Elizabeth Sneddon Ran Qiao Supakorn Chonwattangul Lieselot Lg Carrette Marsida Kallupi Olivier George Source Type: research
Excessive Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorders: A Policy Brief of the American College of Physicians
Ann Intern Med. 2024 Apr 23. doi: 10.7326/M23-3434. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAlcohol is used by more people in the United States than tobacco, electronic nicotine delivery systems, or illicit drugs. Several health conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and liver disease, are associated with excessive alcohol use and alcohol use disorder. Nearly 30 million people aged 12 years or older in the United States reported past-year alcohol use disorder in 2022, but-despite its prevalence-alcohol use disorder is undertreated. In this policy brief, the American College of Physicians outlines the health effects of...
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - April 22, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ryan Crowley David Hilden Micah Beachy Health and Public Policy Committee of the American College of Physicians Source Type: research
Acute nicotine activates orectic and inhibits anorectic brain regions in rats exposed to chronic nicotine
Neuropharmacology. 2024 Apr 20:109959. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109959. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNicotine use produces psychoactive effects, and chronic use is associated with physiological and psychological symptoms of addiction. However, chronic nicotine use is known to decrease food intake and body weight gain, suggesting that nicotine also affects central metabolic and appetite regulation. We recently showed that acute nicotine self-administration in nicotine-dependent animals produces a short-term increase in food intake, contrary to its long-term decrease of feeding behavior. As feeding behavior is regulat...
Source: Neuropharmacology - April 22, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kokila Shankar S élène Bonnet-Zahedi Kristel Milan Andrea Ruiz D'argence Elizabeth Sneddon Ran Qiao Supakorn Chonwattangul Lieselot Lg Carrette Marsida Kallupi Olivier George Source Type: research
Excessive Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorders: A Policy Brief of the American College of Physicians
Ann Intern Med. 2024 Apr 23. doi: 10.7326/M23-3434. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAlcohol is used by more people in the United States than tobacco, electronic nicotine delivery systems, or illicit drugs. Several health conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and liver disease, are associated with excessive alcohol use and alcohol use disorder. Nearly 30 million people aged 12 years or older in the United States reported past-year alcohol use disorder in 2022, but-despite its prevalence-alcohol use disorder is undertreated. In this policy brief, the American College of Physicians outlines the health effects of...
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - April 22, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ryan Crowley David Hilden Micah Beachy Health and Public Policy Committee of the American College of Physicians Source Type: research
Excessive Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorders: A Policy Brief of the American College of Physicians
Ann Intern Med. 2024 Apr 23. doi: 10.7326/M23-3434. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAlcohol is used by more people in the United States than tobacco, electronic nicotine delivery systems, or illicit drugs. Several health conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and liver disease, are associated with excessive alcohol use and alcohol use disorder. Nearly 30 million people aged 12 years or older in the United States reported past-year alcohol use disorder in 2022, but-despite its prevalence-alcohol use disorder is undertreated. In this policy brief, the American College of Physicians outlines the health effects of...
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - April 22, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ryan Crowley David Hilden Micah Beachy Health and Public Policy Committee of the American College of Physicians Source Type: research
