Stroke Epidemiology in Oceania: A Review
Conclusions: Stroke is a major healthcare problem in Oceania. Variations in stroke epidemiology are found between countries in Oceania. Data are lacking in some; more research into the burden of stroke in Oceania is needed. With the expected increase in life expectancy and vascular risk factors, the burden of stroke in Oceania will likely rise. Some of the disparities in stroke burden may be addressed by great investment in healthcare.Neuroepidemiology (Source: Neuroepidemiology)
Source: Neuroepidemiology - February 18, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Notes from the Field: Interpretation of Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Leptospirosis During a Dengue Outbreak - Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia, 2019.
PMID: 33270615 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...)
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - December 4, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Dawson P, Marfel M, Galloway R, Tareg A, Paz-Bailey G, Muñoz-Jordán JL, Sharp TM, Adams LE, Bower WA Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research
IJERPH, Vol. 17, Pages 7839: Health and Diet among People Living in an Isolated Area: Case Study of Pingelap Island in Pohnpei State, the Federated States of Micronesia
In conclusion, the geographical isolation did not significantly influence health and diet, but the majority of the study population displayed a high-risk burden of non-communicable diseases. (Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health)
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - October 26, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Moeno Sakai Minato Nakazawa Delpihn Abraham Tags: Article Source Type: research
Obesity measures in the Kiribati population: a need to reclassify body mass index cut-points
The objective of the study was to assess obesity, the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) among adults, and determine the ... (Source: BMC Public Health)
Source: BMC Public Health - July 11, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: P. E. Eme, B. Burlingame, N. D. Kim, S. Foliaki, C. Wham and J. Douwes Tags: Research article Source Type: research
Specific aspects of bariatric surgery in French Polynesia
Native Hawaiians and Polynesians living in economically disadvantaged communities suffer disproportionately from many health conditions, especially chronic diseases.1 Regional mean BMI in 2014 was maximum in Polynesia and Micronesia: for men 29.2 kg/m2 and 32.2 kg/m2 for women.2 During 1980 –2009 there were significant increases in BMI and obesity in Polynesia.3 (Source: American Journal of Surgery)
Source: American Journal of Surgery - June 28, 2020 Category: Surgery Authors: Damien Massalou, Massimo Senni-Buratti, Imad Bentellis, Antonio Iannelli Source Type: research
Genome comparison and transcriptome analysis of the invasive brown root rot pathogen, Phellinus noxius, from different geographic regions reveals potential enzymes associated with degradation of different wood substrates
This study highlights the vast suite of decomposing enzymes produced by P. noxius, which suggests potential for degrading diverse wood substrates, even from temperate host trees. This information contributes to our understanding of pathogen ecology, mechanisms of wood decomposition, and pathogenic/saprophytic lifestyle. (Source: Fungal Biology)
Source: Fungal Biology - January 9, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Sequencing of ZIKV genomes directly from Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes collected during the 2015-16 epidemics in Recife.
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a negative sense RNA virus from the Flaviviridae family, which was relatively unknown until the first human epidemic in Micronesia, in 2007. Since its spread to French Polynesia and the Americas. Recife, the capital of Pernambuco state and epicenter of the Zika epidemic in Brazil, experienced a large number of microcephaly cases and other congenital abnormalities associated to the ZIKV infection from, 2015 to 16. Evidences suggest that both Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes from Recife are capable of replicating and transmitting the virus. Here, we conducted ...
Source: Infection, Genetics and Evolution - January 5, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Paiva MHS, Guedes DRD, Krokovsky L, Machado LC, Rezende TMT, de Morais Sobral MC, Ayres CFJ, Wallau GL Tags: Infect Genet Evol Source Type: research
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis at Chelechol ra Orrak, Palau
ConclusionsIndirect effects of parafunctional dental activity appear to be a factor in TMJ-OA frequency at Chelechol ra Orrak. While betel nut chewing may be one of those activities, it does not appear to be solely driving the presence of TMJ-OA.SignificanceThis study highlights the association between a specific parafunctional use of the temporomandibular joint and the potential pathological consequences. It also reinforces the need to carefully evaluate the archaeological context of skeletal remains in order to evaluate specific etiological factors in the presence of TMJ-OA in present and past populations.LimitationsSamp...
Source: International Journal of Paleopathology - January 3, 2020 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Recombination of B- and T-cell epitope-rich loci from Aedes- and Culex-borne flaviviruses shapes Zika virus epidemiology
Publication date: Available online 16 December 2019Source: Antiviral ResearchAuthor(s): Michael W. Gaunt, Duane J. Gubler, John H.-O. Pettersson, Goro Kuno, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Xavier de Lamballerie, Ernest A. Gould, Andrew K. FalconarAbstractSporadic human Zika virus (ZIKV) infections have been recorded in Africa and Asia since the 1950s. Major epidemics occurred only after ZIKV emerged in the Pacific islands and spread to the Americas. Specific biological determinants of the explosive epidemic nature of ZIKV have not been identified. Phylogenetic studies revealed incongruence in ZIKV placement in relation to Aedes-bor...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - December 17, 2019 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Fever, Abdominal Pain and Jaundice in a Pacific Islander Woman
A 61-year-old woman who had immigrated from Micronesia 10 years ago had 1 month of sharp, progressive, intermittent, nonradiating right upper quadrant abdominal pain; she was febrile, had leukocytosis and elevated levels of liver panel analytes, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed numerous worms in the biliary trees. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next? (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - December 16, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Recombination of B- and T-cell epitope-rich loci from Aedes- and Culex-borne flaviviruses shapes Zika virus epidemiology.
Abstract
Sporadic human Zika virus (ZIKV) infections have been recorded in Africa and Asia since the 1950s. Major epidemics occurred only after ZIKV emerged in the Pacific islands and spread to the Americas. Specific biological determinants of the explosive epidemic nature of ZIKV have not been identified. Phylogenetic studies revealed incongruence in ZIKV placement in relation to Aedes-borne dengue viruses (DENV) and Culex-borne flaviviruses. We hypothesized that this incongruence reflects interspecies recombination resulting in ZIKV evasion of cross-protective T-cell immunity. We investigated ZIKV phylog...
Source: Antiviral Research - December 10, 2019 Category: Virology Authors: Gaunt MW, Gubler DJ, Pettersson JH, Kuno G, Wilder-Smith A, de Lamballerie X, Gould EA, Falconar AK Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: research
Global knowledge gaps in acute febrile illness etiologic investigations: A scoping review
ConclusionsWider implementation of standardized AFI reporting methods, with multi-pathogen disease detection, could improve comparability of study findings, knowledge of the range of AFI etiologies, and their contributions to the global AFI burden. These steps can guide resource allocation, strengthen outbreak detection and response, target prevention efforts, and improve clinical care, especially in resource-limited settings where disease control often relies on empiric treatment. PROSPERO: CRD42016035666. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - November 14, 2019 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Chulwoo Rhee Source Type: research
Fatal Zika virus infection in the Americas: A systematic review
Zika virus (ZIKV) was first isolated in 1947 from the blood of a sentinel monkey during studies of sylvatic yellow fever transmission in Uganda (Azevedo et al., 2016, Martinez-Pulgarin et al., 2016, Rodriguez-Morales, 2015). During the next 60 years, ZIKV was sporadically isolated from mosquitoes and from humans in various countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Since 2007, when ZIKV was associated with an outbreak occurred on Yap island in Micronesia (Azevedo et al., 2016, Duffy et al., 2009, Lanciotti et al., 2008, Martinez-Pulgarin et al., 2016, Rodriguez-Morales, 2015), outbreaks became more common, spreadi...
Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 5, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jaime A. Cardona-Ospina, Valentina Henao-SanMartin, Wilmer F. Acevedo-Mendoza, Katherinn Melissa Nasner-Posso, Dayron F. Mart ínez-Pulgarín, Abril Restrepo-López, Valentina Gallego-Valencia, Matthew H. Collins, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales Source Type: research
Parashewanella tropica sp. nov., a mesophilic bacterium isolated from a marine sponge from Chuuk lagoon, Federated States of Micronesia, and emended description of the genus Parashewanella.
Abstract
A mesophilic, straight-rod-shaped, non-flagellated bacterium, designated MEBiC05444T, was isolated from a marine sponge collected from Chuuk lagoon, Federated States of Micronesia. The strain was Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, and facultative anaerobic. The isolate aerobically grew at 8-38 °C (optimum, 24-32 °C), pH 4.0-10.0 (pH 7.0-7.5) with an absolute requirement for Na+ up to 6 % (w/v) NaCl (2 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that MEBiC05444T belonged to the family Shewanellaceae, within the class Gammaproteobacteria. Strain MEBiC054...
Source: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology - July 24, 2019 Category: Microbiology Authors: Namirimu T, Park MJ, Yang SH, Zo YG, Kwon KK Tags: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol Source Type: research
The profound oral cavity cancer burden in the United States Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: A global health opportunity
ConclusionThese results demonstrate concerning trends regarding alcohol, tobacco and betel nut use in the CNMI. Betel nut use is prevalent among APIs of nearly all ages, with the majority adding tobacco to their chew. The available data suggests a drastic oral cavity cancer burden in the CNMI. Efforts should be made to evaluate for effective means of primary and secondary prevention in API regions. (Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology)
Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology - July 20, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
