Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria: a new perspective on the management of obesity: an updated review
Conclusion:
A. muciniphila supplementation and the use of other approaches such as prebiotics or food components that increase the abundance of this bacterium in the gut microbiota population could be a novel valuable approach in the management of obesity. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - March 30, 2019 Category: Microbiology Tags: BACTERIOLOGY Source Type: research
Multilocus sequence typing and antibiotic resistant patterns of the meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from different clinical specimens
Conclusion:
ST238 strains, which were previously not found as MRSA, could now widely distribute in Iranian population. In addition, the resistance rate of MRSA strains against multiple classes of antibiotics should be considered when selecting empirical antibiotics for MRSA infections in Iran. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - March 30, 2019 Category: Microbiology Tags: BACTERIOLOGY Source Type: research
An overview of tetracyclines and related resistance mechanisms
Tetracyclines are one of the most well known antimicrobial agents. These are often prescribed against Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. The latest studies indicate that the resistance to tetracyclines is rising throughout the world. The aim of this study was to find out more about the reasons behind bacterial resistance to tetracycline. We performed a selective literature search by studying several articles which mentioned tetracyclines and their resistance mechanisms in various bacteria. We found that a rise in antibiotic resistance to tetracyclines is alarming. The most important mechanisms are ribosomal protect...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: BACTERIOLOGY Source Type: research
Export pathways and mechanisms in secretion of proteins among bacterial pathogens
A large population of bacteria represents one of the common and widely distributed pathogens affecting cultivated animals and humans, in general. Protein secretion is a crucial aspect of bacterial life processes, which is important not only for pathogenesis but also for their virulence. The current review attempts to provide a concise overview of the secretory systems operating in bacteria (T1SS–T9SS), basic organizations of the systems, the molecules secreted by them and the functions achieved thereafter. In addition, the scope extends to understanding the role of secretory proteins in pathogenesis. (Source: Reviews in ...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: BACTERIOLOGY Source Type: research
Direct detection, capsular typing and β-lactamase resistance genes in Haemophilus influenzae isolated from sinusitis samples
Conclusion:
Our data suggest that the conventional PCR can help increase detection rates of bacterial cause of sinusitis and resistance genes in clinical samples for effective treatment in individual sensitive to invasive infection. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: BACTERIOLOGY Source Type: research
Overview development and applications of CRISPR-Cas systems after a decade of research with a glance at anti-CRISPR proteins
CRISPR and its associated proteins that are called, the CRISPR-Cas systems, confers adaptive immunity against exogenic elements in many bacteria and also most archaea. Unlike the restriction modification system that provides a defense against any foreign DNA lacking a protective methyl-tag in the target site, the CRISPR-Cas systems are invader-specific, adaptive, and heritable. This immunity is gained by integrating short fragments of foreign DNA into CRISPR loci. CRISPR-derived transcripts assemble with Cas proteins to target similar foreign nucleic acids for degradation. Moreover, in recent years investigation of anti-CR...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: BACTERIOLOGY Source Type: research
Virulence factors genotyping of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from Baghdad
Seventy of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates had been collected from some Hospitals in Baghdad city from October to December 2017. The 70 isolates were taken from diverse clinical specimens. All K. pneumoniae isolates were identified based on API 20 E and Vitek2 compact system. Antibiotics sensitivity test was carried out toward 10 antibiotics using discs diffusion method. The level of antibiotics resistance was 81.42% for Ceftriaxone, whereas the low level of antibiotics resistance was 37.14% for Piperacillin. K. pneumoniae isolates were typed genotypically by using two different methods of amplification, multiplex-PCR and e...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: BACTERIOLOGY Source Type: research
Anticariogenic and antibiofilm of purified bacteriocin of Lactobacillus curvatus and immunomodulatory effect of L. curvatus in streptococcal bacteremia
The objective of this study was purification and characterization of curvatcin LHM from Lactobacillus curvatus, evaluation of its antibacterial activity against S. mutans and S. sanguinis and evaluation the effect of minimum inhibitory concentration of curvatcin LHM and chlorohexidine on biofilm formation as well as, study the effect of L. curvatus as immunomodulator. Curvatcin LHM was isolated and purified from L. curvatus culture. Purified and crude curvatcin LHM exhibited bactericidal action against S. mutans and S. sanguinis isolates in vitro. Significant differences (P (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: BACTERIOLOGY Source Type: research
The relationship between inflammatory markers extracted from complete blood count and active pulmonary tuberculosis
Conclusion:
RPR is a novel useful inflammatory marker easily done and calculated from a routine CBC report which can be used as a supportive available markers to help the management of patients suffering from active PTB. The inclusion of RPR in all CBC reports is recommended. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: BACTERIOLOGY Source Type: research
The diabetes pandemic and associated infections: suggestions for clinical microbiology
There are 425 million people with diabetes mellitus in the world. By 2045, this figure will grow to over 600 million. Diabetes mellitus is classified among noncommunicable diseases. Evidence points to a key role of microbes in diabetes mellitus, both as infectious agents associated with the diabetic status and as possible causative factors of diabetes mellitus. This review takes into account the different forms of diabetes mellitus, the genetic determinants that predispose to type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (especially those with possible immunologic impact), the immune dysfunctions that have been documented in diabete...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: VIROLOGY Source Type: research
Mayo Clinic Antimicrobial Therapy Quick Guide by John W. Wilson and Lynn L. Estes (Editors), ISBN 9780190696924
No abstract available (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - October 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: Book Review Source Type: research
Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of some medicinal plants against multidrug resistance pathogens
Medicinal plants are traditionally used for the treatment of human infections. The aim of the current study was to evaluate antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities; the crude of hexane, methanol and chloroform extracts from the leaves of Catharanthus roseus, Bixa orellana, Azadirachta indica and Dracaena sanderiana was assayed against two fungi and four bacteria using broth microdilution method and MTT assay. The methanol leaf extracts of B. orellana showed a significant activity against Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans with minimum inhibitory concentrations 5...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - October 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
Silymarin and curcumin effects on virulence and carbapenemase genes among multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates
Objective
: Silymarin and curcumin antimicrobial properties have been previously described against some infectious agents. The aims of the current study were the investigation of the antibacterial effects of these compounds on the expression of fimA, cdt, blaIMP1 and blaOXA-48 and AcrAB-TolC genes among multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
Methods
: A total of five carbapenemase-producing E. coli strains were included. All of them carried blaIMP1 and blaOXA-48, ACR-AB, cdt, fimA and QepA genes. The antibiotic susceptibility test, imipenem, cefotaxime and ceftazidime minimum inhibitory concentration ...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - October 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
Carbapenem and colistin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: worldwide spread and future perspectives
Carbapenems and colistin antibiotics are the major weapons against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacea, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter koseri, Serratia spp., Morganella morganii and Salmonella spp. have been reported as carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae members. Carbapenem resistance mostly occurs by means of some enzymes such as classes A, B and D carbapenemases. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases, K. pneumoniae carbapenemase, imipenemase metallo-β-lactamase, Verona in...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - October 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
Drug resistance of clinical and environmental isolates of Brucella species in Iran: a meta-analysis
Conclusion:
Our study revealed that the prevalence of drug resistance of Brucella species isolated from clinical and environmental samples in Iran was acceptable and low. However, care should be exercised in the use of common antibiotics for the treatment of brucellosis to prevent the spread of drug resistance. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - October 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
