Probiotics for treating bacterial vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis is said to be the most common vaginal syndrome affecting fertile, premenopausal, and pregnant women. Bacterial vaginosis is associated with important adverse health conditions and infectious complications. Therapy with oral or local recommended antibiotics is often associated with failure and high rates of recurrences. The dominance of lactobacilli in healthy vaginal microbiota and its depletion in bacterial vaginosis has given rise to the concept of oral or vaginal use of probiotic Lactobacillus strains for the treatment and prevention of bacterial vaginosis. This review investigated the evidence for t...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - June 6, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
Actinomycosis of hand: a case report
We present a case report of actinomycosis of the hand. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - June 6, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
Monitoring and evaluation of lymphatic filariasis interventions: current trends for diagnosis
Lymphatic filariasis is caused by three closely related nematode parasites: Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugia timori. Accurate detection of W. bancrofti microfilaria is essential to measure the impact of community treatment programs. PCR-based assays are specific, highly sensitive tools allowing the detection of W. bancrofti DNA in human blood samples. The purpose of this review was to monitor and evaluate lymphatic filariasis interventions based on various PCR protocols designed to enhance its sensitivity and usefulness for population-based studies. These species have many ecological variants that differ in s...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Parasitology Source Type: research
A case of suspected Escherichia coli-associated meningitis accompanied by human bocavirus detection in the cerebrospinal fluid of a 13-day-old newborn
Conclusion: Although an etiological role of HBoV cannot be proven in this clinical case, the observations made confirm those from earlier studies. There appear to be a small number of cases in which HBoV – actively or passively – is able to pass the blood–brain barrier and contribute to clinical disease. Taking into account that there are a large number of neurological cases in which no pathogen can be detected, we suggest that detection of HBoV be included in routine cerebrospinal fluid screening protocols, particularly multiplex diagnostic assays. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Virology Source Type: research
Naturally occurring core internal deletion mutations of hepatitis B virus gene in chronic genotype B-infected adult
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of the core internal deletion (CID) mutations in the genome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from chronically HBV-infected adults in Nanchang city and to elucidate the location of the CID in the HBV genome. PCR was applied to amplify the DNA region containing the enhancer II and the core promoter and the pre-C/C gene from the sera of 205 patients with chronic hepatitis B. Eight patients (3.90%, 8/205) had two products including a smaller band and a band of the expected 840 bp. Only two patients (0.98%, 2/205) had a smaller band. The presence of the CID mutation was determined in a...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Virology Source Type: research
Acute diarrhoea caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Give infections in male prisoners: a case report
Conclusion: According to our knowledge, this is the first study to report the case of Salmonella Give-associated gastroenteritis in Central Europe. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometry for typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and a review of the literature
We present the typing results (compared with multilocus sequence typing) of 290 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates by MALDI-TOFMS and a review of the literature about the application of MALDI-TOFMS on the molecular typing of other pathogens. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
A review of virulence factors, pathogenesis, and antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen associated with serious community and hospital-acquired diseases and has long been considered as a major problem of public health. This potent Gram-positive bacterium is able to bypass all barriers of the host defense system as it possesses a wide spectrum of virulence factors. S. aureus is also one of the prominent pathogens in biofilm-related infections of indwelling medical devices, which are responsible for billions in healthcare cost each year in the United States. S. aureus expresses a large number of virulence factors that are implicated in their pathogenesis. Methicillin-r...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
Misidentification of Brucella spp. from blood culture
Brucella species cause serious infections in humans and animals, and are a potential pathogen used for bioterrorism. Isolation of the pathogen from blood culture is the gold standard for confirmative diagnosis of brucellosis. The rapid detection and identification of the pathogen is vital not only to provide timely treatment but also to avoid laboratory-acquired infection. Conventional microbiological techniques such as API 20NE and automated identification systems can cause misidentification of Brucella species. Only a few articles review the misidentification of Brucella species; however, the consequence of misidentifica...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
Farewell from the Editor-in-Chief Curtis Gemmell
No abstract available (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: General Issues Source Type: research
On our own account: new features in Reviews in Medical Microbiology
No abstract available (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - April 1, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: General Issues Source Type: research
Fusobacterium necrophorum from pericoronitis resulting in disseminated intravascular coagulation: a case report and review of literature
It has been reported that complication due to Fusobacterium necrophorum may lead to disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with septicaemia, capable of platelet aggregation and coagulation factor activation. Here, we present a case report of a 43-year-old male patient with F. necrophorum pericoronitis, followed by septicaemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The patient was treated with intravenous metronidazole and imipenem, and recovered thereafter. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 29, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Isolation of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a patient with burn injury
In conclusion, we suggest physicians to consider vancomycin-resistant S. aureus as a probable cause of infection in hospitalized patients, especially in wards with high drug-resistance rates, such as burns units. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 29, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
First report of an extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Raoultella ornithinolytica and a porin deficiency (OmpK35 absence) which was misidentified as Klebsiella oxytoca by an automated microbial identification system
Raoultella ornithinolytica is an encapsulated Gram-negative aerobic bacillus belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Originally it used to be a member of Klebsiella. However, in the year 2001, R. ornithinolytica was reclassified as a new genus type from the Klebsiella species along with two others, and this was based on new genetic approaches. Occurrence of Raoultella in human infections is rare, and its successful identification is confusing. We herein report a misidentification of R. ornithinolytica by the VITEK-2 Compact automatic microbial identification system (VITEK-2 AMS), but matrix-assisted laser desorption/io...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 29, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Hospital water and prevention of waterborne infections
The hospital water system may constitute a reservoir for microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Legionella pneumophila, Acinetobacter spp., mycetes, non-tubercular mycobacteria, and so on, which can cause healthcare-associated infections. Indeed, it has been revealed that 20–50% of cases of nosocomial colonization/infection due to P. aeruginosa are sustained by waterborne strains.
Waterborne infections can be spread not only through the ingestion of contaminated water but also by contact with or the inhalation of aerosols. Immunocompromised patients are particu...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - December 29, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research
