Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever: a report of four cases
Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an often fatal viral infection described in about 30 countries worldwide. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected tick and via direct contact with blood or tissue from infected humans and livestock. In this article, we report four cases of CCHF disease in men of age 21, 28, 29, and 33 years. Two patients were butchers and two were farmers. CCHF should be considered in patients with fever, bleeding, and low platelet counts. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - January 1, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Case Presentations Source Type: research
Leptospiral outer membrane proteins and fibronectin in host–pathogen interaction
Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by the spirochaete Leptospira, which is an invasive pathogen. There are more than 200 serovars of the pathogen, causing significant morbidity and mortality especially in tropical countries. Many Third World countries report outbreaks of leptospirosis during the rainy season. The last few decades witnessed an increase in awareness of the biology and pathogenesis of leptospirosis, its life-cycle, infection, disease development, clinical manifestations of leptospirosis, immune response, and mode of dissemination. Although not fully understood, a considerable amount of info...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - January 1, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Pathogenicity Source Type: research
Roles of integrons in the antimicrobial resistance of Gram-positive microorganisms
Gram-positive microorganisms comprise one of the leading pathogenic microorganisms in public health, including several ‘Superbugs’ such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, which have posed a dilemma for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by Gram-positive bacteria and will consequently result in an increasing number of clinical failures. Integrons have been established as a significant resistance determinant and shown to contribute to the multiresistance of microorganisms; however, its role in antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive microorganisms still remains...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - January 1, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Antibiotic Resistance Source Type: research
HIV and parasite co-infection epidemiology: a scope since 2005
Parasites have been the cause of one of the most common forms of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients, and several of these causative agents can worsen the clinical situation of the HIV-infected patients. The principal forms of intestinal parasitic infections in non-immunocompromised patients include cryptosporiosis, isosporidiosis and microsporidiosis, whereas strongyloidiasis, leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis are the most important causes of parasitic systemic infections reported in HIV-infected patients. It has been shown that parasitic infections could simulate HIV replication and accelerate disease progres...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - January 1, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Virology Source Type: research
HIV-associated osteoporosis
AIDS is a disease, caused by the HIV belonging to the retroviral family, transmitted through blood, body fluids and unprotected sexual contact that may involve a number of complications of immune, cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. Antiretroviral drugs are usually used in treatment. Mild bone loss occurs with the start of antiretroviral treatment. Bone mass seems to be constant and improved in prolonged use of antiretrovirals. Oral and parenteral bisphosphonates are useful in patients, and they are referred to first-line treatment to prevent frailty and bone rupture. (Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology)
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - January 1, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Virology Source Type: research
