A nineteen-year report of serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric non-typhoidal Salmonella from humans in Southern India: changing facades of taxonomy and resistance trend
ConclusionsBased on this study, the faecal NTS isolates have high resistance rates against first line antimicrobial agents except chloramphenicol. The gradual but consistent increase in resistance to fluoroquinolones, third generation cephalosporins and macrolide may restrict future treatment options. Hence periodic monitoring of NTS infections, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance trend is recommended. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - October 23, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
MiR-146a rs2910164 G & gt; C polymorphism modulates Notch-1/IL-6 signaling during infection: a possible risk factor for Crohn’s disease
ConclusionsThe data clearly associates miR-146ars2910164 GC with an overactive immune response and increases the risk to acquire infection. The study is even more relevant now in our efforts to understand susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of COVID-19. This study suggests that genetic variations among COVID-19 patients may predict who is at a higher risk of acquiring infection, developing exacerbating symptoms, and possibly death. A high scale study with more clinical samples from different disease groups is planned. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - October 15, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
How to boost the immune defence prior to respiratory virus infections with the special focus on coronavirus infections
AbstractThe emergence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes severe respiratory tract infections in humans (COVID-19), has become a global health concern. One of the most worrying features of COVID-19 is a phenomenon known as the “cytokine storm”, which is a rapid overreaction of the immune system. Additionally, coagulation abnormalities, thrombocytopenia and digestive symptoms, including anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea, are often observed in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Baker’s yeast β-glucan, a natural im munomodulatory component derived fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae, primes the immune system ...
Source: Gut Pathogens - October 12, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Fusobacterium nucleatum infection correlates with two types of microsatellite alterations in colorectal cancer and triggers DNA damage
AbstractFusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is frequently found in colorectal cancers (CRCs). High loads ofFn DNA are detected in CRC tissues with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H), or with theCpG island hypermethylation phenotype (CIMP).Fn infection is also associated with the inflammatory tumor microenvironment of CRC. A subtype of CRC exhibits inflammation-associated microsatellite alterations (IAMA), which are characterized by microsatellite instability-low (MSI-L) and/or an elevated level of microsatellite alterations at selected tetra-nucleotide repeats (EMAST). Here we describe two independent CRC cohorts in which he...
Source: Gut Pathogens - September 28, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
In vivo animal models confirm an increased virulence potential and pathogenicity of the NAP1/RT027/ST01 genotype within the Clostridium difficile MLST Clade 2
ConclusionsDespite their close phylogenic relatedness, our results demonstrate differences in pathogenicity and virulence levels in Clade 2C. difficile strains, confirm the high severity of infections caused by the NAP1/RT027/ST01 strain, and highlight the importance ofC. difficile typing. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - September 21, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Plasmid mediated colistin resistant mcr -1 and co-existence of OXA -48 among Escherichia coli from clinical and poultry isolates: first report from Nepal
ConclusionsThe high prevalence of colistin and carbapenem resistant genes, and their co-existence in plasmid DNA ofE. coli isolates in this study suggests the possible spread to other animal, human and environmental pathogens. Molecular methods in addition to the conventional diagnostics in laboratories can help in early diagnosis, effective management and control of their potential transmission. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - September 16, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Mechanisms and microbial influences on CTLA-4 and PD-1-based immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer: a narrative review
ConclusionThe creation of oncomicrobiotics may allow many patients receiving anti-CTLA-4 and PD-1 immunotherapy to experience prolonged survival and a better quality of life. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - September 9, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Genetic relatedness of the Enterococcus faecalis isolates in stool and urine samples of patients with community-acquired urinary tract infection
ConclusionsSimilarity ofE. faecalis strains between the urine and feces samples confirmed the occurrence of endogenous infection via contamination with colonized bacteria in the intestinal tract. Carriage of a complete virulence genotype in the responsible strains was statistically in correlation with endogenous UTI, which shows their possible involvement in pathogenicity of uropathogenicE. faecalis strains. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - September 8, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The prophylactic effects of BIFICO on the antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis and gut microbiota
ConclusionsBIFICO may reduce the occurrence of AIGD in a dose-dependent manner and can stabilize the gut microbiota balance. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - September 8, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Genome sequences of two clinical Escherichia coli isolates harboring the novel colistin-resistance gene variants mcr - 1.26 and mcr - 1.27
ConclusionsHere we present the draft sequences ofE. coli isolate 803-18 carrying the novel variantmcr-1.26 and isolate 844-14 carrying the novel variantmcr-1.27. The results highlight the increasing issue of transferable colistin resistance. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - September 2, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Efficacy of tailored second-line therapy of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with clarithromycin-based treatment failure: a multicenter prospective study
ConclusionsTBQT was more effective than LBQT as a second-line strategy after CBQT failure. In the absence of antibiotic susceptibility testing, AFEB therapy might be used as a rescue therapy to eradicateH. pylori and avoid levofloxacin resistance.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn): ChiCTR1900027743. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - August 28, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Molecular characteristics of the VP1 region of enterovirus 71 strains in China
ConclusionThe C4 genotype of EV71 in China matches the vaccine and should effectively control EV71. However, the efficacy of the vaccine is partially affected by the continuous change in epidemic strains in Taiwan. These results suggest that the genetic characteristics of the EV71-VP1 region should be continuously monitored, which is critical for epidemic control and vaccine design to prevent EV71 infection in children. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - August 13, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Enteric parasitic infection disturbs bacterial structure in Mexican children with autoantibodies for type 1 diabetes and/or celiac disease
ConclusionsCryptosporidium andCyclospora affected the bacterial structure at family and genus levels, decreasing the ratio between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in children with auto-antibodies for T1D or CD, which could increase the risk of illness onset. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - August 10, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Associations between polymorphisms in IL - 10 gene and the risk of viral hepatitis: a meta-analysis
ConclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrates that rs1800871 ( − 819 C/T), rs1800872 (− 592 C/A) and rs1800896 (− 1082 G/A) polymorphisms may influence the risk of viral hepatitis in Asians, while only rs1800896 (− 1082 G/A) polymorphism may influence the risk of viral hepatitis in Caucasians. In further analyses by disease subtypes, we noticed that the three investigated polymorphisms may influence the risk of both HBV and HCV. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - July 27, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Evaluation of multiplex ARMS-PCR for detection of Helicobacter pylori mutations conferring resistance to clarithromycin and levofloxacin
ConclusionsOur assay demonstrated high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for detection of clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistantH. pylori. Based on proven accuracy, together with high efficiency, scalability and low cost, our assay has useful clinical utility for rapid diagnosis of clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistantH. pylori infections. Our assay results will provide patients with a clear diagnosis, enabling the treating clinician to administer the most effective antibiotic regimen to help the clear the infection. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - July 9, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
