Role of fecal calprotectin as a hypoxic intestinal damage biomarker in COVID-19 patients
ConclusionOur findings support the potential role of fecal calprotectin as a biomarker of intestinal inflammation in COVID-19 as a consequence of hypoxic intestinal damage and as suggested by the reduced P/F ratio. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - August 9, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The effect of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli colonization on the gut morphology, functional integrity, and microbiota composition of female turkeys
ConclusionsIn sum,C. jejuni affects gut health and may interfere with productivity in turkeys. Despite a higher cecal load, the impact ofC. coli on investigated parameters was less pronounced. Interestingly, gut morphology and functional integrity were also less affected in co-inoculated animals while theC. jejuni load decreased over time, suggestingC. coli may outcompeteC. jejuni. Since a microbiota shift was observed in all inoculated groups, futureCampylobacter intervention strategies may involve stabilization of the gut microbiota, making it more resilient toCampylobacter colonization in the first place. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - August 3, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Differences in epidemiology of enteropathogens in children pre- and post-rotavirus vaccine introduction in Kilifi, coastal Kenya
ConclusionsIn this rural Coastal Kenya setting, childhood enteropathogen infection burden was high both pre- and post-rotavirus vaccination introduction. Children who had diarrheal admissions post-vaccination showed an increase in coinfections and changes in specific enteropathogen positivity rates. This study highlights the utility of multipathogen detection platforms such as TAC in understanding etiology of childhood acute gastroenteritis in resource-limited regions. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - August 1, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Rapid screening for antigenic characterization of GII.17 norovirus strains with variations in capsid gene
In this study, we screened a panel of GII.17 mutants. First, we produced norovirus P proteins using cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) system, comparing the results to pure proteins expressed in a cell-based system. Next, we determined the binding capability of specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) 2D11 using a unique set of wild-type GII.17 strains. Results of the EIA involving a panel of mutant cell-free proteins indicated that Q298 was the key residue within loop 1. These data highlighted the essential residues in the linear antibody binding characteristics of novel GII.17. Furthermore, it supported the CFPS as a promising...
Source: Gut Pathogens - July 25, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation
ConclusionsGSSE exerts beneficial effects in obese rats and restores, at least partially, the observed dysbiosis. GSOR induced the highest beneficial effect. Moreover, the various treatments could also enhance physiological and GM modifications in non obese rats. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - July 6, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes the development of acute liver failure by inhibiting the NAD+ salvage metabolic pathway
ConclusionsFusobacterium nucleatum coordinates a molecular network including NAD+ and SIRT1 to control the progress of ALF. Detection and targeting ofF. nucleatum and its related pathways may provide valuable insights for the treatment of ALF. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - June 28, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Genome analysis and virulence gene expression profile of a multi drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ms202
ConclusionsOur study raises a vital concern about the potential diffusion of a novel multi-drug resistantS. enterica Typhimurium ms202. It justifies this clinical pathogen to demonstrate a higher degree survival due to higher expression of virulent genes and enhanced ability of metallic ion acquisition. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - June 28, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The emerging role of neutrophilic extracellular traps in intestinal disease
AbstractNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular reticular fibrillar structures composed of DNA, histones, granulins and cytoplasmic proteins that are delivered externally by neutrophils in response to stimulation with various types of microorganisms, cytokines and host molecules, etc. NET formation has been extensively demonstrated to trap, immobilize, inactivate and kill invading microorganisms and acts as a form of innate response against pathogenic invasion. However, NETs are a double-edged sword. In the event of imbalance between NET formation and clearance, excessive NETs not only directly inflict tiss...
Source: Gut Pathogens - June 22, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The gut metagenomics and metabolomics signature in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
This study examined the fecal metagenomics and metabolomic changes in IBD patients. A total of 30 fecal samples were collected from 15 IBD patients and 15 healthy controls for 16S rDNA gene sequencing and UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS detection of metabolomics. Results showed that there was a severe perturbation of gut bacteria community composition, diversity, metabolites, and associated functions and metabolic pathways in IBD. This included a significantly decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, increased disease-associated phyla such as Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and increasedEscherichiacoli andKlebsiellapneumonia...
Source: Gut Pathogens - June 21, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Potential impact of gut Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum on hepatic histopathological changes in non-cirrhotic hepatitis C virus patients with different viral load
ConclusionsThe progression of hepatic fibrosis in HCV chronically infected patients seems to be plausible based on finding the alteredLactobacillus acidophilus andBifidobacterium bifidum gut microbiota composition. Thus, modulation of these microbiota seems to be a promising target for prevention and control of HCV infection. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - June 15, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Levofloxacin versus clarithromycin for Helicobacter pylori eradication: are 14 day regimens better than 10 day regimens?
ConclusionsResults from this study support the use of a levofloxacin-based regimen as a first-line therapy in the treatment ofH. pylori infection for 14 days regardless of diabetes and EGD findings. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - June 6, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Establishment of a gnotobiotic pig model of Clostridioides difficile infection and disease
AbstractClostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is a gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobic bacterium known to be the most common cause of hospital-acquired and antibiotic-associated diarrhea.C. difficile infection rates are on the rise worldwide and treatment options are limited, indicating a clear need for novel therapeutics. Gnotobiotic piglets are an excellent model to reproduce the acute pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) caused byC. difficile due to their physiological similarities to humans and high susceptibility to infection. Here, we established a gnotobiotic pig model ofC. difficile infection and disease using a hy...
Source: Gut Pathogens - June 6, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Complete genome sequences and genomic characterization of five plasmids harbored by environmentally persistent Cronobacter sakazakii strains ST83 H322 and ST64 GK1025B obtained from powdered infant formula manufacturing facilities
ConclusionThese data provide high resolution information onC. sakazakii genomes and emphasizes the need for furthering surveillance studies to link genotype to phenotype of strains from previous investigations. These results provide baseline data necessary for future in-depth investigations ofC. sakazakii that colonize PIF manufacturing facility settings and genomic analyses of these twoC. sakazakii strains and five associated plasmids will contribute to a better understanding of this pathogen's survival and persistence within various “built environments” like PIF manufacturing facilities. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - June 6, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Designing a novel multi-epitope vaccine to evoke a robust immune response against pathogenic multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacterium
AbstractEnterococcus faecium is an emerging ESKAPE bacterium that is capable of causing severe public health complications in humans. There are currently no licensed treatments or vaccinations to combat the deadly pathogen. We aimed to design a potent and novel prophylactic chimeric vaccine againstE. faecium through an immunoinformatics approach The antigenic Penicillin-binding protein 5 (PBP 5) protein was selected to identify B and T cell epitopes, followed by conservancy analysis, population coverage, physiochemical assessment, secondary and tertiary structural analysis. Using various immunoinformatics methods and tools...
Source: Gut Pathogens - May 27, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Adverse events of intestinal microbiota transplantation in randomized controlled trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionCurrently, IMT is widely used in many diseases, but its associated AEs should not be ignored. To improve the safety of IMT, patients' conditions should be fully evaluated before IMT, appropriate transplantation methods should be selected, each operative step of faecal bacteria transplantation should be strictly controlled, AE management mechanisms should be improved, and a close follow-up system should be established. (Source: Gut Pathogens)
Source: Gut Pathogens - May 26, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
