Analysis of circulating angiopoietin-like protein 3 and genetic variants in lipid metabolism and liver health: the DiOGenes study
ConclusionWe clarify the link between circulating levels of ANGPTL3 and specific markers of liver function. We demonstrate that changes in ANGPLT3 and CK-18 during LCD are under genetic control fromtrans-acting variants. Our results suggest an extended function of ANGPTL3 in the inflammatory state of liver steatosis and toward liver metabolic processes. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - April 2, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
High-fat diet modifies expression of hepatic cellular senescence gene p16(INK4a) through chromatin modifications in adult male rats
ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that HF diet regulated cellular senescence marker p16(INK4a) through chromatin modifications, which may promote hepatic fat accumulation and steatosis. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 14, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Studying microbial functionality within the gut ecosystem by systems biology
AbstractHumans are not autonomous entities. We are all living in a complex environment, interacting not only with our peers, but as true holobionts; we are also very much in interaction with our coexisting microbial ecosystems living on and especially within us, in the intestine. Intestinal microorganisms, often collectively referred to as intestinal microbiota, contribute significantly to our daily energy uptake by breaking down complex carbohydrates into simple sugars, which are fermented to short-chain fatty acids and subsequently absorbed by human cells. They also have an impact on our immune system, by suppressing or ...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 6, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
FTO genotype, dietary protein intake, and body weight in a multiethnic population of young adults: a cross-sectional study
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that high dietary protein intake may protect against the effects of risk variants in theFTO gene on BMI and waist circumference. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - February 20, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Guidelines for Biomarker of Food Intake Reviews (BFIRev): how to conduct an extensive literature search for biomarker of food intake discovery
AbstractIdentification of new biomarkers of food and nutrient intake has developed fast over the past two decades and could potentially provide important new tools for compliance monitoring and dietary intake assessment in nutrition and health science. In recent years, metabolomics has played an important role in identifying a large number of putative biomarkers of food intake (BFIs). However, the large body of scientific literature on potential BFIs outside the metabolomics area should also be taken into account. In particular, we believe that extensive literature reviews should be conducted and that the quality of all su...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - February 20, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
An update on vitamin B12-related gene polymorphisms and B12 status
ConclusionOverall, the data analyzed suggests that ethnic-specific associations are involved in the genetic determination of vitamin B12 concentrations. However, despite recent success in genetic studies, the majority of identified genes that could explain variation in vitamin B12 concentrations were from Caucasian populations. Further research utilizing larger sample sizes of non-Caucasian populations is necessary in order to better understand these ethnic-specific associations. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - February 6, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Genetic polymorphisms of antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD affect the outcome of clinical, biochemical, and anthropometric variables in people with obesity under a dietary intervention
ConclusionPeople with obesity display different response in several CV, BV, and AV after a nutritional intervention, depending on the antioxidant genetic background of SOD and CAT enzymes. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - January 8, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Proposed guidelines to evaluate scientific validity and evidence for genotype-based dietary advice
AbstractNutrigenetic research examines the effects of inter-individual differences in genotype on responses to nutrients and other food components, in the context of health and of nutrient requirements. A practical application of nutrigenetics is the use of personal genetic information to guide recommendations for dietary choices that are more efficacious at the individual or genetic subgroup level relative to generic dietary advice. Nutrigenetics is unregulated, with no defined standards, beyond some commercially adopted codes of practice. Only a few official nutrition-related professional bodies have embraced the subject...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - December 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
A scheme for a flexible classification of dietary and health biomarkers
AbstractBiomarkers are an efficient means to examine intakes or exposures and their biological effects and to assess system susceptibility. Aided by novel profiling technologies, the biomarker research field is undergoing rapid development and new putative biomarkers are continuously emerging in the scientific literature. However, the existing concepts for classification of biomarkers in the dietary and health area may be ambiguous, leading to uncertainty about their application. In order to better understand the potential of biomarkers and to communicate their use and application, it is imperative to have a solid scheme f...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - December 12, 2017 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Fructose ingestion impairs expression of genes involved in skeletal muscle ’s adaptive response to aerobic exercise
ConclusionsOur results show that fructose ingestion impairs the expression of genes involved in biological processes relevant to exercise-induced remodeling of skeletal muscle. This might provide novel insight on how a dietary factor contributes to the genesis of disorders of glucose metabolism. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - December 8, 2017 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Ranges of phenotypic flexibility in healthy subjects
ConclusionThe results of the metabolic PhenFlex test in conjunction with the health space reliably assessed health on an individual basis. This quantification can be used in the future for personalized health quantification and advice. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - December 6, 2017 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Synbiotic effects of β-glucans from cauliflower mushroom and Lactobacillus fermentum on metabolic changes and gut microbiome in estrogen-deficient rats
ConclusionOVX changed gut microbiota and was associated with menopausal symptoms; however, the synbiotics, CFM and LFE, prevented menopausal symptoms and improved the gut microbiota in estrogen-deficient rats. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - November 9, 2017 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
A prospective study of dietary and supplemental zinc intake and risk of type 2 diabetes depending on genetic variation in SLC30A8
ConclusionsZinc supplementation and a high zinc to iron intake ratio may lower the risk of T2D, but these associations could be modified by obesity and theSLC30A8 genotype. The findings implicate that when considering zinc supplementation for T2D prevention, both obesity status andSLC30A8 genotype may need to be accounted for. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - October 30, 2017 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Gene-nutrient interactions and susceptibility to human obesity
The objective of this review article is to provide concise and updated information on energy balance, heritability of body weight, origins of gene variants, and gene-nutrient interactions in relation to human obesity. It is proposed that knowledge of these related topics will provide valuable insight for future preventative lifestyle intervention using targeted nutritional and medicinal therapies. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - October 30, 2017 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Impact of supplementation with a food-derived microbial community on obesity-associated inflammation and gut microbiota composition
ConclusionsTaken together, these results indicate a protective effect of MBC microbiota supplementation toward HFD-induced fat accumulation and triglyceride and cholesterol levels, as well as inflammation, suggesting a stronger effect of a mixed microbial consortium vs single-strain probiotic supplementation. The immunomodulatory activity exerted by the MBC microbiota could be due to synergistic interactions within the microbial consortium, highlighting the important role of dietary microbes with yet uncharacterised probiotic effect. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - October 4, 2017 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
