Ancient pathogen-driven adaptation triggers increased susceptibility to non-celiac wheat sensitivity in present-day European populations
Conclusions
This led to considerably higher occurrence of the former haplotype in Western people than in Africans and East Asians, suggesting that they might be more prone to side effects related to the consumption of modern wheat varieties. Accordingly, this study contributed to shed new light on some of the mechanisms potentially involved in the disease etiology and on the evolutionary bases of its present-day epidemiological patterns. Moreover, overrepresentation of disease homozygotes for the dis-adaptive haplotype plausibly accounts for their even more enhanced CXCR3-axis expression and for their...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 22, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Liver-specific NG37 overexpression leads to diet-dependent fatty liver disease accompanied by cardiac dysfunction
Conclusions
The dramatic high-fat diet-dependent symptoms (increased body weight, cardiac enlargement, fatty liver, and cardiac arrhythmias) characterized in our liver-specific NG37 overexpression mouse model identifies NG37 as a gene encoding latent lipid metabolism pathology induced only in the presence of an environmental factor relevant to human health: high-fat diet. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 20, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Differences in genome-wide gene expression response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells between young and old men upon caloric restriction
Conclusions
Based on the gene expression data, we theorise that a short period of CR is not effective in old men regarding immune-related pathways while it is effective in young men.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00561145 (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 5, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Erratum to: The PNPLA3 Ile148Met interacts with overweight and dietary intakes on fasting triglyceride levels
(Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - April 24, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Biomarkers for nutrient intake with focus on alternative sampling techniques
Abstract
Biomarkers of nutrient intake or nutrient status are important objective measures of foods/nutrients as one of the most important environmental factors people are exposed to. It is very difficult to obtain accurate data on individual food intake, and there is a large variation of nutrient composition of foods consumed in a population. Thus, it is difficult to obtain precise measures of exposure to different nutrients and thereby be able to understand the relationship between diet, health, and disease. This is the background for investing considerable resources in studying biomarkers of nutrient...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - April 15, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Several type 2 diabetes-associated variants in genes annotated to WNT signaling interact with dietary fiber in relation to incidence of type 2 diabetes
Conclusions
Our results suggest that several type 2 diabetes susceptibility SNPs in genes involved in WNT signaling may interact with dietary fiber intake on type 2 diabetes incidence. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 21, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Circulating microRNAs are deregulated in overweight/obese children: preliminary results of the I.Family study
Conclusions
This pilot study shows that three circulating miRNAs are differentially regulated in OW/Ob as compared with NW children. Although causal pathways cannot be firmly inferred by these results, that deserve confirmation in larger samples, it is conceivable that circulating miRNAs may be novel biomarkers of obesity and related metabolic disturbances. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 21, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Expression of cardiac insulin signalling genes and proteins in rats fed a high-sucrose diet: effect of bilberry anthocyanin extract
Conclusions
SF lowered antioxidant capacity and changed the expression of insulin signalling genes, which were modulated by BAcn. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 17, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Effect of a diet enriched with omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on the pig liver transcriptome
In conclusion, a diet enriched with omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids altered the transcriptomic profile of the pig liver and would influence animal health status. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 17, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Comparative anti-inflammatory and lipid-normalizing effects of metformin and omega-3 fatty acids through modulation of transcription factors in diabetic rats
Conclusions
The present study demonstrates potential beneficial effects of metformin and flax/fish oil intervention in improving serum lipid profile by regulating the expression of transcription factors and genes involved in lipid metabolism in diabetic rats. In addition, these interventions also lowered the expression of atherogenic cytokines. The protective effects of flax/fish oil are worth investigating in human subjects on metformin monotherapy. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 17, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Effects of a healthy Nordic diet on gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to an oral glucose tolerance test in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a SYSDIET sub-study
Conclusions
A healthy ND is able to modify the gene expression in PBMCs after a 2hOGTT. However, more studies are needed to clarify the biological and clinical relevance of these findings. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 17, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Methyl group donors abrogate adaptive responses to dietary restriction in C. elegans
Conclusions
In conclusion, supplementation with the methyl group donor choline abrogates distinct responses to dietary restriction related to reproduction, utilization of fat stored in large lipid droplets, cold tolerance, and thrifty phenotypes in C. elegans. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 17, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Transcriptomic profile adaptations following exposure of equine satellite cells to nutriactive phytochemical gamma-oryzanol
Conclusions
The present study may confirm putative muscle-enhancing abilities of GO; however, the collective role of GO in skeletal myogenesis remains equivocal. The diversity of these changes is likely due to heterogenous growth rate of cells in primary culture. Genes identified in our study, modulated by the presence of GO, may become potential targets of future research investigating impact of this supplement in skeletal muscle on proteomic and biochemical level. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 17, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin both prevent osteoarthritis symptoms and decrease the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in estrogen-deficient rats
Conclusions
THC and curcumin are effective for treating postmenopausal and osteoarthritis symptoms in OVX rats with MIA-induced osteoarthritis-like symptoms and may have potential as interventions for menopausal and osteoarthritic symptoms in humans. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 17, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Vitamin A deficiency modulates iron metabolism independent of hemojuvelin ( Hfe2 ) and bone morphogenetic protein 6 ( Bmp6 ) transcript levels
Conclusions
The HJV-BMP6-SMAD signaling pathway that normally activates the expression of hepcidin in iron deficiency is impaired by vitamin A deficiency despite increased expression of liver Bmp6 and Hfe2 mRNA levels and decreased expression of Smad7 mRNA. This response may be associated to the systemic iron deficiency and spleen iron retention promoted by vitamin A deficiency. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 17, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
