Erratum to: Fasting enriches liver triacylglycerol with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: implications for understanding the adipose–liver axis in serum docosahexaenoic acid regulation
(Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - October 7, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Consumer adoption of personalised nutrition services from the perspective of a risk–benefit trade-off
Abstract
Through a Privacy Calculus (i.e. risk–benefit trade-off) lens, this study identifies factors that contribute to consumers’ adoption of personalised nutrition services. We argue that consumers’ intention to adopt personalised nutrition services is determined by perceptions of Privacy Risk, Personalisation Benefit, Information Control, Information Intrusiveness, Service Effectiveness, and the Benevolence, Integrity, and Ability of a service provider. Data were collected in eight European countries using an online survey. Results confirmed a robust and Europe-wide applicable cognitive model,...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - September 25, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid exerts protective effects against cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity: potential role of PPARγ and Nrf2 upregulation
In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that 18β-GA exerts hepatoprotective effects against CP through induction of antioxidant defenses and suppression of inflammatory response. This report also confers new information that 18β-GA protects liver against the toxic effect of chemotherapeutic alkylating agents via activation of Nrf2 and PPARγ. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - September 19, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Fasting enriches liver triacylglycerol with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: implications for understanding the adipose–liver axis in serum docosahexaenoic acid regulation
Abstract
We investigated the effect of short-term fasting on coordinate changes in the fatty acid composition of adipose triacylglycerol (TAG), serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), liver TAG, and serum TAG and phospholipids in mice fed ad libitum or fasted for 16 h overnight. In contrast to previous reports under conditions of maximal lipolysis, adipose tissue TAG was not preferentially depleted of n-3 PUFA or any specific fatty acids, nor were there any striking changes in the serum NEFA composition. Short-term fasting did, however, increase the hepatic proportion of n-3 PUFA, and almost all indiv...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - September 19, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Multiple effects of curcumin on promoting expression of the exon 7-containing SMN2 transcript
Abstract
Survival of motor neuron 2 (SMN2) is a modifier gene for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a neurodegenerative disease caused by insufficient SMN protein mostly due to SMN1 defect. SMN2 is nearly identical to SMN1 but unfortunately only able to produce a small amount of SMN protein due to exon 7 skipping. The exon 7-containing SMN2 transcript (SMN2_E7+) can be increased by a dietary compound, curcumin, but the involved molecular changes are not clear. Here we have found that in fibroblast cells of a SMA type II patient, curcumin enhanced the inclusion of SMN2 exon 7....
Source: Genes and Nutrition - September 19, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Altered expression of two zinc transporters, SLC30A5 and SLC30A6, underlies a mammary gland disorder of reduced zinc secretion into milk
In conclusion, two cases of zinc deficiency are linked to low levels of the SLC30A5 and SLC30A6 zinc transporters. These two zinc transporters have not been previously associated with zinc deficiency in milk. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - August 29, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Polymorphism in miR-31 and miR-584 binding site in the angiotensinogen gene differentially influences body fat distribution in both sexes
Abstract
Angiotensinogen (AGT), its active fragments and microRNA-31 (miR-31) play an important role in adipocyte differentiation. AGT contains a miR-31 polymorphic binding site. We hypothesize that the rs7079 polymorphism in the miR-31/584 binding site of the AGT gene could influence body fat distribution. A total of 751 subjects (195 men, 556 women) were enrolled in the study. The rs7079 genotypes were determined by qRT-PCR. Anthropometric measurements were taken on all subjects, who were subsequently divided into two groups: obese (>30 kg m−2) and non-obese (<30 kg m−2). Linear regressi...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - August 26, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Human nutrition, environment, and health
(Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - August 26, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Integrative network-based analysis of mRNA and microRNA expression in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 -treated cancer cells
In this study, we performed an integrative network-based analysis using a publicly available data set studying the role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) in prostate cancer cells on mRNA and microRNA level. Pathway analysis revealed 15 significantly altered pathways: eight more general mostly cell cycle-related pathways and seven cancer-specific pathways. The changes in the G1-to-S cell cycle pathway showed that 1,25(OH)2D3 down-regulates the genes influencing the G1-to-S phase transition. Moreover, after 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment the gene expression in several cancer-related processes was down-regulated. The more gene...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - August 14, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Polymorphisms in sweet taste genes (TAS1R2 and GLUT2), sweet liking, and dental caries prevalence in an adult Italian population
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between sweet taste genes and dental caries prevalence in a large sample of adults. In addition, the association between sweet liking and sugar intake with dental caries was investigated. Caries was measured by the decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index in 647 Caucasian subjects (285 males and 362 females, aged 18–65 years), coming from six villages in northeastern Italy. Sweet liking was assessed using a 9-point scale, and the mean of the liking given by each individual to specific sweet food and beverages was used to create a ...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - August 12, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Use of miRNAs in biofluids as biomarkers in dietary and lifestyle intervention studies
Abstract
The selection of biomarkers in nutrigenomics needs to reflect subtle changes in homoeostasis representing the relation between nutrition and health, or nutrition and disease. It is believed that noncoding RNAs, such as circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), may represent such a new class of integrative biomarkers. Until now, the most relevant body fluids for miRNA quantification in response to nutrition have not been clearly defined, but recent studies listed in this review indicate that miRNAs from plasma or serum, PBMC and faeces might be relevant biomarkers to quantify the physiological impa...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - August 2, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
miRNA-regulated gene expression differs in celiac disease patients according to the age of presentation
Abstract
Celiac disease is an intestinal disease which shows different symptoms and clinical manifestations among pediatric and adult patients. These variations could be imputable to age-related changes in gut architecture and intestinal immune system, which could be characterized by gene expression differences possibly regulated by miRNAs. We analyzed a panel of miRNAs and their target genes in duodenal biopsies of Marsh 3AB and 3C pediatric celiac patients, compared to controls. Moreover, to assess variation of expression in plasma samples, we evaluated circulating miRNA levels in controls and patient...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - August 1, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Nutritional systems biology of type 2 diabetes
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become an increasingly challenging health burden due to its high morbidity, mortality, and heightened prevalence worldwide. Although dietary and nutritional imbalances have long been recognized as key risk factors for T2D, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The advent of nutritional systems biology, a field that aims to elucidate the interactions between dietary nutrients and endogenous molecular entities in disease-related tissues, offers unique opportunities to unravel the complex mechanisms underlying the health-modifying capacities of nutritional molecules. ...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - July 24, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
The major pathway by which polymeric formula reduces inflammation in intestinal epithelial cells: a microarray-based analysis
Abstract
Nutritional therapy is well established as a means to induce remission in active Crohn’s disease (CD). Evidence indicates that exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) therapy for CD both alters the intestinal microbiota and directly suppresses the inflammatory response in the intestinal mucosa. However, the pathway(s) through which EEN suppresses inflammation is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to use microarray technology to investigate the major pathway by which polymeric formula (PF) alters inflammatory processes in epithelial cells in vitro. HT-29 cells were grown to c...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - July 17, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Low fruit consumption and folate deficiency are associated with LINE-1 hypomethylation in women of a cancer-free population
Abstract
Several dietary agents, such as micronutrient and non-nutrient components, the so-called bioactive food components, have been shown to display anticancer properties and influence genetic processes. The most common epigenetic change is DNA methylation. Hypomethylation of long interspersed elements (LINE-1) has been associated with an increased risk of several cancers, although conflicting findings have also been observed. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and folate deficiency may cause LINE-1 hypomethylation in blood leuk...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - July 17, 2015 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
