TAS2R38 bitter taste genotype is associated with complementary feeding behavior in infants
ConclusionsDifferences inTAS2R38 bitter taste gene were associated with acceptance of the first complementary food in infants, suggesting a possible involvement in eating behavior at weaning. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 2, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Nutrigenomics as a tool to study the impact of diet on aging and age-related diseases: the Drosophila approach
AbstractAging is a complex phenomenon caused by the time-dependent loss of cellular homeodynamics and consequently of physiological organismal functions. This process is affected by both genetic and environmental (e.g., diet) factors, as well as by their constant interaction. Consistently, deregulation of nutrient sensing and signaling pathways is considered a hallmark of aging. Nutrigenomics is an emerging scientific discipline that studies changes induced by diet on the genome and thus it considers the intersection of three topics, namely health, diet, and genomics. Model organisms, such as the fruit flyDrosophila melano...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 1, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Differences in peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression and triglyceride composition in lipoprotein subclasses in plasma triglyceride responders and non-responders to omega-3 supplementation
ConclusionTG responders and non-responders to omega-3 supplementation have different lipoprotein subclass and PBMC gene expression profiles at baseline and different lipoprotein subclass and PBMC gene expression responses to omega-3 supplementation. These gene expression differences may partially explain the variability in TG response observed after omega-3 supplementation.Graphical abstractBased on free images from Servier Medical Art (Creative Commons Attribution License) and image fromwww.colourbox.com. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - April 24, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Associations between olfactory pathway gene methylation marks, obesity features and dietary intakes
ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest novel relationships between olfactory pathway gene methylation signatures, obesity indices, and dietary intakes. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - April 24, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Biomarkers of tuber intake
AbstractTubers are important crops as well as staple foods in human nutrition. Among tubers, the potato in particular has been investigated for its health effects. However, except for its contribution to energy and effects related to resistant starch, the role of potatoes and other tubers in human health is still debated. In order to establish firm evidence for the health effects of dietary tubers and processed tuber products, it is essential to assess total intake accurately. The dietary assessment in most studies relies mainly on self-reporting and may give imprecise quantitative information on dietary intakes. Biomarker...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - April 1, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Transcriptional response of cultured porcine intestinal epithelial cells to micro algae extracts in the presence and absence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
ConclusionsExposure of by ETEC stressed intestinal epithelium cells to micro algae extracts affected “fatty acid β-oxidation”, ATP and reactive oxygen species production and (de) hydroxylation of lysine residues in procollagen chains in these cells. Elevated gene expression of specific EPs and immunostimulatory proteins indicated that micro algae extracts, when used as feed/food additive, can steer an array of metabolic and immunological processes in the intestines of humans and monogastric animals stressed by an enteric bacterial pathogen. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 18, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Biomarkers of food intake for nuts and vegetable oils: an extensive literature search
AbstractNuts and vegetable oils are important sources of fat and of a wide variety of micronutrients and phytochemicals. Following their intake, several of their constituents, as well as their derived metabolites, are found in blood circulation and in urine. As a consequence, these could be used to assess the compliance to a dietary intervention or to determine habitual intake of nuts and vegetable oils. However, before these metabolites can be widely used as biomarkers of food intake (BFIs), several characteristics have to be considered, including specificity, dose response, time response, stability, and analytical perfor...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 18, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
High-throughput sequencing of small RNAs and analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs associated with high-fat diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance in mice
ConclusionTaken together, our results defined miRNA expression signature that may lead to hepatic IR in mice, and the findings provided a foundation for future studies to further explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of the miRNAs and their target genes in the pathogenesis of hepatic IR and related diseases. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - February 19, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Current knowledge and interest of French Canadians regarding nutrigenetics
ConclusionsThe attitude of French Canadians about nutrigenetics is very consistent with the results from other surveys published in the literature. Although few individuals are familiar with nutrigenetics, the public ’s attitude towards nutrigenetics is globally favourable. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - February 19, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Gastric infusion of short-chain fatty acids can improve intestinal barrier function in weaned piglets
ConclusionsThese data indicated that gastric infusion of SCFA, especially high SCFA concentration, may be beneficial to gut development of piglets via improving gut morphology, decreasing apoptotic cell percentage, and maintaining intestinal barrier function. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - February 1, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Drosophila melanogaster in nutrition research —the importance of standardizing experimental diets
AbstractThe fruit flyDrosophila melanogaster has been increasingly recognized as an important model organism in nutrition research. In order to conduct nutritional studies in fruit flies, special attention should be given to the composition of the experimental diets. Besides complex diets, which are often based on maize, yeast, sucrose, and agar,Drosophila can be also fed chemically defined diets. These so-called holidic diets are standardized in terms of their macro- and micronutrient composition although the quantitative nutrient requirements of flies have yet not been fully established and warrant further investigations...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - February 1, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Circulating microRNAs are associated with early childhood obesity: results of the I.Family Study
ConclusionsOur work showed that several circulating miRNAs are differentially represented in overweight/low-grade obesity children and adolescents. Although causal pathways cannot be firmly inferred, it is conceivable that circulating miRNAs may be new biomarkers of early childhood obesity.Trial registrationISRCTN,ISRCTN62310987. Registered 23/02/2018 - Retrospectively registered. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - January 9, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Is C. elegans a suitable model for nutritional science?
AbstractThe suitability ofC. elegans as a model for the question of nutritional science is a controversial topic. The discussion makes clear thatC. elegans is its own best model for revealing, via genetic approaches, biological principles of nutritional behavior, and the biochemical function of vitamins. In this case, the model has a discovery function. Worm research serves also in the identification of nutrition-dependent pathways that could be used for novel approaches in human nutritional studies. This heuristic function of the model guides the applied nutrition research in an innovative direction. Since the nutrition a...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - January 9, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Biomarkers of food intake for Allium vegetables
AbstractAllium vegetables are widely consumed around the world and are known for their potential bioactive components improving human health. These effects have been extensively investigated; however, the results were inconsistent in human studies. Biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) could provide objective measurements of food intake in observational studies and assess compliance in intervention studies. Therefore, the discovery and application of BFIs forAllium vegetables would facilitate the exploring and understanding of the health benefit ofAllium vegetables. In this manuscript, we reviewed the currently used and potenti...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - December 27, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Genetic influence on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in Korean men: a cross-sectional study
ConclusionsIn our study of Korean male twins and family members, heritability of 25(OH)D was moderately high. This supports the finding that genetic factors have significant influence on vitamin D status. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - December 19, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
