Biomarkers of cereal food intake
ConclusionSeveral putative biomarkers of different cereals have been suggested and should be validated in human studies using recently developed food intake biomarker validation criteria. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - October 11, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Logical modelling reveals the PDC-PDK interaction as the regulatory switch driving metabolic flexibility at the cellular level
ConclusionThese results suggest that the cellular metabolic flexibility depends upon the PDC-PDK regulatory interaction as a key regulatory switch for changing metabolic substrates. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - September 8, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Evidence for the association between FTO gene variants and vitamin B12 concentrations in an Asian Indian population
ConclusionThe study shows for the first time that a genetic risk score using twoFTO SNPs is associated with lower vitamin B12 concentrations; however, we did not identify any evidence for the influence of lifestyle factors on this association. Further replication studies in larger cohorts are warranted to investigate the association between the GRS and vitamin B12 concentrations. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - September 4, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Metabolic regulation of lifespan from a C. elegans perspective
AbstractDecline of cellular functions especially cognitive is a major deficit that arises with age in humans. Harnessing the strengths of small and genetic tractable model systems has revealed key conserved regulatory biochemical and signaling pathways that control aging. Here, we review some of the key signaling and biochemical pathways that coordinate aging processes with special emphasis onCaenorhabditis elegans as a model system and discuss how nutrients and metabolites can regulate lifespan by coordinating signaling and epigenetic programs. We focus on central nutrient-sensing pathways such as mTOR and insulin/insulin...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - August 14, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Biomarkers of seaweed intake
AbstractSeaweeds are marine macroalgae, some of which are edible. They are rich in specific dietary fibers and also contain other characteristic biological constituents. Biological activities have been investigated mainly in animal studies, while very few results are available from human studies. Biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) specific to seaweed could play an important role as objective measurements in observational studies and dietary intervention studies. Thus, the health effects of seaweeds can be explored and understood by discovering and applying BFIs.This review summarizes studies to identify candidate BFIs of sea...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - August 13, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Mechanism of continuous high temperature affecting growth performance, meat quality, and muscle biochemical properties of finishing pigs
ConclusionBoth high temperature and reduced feed intake affected growth performance and meat quality. Apart from the effects of reducing feed intake, high temperature per se negatively downregulated cell cycle and upregulated heat stress response. High temperature also decreased the energy or catabolic metabolism level through PPAR signaling pathway. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - July 23, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Dietary protein sources and tumoral overexpression of RhoA , VEGF-A and VEGFR2 genes among breast cancer patients
ConclusionsBased on the multivariate findings, the dietary protein could associate with the overexpression ofRhoA andVEGF-VEGFR2 in favor of lymphatic and vascular metastasis in BC patients. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - July 8, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Identification of the 12q24 locus associated with fish intake frequency by genome-wide meta-analysis in Japanese populations
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the 12q24 locus is associated with fish intake frequency via alcohol drinking. This study can help contribute to personalized nutrition information, suggesting that fish intake should be promoted to consumers who have the rs11066015 minor allele, which is genetically linked to low fish intake frequency, especially in male and older individuals. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - July 4, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Effect of gestational oily fish intake on the risk of allergy in children may be influenced by FADS1/2 , ELOVL5 expression and DNA methylation
ConclusionThe association between inducedFADS1/2 andELOVL5 DNA-M and reduced gene expression due to gestational fish intake provide a mechanistic explanation of the previously observed association between maternal LCPUFA intake and allergy development in early childhood. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - June 17, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Interaction between the amount of dietary protein and the environmental temperature on the expression of browning markers in adipose tissue of rats
ConclusionsThese results indicate that in addition to the environmental temperature, WAT browning is nutritionally modulated by dietary protein, affecting whole-body energy expenditure.Graphical abstract (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - June 3, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Herbs and Spices- Biomarkers of Intake Based on Human Intervention Studies – A Systematic Review
AbstractCulinary herbs and spices have been used as both food flavoring and food preservative agents for centuries. Moreover, due to their known and presumptive health benefits, herbs and spices have also been used in medical practices since ancient times. Some of the health effects attributed to herbs and spices include antioxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory effects as well as potential protection against cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. While interest in herbs and spices as medicinal agents remains high and their use in foods continues to grow, there have been remarkably...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 21, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Maternal dietary glycaemic change during gestation influences insulin-related gene methylation in the placental tissue: a genome-wide methylation analysis
ConclusionsWe provide the first evidence that maternal dietary GI changes during gestation may impact placental DNA methylation of insulin regulation genes. This supports the hypothesis that placental methylation may be the epigenetic mechanism through which maternal diet influences the metabolic health of offspring. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 8, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Weighted gene co-expression network analysis to explain the relationship between plasma total carotenoids and lipid profile
ConclusionsExpression levels of 533 probes were associated with plasma total carotenoid concentrations. Using WGCNA, four modules and several hub genes related to lipid and carotenoid metabolism were identified. This integrative analysis provides evidence for the potential role of gene co-expression in the relationship between carotenoids and lipid concentrations. Further studies and validation of the hub genes are needed. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 7, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Drosophila melanogaster as an alternative model organism in nutrigenomics
AbstractNutrigenomics explains the interaction between the genome, the proteome, the epigenome, the metabolome, and the microbiome with the nutritional environment of an organism. It is therefore situated at the interface between an organism ’s health, its diet, and the genome.The diet and/or specific dietary compounds are able to affect not only the gene expression patterns, but also the epigenetic mechanisms as well as the production of metabolites and the bacterial composition of the microbiota.Drosophila melanogaster provides a well-suited model organism to unravel these interactions in the context of nutrigenomics a...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 5, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
The nutritional requirements of Caenorhabditis elegans
AbstractAnimals require sufficient intake of a variety of nutrients to support their development, somatic maintenance and reproduction. An adequate diet provides cell building blocks, chemical energy to drive cellular processes and essential nutrients that cannot be synthesised by the animal, or at least not in the required amounts. Dietary requirements of nematodes, includingCaenorhabditis elegans have been extensively studied with the major aim to develop a chemically defined axenic medium that would support their growth and reproduction. At the same time, these studies helped elucidating important aspects of nutrition-r...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 5, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
