Expression profiling and analysis of some miRNAs in subcutaneous white adipose tissue during development of obesity
ConclusionOur research demonstrated significant alterations in some adipocyte-expressed miRNAs after a short time of high caloric diet consumption. This provides further evidence of the significant role of nutrition as an epigenetic factor in regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism genes by modulating of related key miRNAs. Therefore, we suggest that miRNAs could be used as biomarkers for adiposity during diet-induced obesity. Perhaps limitation in calories intake is a way to manipulate obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the role of microRNAs in the development of o...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - May 3, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Food intake biomarkers for green leafy vegetables, bulb vegetables, and stem vegetables: a review
ConclusionFuture randomized controlled feeding studies combined with observational studies, applying a non-targeted metabolomics approach, are needed in order to identify valuable BFIs for the intake of leafy, bulb, and stem vegetables. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - April 8, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits zymogen activation by suppressing vacuolar ATPase activation in cerulein-stimulated pancreatic acinar cells
ConclusionsDHA upregulates Parkin which inhibits vATPase-mediated zymogen activation, via GPR120 and GPR40, in cerulein-stimulated pancreatic acinar cells. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 22, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Distribution of variants in multiple vitamin D-related loci ( DHCR7/NADSYN1 , GC , CYP2R1 , CYP11A1 , CYP24A1 , VDR , RXR α and RXRγ ) vary between European, East-Asian and Sub-Saharan African-ancestry populations
ConclusionsThe reported population differences in vitamin D-related variants provides insight into the extent by which activity of the vitamin D system can differ between cohorts due to genetic variance, with potential consequences for future dietary recommendations and disease outcomes. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 12, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Bacteria increase host micronutrient availability: mechanisms revealed by studies in C. elegans
AbstractMicronutrients cannot be synthesized by humans and are obtained from three different sources: diet, gut microbiota, and oral supplements. The microbiota generates significant quantities of micronutrients, but the contribution of these compounds to total uptake is unclear. The role of bacteria in the synthesis and uptake of micronutrients and supplements is widely unexplored and may have important implications for human health. The efficacy and safety of several micronutrient supplements, including folic acid, have been questioned due to some evidence of adverse effects on health. The use of the simplified animal-mi...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - March 4, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Correction to: The peptide transporter 1a of the zebrafish Danio rerio , an emerging model in nutrigenomics and nutrition research: molecular characterization, functional properties, and expression analysis
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors flagged that the ‘Availability of data and materials’ declaration is incomplete. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - February 6, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Inflexibility of the plasma miRNA response following a high-carbohydrate meal in overweight insulin-resistant women
ConclusionsThe study findings provide preliminary evidence for a possible extension of metabolic inflexibility to include c-miRNAs.Trial registrationThe clinical trial is registered with Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry under Trial registration: ANZCTR:ACTRN12615001108505. Registered on 21 October 2015. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - February 3, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Effects of excess sugars and lipids on the growth and development of Caenorhabditis elegans
ConclusionHigh-sugar and high-lipid intake altered the expression of genes involved in biofilm synthesis, genes that catalyze the synthesis and degradation of endogenous substances, and genes involved in innate immunity, resulting in physiological damage. Furthermore, we explored the protective effect of resveratrol on high-sugar and high-lipid damage to nematodes. Resveratrol plays a role in repairing by participating in the metabolism of foreign substances and reducing cellular oxidative stress. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - January 28, 2020 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Biomarkers of meat and seafood intake: an extensive literature review
AbstractMeat, including fish and shellfish, represents a valuable constituent of most balanced diets. Consumption of different types of meat and fish has been associated with both beneficial and adverse health effects. While white meats and fish are generally associated with positive health outcomes, red and especially processed meats have been associated with colorectal cancer and other diseases. The contribution of these foods to the development or prevention of chronic diseases is still not fully elucidated. One of the main problems is the difficulty in properly evaluating meat intake, as the existing self-reporting too...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - December 29, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Current basis and future directions of zebrafish nutrigenomics
AbstractThis review investigates the current state of nutrigenomics in the zebrafish animal models. The zebrafish animal model has been used extensively in the study of disease onset and progression and associated molecular changes. In this review, we provide a synopsis of nutrigenomics using the zebrafish animal model. Obesity and dyslipidemia studies describe the genomics of dietary-induced obesity in relation to high-fat/high-calorie diets. Inflammation and cardiovascular studies describe dietary effects on the expression of acute inflammatory markers and resulting chronic inflammatory issues including atherosclerosis. ...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - December 26, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
The peptide transporter 1a of the zebrafish Danio rerio , an emerging model in nutrigenomics and nutrition research: molecular characterization, functional properties, and expression analysis
ConclusionsWe show that the zebrafish PepT1a-type transporter is functional and co-expressed withpept1b (slc15a1b) in the adult fish intestine. Its expression is also confirmed during the early phases of development when the yolk syncytial layer is present and yolk protein resorption processes are active. While completing the missing information on PepT1-type transporters function in the zebrafish, these results open to future investigations on the similar/differential role(s) of PepT1a/PepT1b in zebrafish and teleost fish physiology. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - December 18, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Increased protein intake affects pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) processing, immune function and IGF signaling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of home-dwelling old subjects using a genome-wide gene expression approach
ConclusionsPBMCs can be used to study gene expression changes after long-term protein intake, as many signaling pathways were regulated after increased protein intake. The functional significance of these findings needs to be further investigated.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, ID no. NCT02218333. The study was registered on August 18, 2014. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - November 27, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
The role of PPAR γ in childhood obesity-induced fractures
AbstractGlobally, obesity is on the rise with ~ 30% of the world’s population now obese, and childhood obesity is following similar trends. Childhood obesity has been associated with numerous chronic conditions, including musculoskeletal disorders. This review highlights the effects of childhood adiposity on bone density by way of analyzing clinical studies and further describing two severe skeletal conditions, slipped capital femoral epiphysis and Blount’s disease. The latter half of this review discusses bone remodeling and cell types that mediate bone growth and strength, including key growth factors and transcri...
Source: Genes and Nutrition - November 26, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Endorsing the STrengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology-nutritional epidemiology (STROBE-nut) statement at Genes & amp; Nutrition
(Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - November 17, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Estrogen biosynthesis in cultured skeletal muscle cells (L6) induced by amino acids
ConclusionFemale sex steroids and MVD enzyme production increased significantly in response to amino acid availability. The results indicate a role of amino acids as modulators of local muscle estrogen synthesis in muscle cells from rats at feeding. (Source: Genes and Nutrition)
Source: Genes and Nutrition - November 11, 2019 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
