Sex differences in stroke outcome correspond to rapid and severe changes in gut permeability in adult Sprague-Dawley rats
ConclusionsThese data show that extensive leakiness of the gut barrier is associated with severe post-stroke disability and suggest that reinforcing this barrier may improve stroke outcomes. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 15, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Sex differences in the association of sphingolipids with age in Dutch and South-Asian Surinamese living in Amsterdam, the Netherlands
ConclusionsMean sphingolipid concentrations increase more rapidly with age in women than in men. Therefore, plasma lipid concentrations of sphingolipids, although lower in women than in men at younger age, are higher in women than in men at older age. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 13, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
The role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases: could sex make the difference?
AbstractOver the last decades, a central role for vitamin D in immune modulation has been well established. The active form of vitamin D, i.e., 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, through the interaction with vitamin D receptor, exerts different activities on the innate and adaptive immune system, among which suppression of inflammation and promotion of tolerogenic responses. Vitamin D insufficiency has been linked to autoimmune disorders that commonly display significant differences between females and males due to genetic, epigenetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Notably, a number of studies recently showed a cross-talk bet...
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 12, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Important differences between hypertensive middle-aged women and men in cardiovascular autonomic control —a critical appraisal
ConclusionRegardless of blood pressure control through pharmacological treatment, hypertensive patients continued to have reduced HRV compared to normotensive, and hypertensive men had more autonomic impairment than hypertensive premenopausal women. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 11, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Maternal DHA supplementation influences sex-specific disruption of placental gene expression following early prenatal stress
AbstractEarly life adversity is widely recognized as a key risk factor for early developmental perturbations and contributes to the presentation of neuropsychiatric disorders in adulthood. Neurodevelopmental disorders exhibit a strong sex bias in susceptibility, presentation, onset, and severity, although the underlying mechanisms conferring vulnerability are not well understood. Environmental perturbations during pregnancy, such as malnutrition or stress, have been associated with sex-specific reprogramming that contribute to increased disease risk in adulthood, whereby stress and nutritional insufficiency may be additive...
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 9, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
A sex-stratified long-term clinical outcome analysis in coronary chronic total occlusion patients
ConclusionOur study suggests an equal benefit of CTO recanalization with a marked reduction in MACCE in women and men alike. Further dedicated studies are needed to confirm these findings. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 8, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Sex-dependent differences in the secretome of human endothelial cells
ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that serum-starved male and female ECs possess different secretory phenotypes that might take part in the sex-biased response to cellular stress. We identified PTX3 as a crucial player in the male-specific endothelial response to an apoptotic trigger. This novel and sex-related role for secreted proteins, and mainly for PTX3, may open the way to the discovery of still unknown sex-specific mechanisms and pharmacological targets for the prevention and treatment of endothelial dysfunction at the onset of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 7, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Increased P450 aromatase levels in post-menopausal women after acute ischemic stroke
ConclusionsEstradiol levels correlated with functional outcomes (change in mRS) in both men and women, at least in the acute phase (24 h) of stroke. However, no significant difference in estradiol levels is seen 24 h post-stroke in men or women. Testosterone levels decrease at 24 h after stroke in men. As seen in animal models, aromatase levels increase after acute ischemic stroke, but this was only true for women. These ind icate an active aromatization process in post-menopausal women after acute ischemic stroke. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 7, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Fetal sex and maternal postpartum depressive symptoms: findings from two prospective pregnancy cohorts
ConclusionsMale fetal sex was associated with the onset of depressive symptoms during the postnatal period. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 6, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Investigation of interleukin-2-mediated changes in blood pressure, fetal growth restriction, and innate immune activation in normal pregnant rats and in a preclinical rat model of preeclampsia
The objective of this study was to examine a role for IL-2 in NK cell activation, fetal growth restriction, and hypertension during pregnancy by either infusion of IL-2 or blockade of IL-2 (basiliximab) in normal pregnant (NP) and RUPP rats. On gestational day 14, NP and RUPP rats received low (LD), middle (MD), or high dose (HD) IL-2 (0.05, 0.10, or 0.20 ng/ml) IP or basiliximab (0.07 mg per rat) by IV infusion. On day 19, blood pressure (MAP), pup weights, and blood were collected. Basiliximab had no effect on blood pressure, however, significantly lowered NK cells and may have worsened overall fetal survival in RUP...
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 6, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Sex differences in expression of immune elements emerge in children, young adults and mice with osteosarcoma
ConclusionsSex differences in OS gene expression were similar across species and centered on immune pathways. Identified sex-specific therapeutic targets may improve outcomes in young individuals with OS. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 6, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Analysis of sex differences in dietary copper-fructose interaction-induced alterations of gut microbial activity in relation to hepatic steatosis
ConclusionsOur data demonstrated sex differences in the alterations of gut microbial abundance, activities, and hepatic steatosis in response to dietary copper-fructose interaction in rats. The correlation between sex differences in metabolic phenotypes and alterations of gut microbial activities remains elusive. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 6, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
The associations of hostility and defensiveness with telomere length are influenced by sex and health status
ConclusionHostility and defensiveness are differentially associated with TL as a function of sex and health status. The implication of these results for health remains to be determined, but propose an additional pathway through which the effect of maladaptive personality traits may contribute to CV and other disease. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 4, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Gender differences in the efficacy of pioglitazone treatment in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients with abnormal glucose metabolism
ConclusionThe study recommends pioglitazone plus lifestyle intervention for Chinese NAFLD female patients with abnormal glucose metabolism.Trial registrationRole of Pioglitazone and Berberine in Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease,NCT00633282. Registered on 3 March 2008,https://register.clinicaltrials.gov. (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - January 4, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research
MicroRNA profiling of the pig periaqueductal grey (PAG) region reveals candidates potentially related to sex-dependent differences
ConclusionsThe obtained results broaden the knowledge on the porcine PAG miRNAome, along with its dynamism reflected in different isomiR signatures. Moreover, they indicate possible mechanisms associated with sex-influenced differences mediated via miRNAs in the PAG functioning. They also provide candidate miRNAs for further research concerning, i.e., sex-related bases of physiological and pathological processes occurring in the nervous system.Graphical abstract (Source: Biology of Sex Differences)
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - December 11, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research
