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Counteracting diabetes-induced adipose tissue derived-stromal cell senescence
Biochimie. 2023 Dec 15:S0300-9084(23)00315-2. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.12.001. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdipose tissue stromal cells (ADSCs) are prone to functional decline and senescence during metabolic disturbances. In diabetes mellitus (DM), the pathogenic microenvironment induces oxidative stress causing ADSCs to senesce. The senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in turn drives disease progression. The pathogenesis of DM is thus both a cause and consequence of senescence. Therapeutically preventing the onset of senescence in ADSCs may play a significant role in preventing disease progression and dire...
Source: Biochimie - December 17, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Saiuree Govender Maria Jacoba Kruger Mari van de Vyver Source Type: research

New insights into the substrate specificity of cholesterol oxidases for more aware application
In this study, we have adopted an integrative approach, combining evolutionary analysis, classic enzymatic techniques and computational approaches, to elucidate the distinct features of four various ChOxes from Rhodococcussp. (RCO), Cromobacteriumsp. (CCO), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PCO) and Burkhoderia cepacia (BCO). Comparative and evolutionary analysis of substrate-binding domain (SBD) and FAD-binding domain (FBD) helped to reveal the origin of ChOxes. We discovered that all forms of ChOxes had a common ancestor and that the structural differences evolved later during divergence. Further examination of amino acid variatio...
Source: Biochimie - December 17, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Michail Shapira Alexandra Dobysh Anastasia Liaudanskaya Hanna Aucharova Yaraslau Dzichenka Volha Bokuts Suzana Jovanovi ć-Šanta Aliaksey Yantsevich Source Type: research

Glutathione is required for growth and cadmium tolerance in the amphibian chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Biochimie. 2023 Dec 15:S0300-9084(23)00316-4. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.12.002. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a lethal amphibian pathogen, partly due to its ability to evade the immune system of susceptible frog species. In many pathogenic fungi, the antioxidant glutathione is a virulence factor that helps neutralize oxidative stressors generated from host immune cells, as well as other environmental stressors such as heavy metals. The role of glutathione in stress tolerance in Bd has not been investigated. Here, we examine the changes in the glutathione pool after stress exposure an...
Source: Biochimie - December 17, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Rebecca J Webb Catherine Rush Lee Berger Lee F Skerratt Alexandra A Roberts Source Type: research

The mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO, 18 kDa): A key multifunctional molecule in liver diseases
Biochimie. 2023 Dec 6:S0300-9084(23)00314-0. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.11.013. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTranslocator protein (TSPO, 18 kDa), previously known as peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor, is an evolutionarily conserved and tryptophan-rich 169-amino-acid protein located on the outer mitochondrial membrane. TSPO plays a crucial role in various fundamental physiological functions and cellular processes. Its expression is altered in pathological conditions, thus rendering TSPO a potential tool for diagnostic imaging and an appealing therapeutic target. The investigation of synthetic TSPO ligands as both ago...
Source: Biochimie - December 8, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yuchang Li Liting Chen Vassilios Papadopoulos Source Type: research

The mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO, 18kDa): A key multifunctional molecule in liver diseases
Biochimie. 2023 Dec 6:S0300-9084(23)00314-0. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.11.013. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTranslocator protein (TSPO, 18kDa), previously known as peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor, is an evolutionarily conserved and tryptophan-rich 169-amino-acid protein located on the outer mitochondrial membrane. TSPO plays a crucial role in various fundamental physiological functions and cellular processes. Its expression is altered in pathological conditions, thus rendering TSPO a potential tool for diagnostic imaging and an appealing therapeutic target. The investigation of synthetic TSPO ligands as both agon...
Source: Biochimie - December 8, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yuchang Li Liting Chen Vassilios Papadopoulos Source Type: research

Intestinal gluconeogenesis: A translator of nutritional information needed for glycemic and emotional balance
Biochimie. 2023 Nov 29:S0300-9084(23)00313-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.11.012. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAt the interface between the outside world and the self, the intestine is the first organ receiving nutritional information. One intestinal function, gluconeogenesis, is activated by various nutrients, particularly diets enriched in fiber or protein, and thus results in glucose production in the portal vein in the post-absorptive period. The detection of portal glucose induces a nervous signal controlling the activity of the central nuclei involved in the regulation of metabolism and emotional behavior. Induction ...
Source: Biochimie - December 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Amandine Gautier-Stein Justine Vily-Petit Fabienne Rajas Gilles Mithieux Source Type: research