Gap Junctions May Have A Computational Function In The Cerebellum: A Hypothesis
We present a detailed neurophysiological and computationally-rendered model of functionally grouped Golgi cells which can infer the density of parallel fibre signals activity and convert it into proportional modulation of inhibition of granule cells. The conversion is unlearned and not actively computed; rather, output is simply the computational effect of cell morphology and network architecture. Unexpectedly, the conversion becomes more precise at low density, suggesting that self-regulation is attracted to sparse code, because it is stable. A computational function of gap junctions may not be confined to the cerebellum....
Source: The Cerebellum - March 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The acute effect of a β-glucan-enriched oat bread on gastric emptying, GLP-1 response, and postprandial glycaemia and insulinemia: a randomised crossover trial in healthy adults
The cereal fibre β-glucan reduces postprandial glycaemia, however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of a β-glucan-enriched oat... (Source: Nutrition and Metabolism)
Source: Nutrition and Metabolism - March 18, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ingrid Revheim, Simon Ballance, Adelheid Fretland Standal, Anne Rieder, Jutta Dierkes, Anette E. Buyken, Odd Helge Gilja, Trygve Hausken and Hanne Rosendahl-Riise Tags: Research Source Type: research
Spontaneous reperfusion in STEMI: Its mechanisms and possible modulation
Kardiol Pol. 2024 Mar 17. doi: 10.33963/v.phj.99737. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPatients with transient ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or spontaneous reperfusion, which occurs in approximately 20% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), have smaller infarcts and more favourable clinical outcomes than patients without spontaneous reperfusion. Understanding the mechanisms underlying spontaneous reperfusion is therefore important, since this may identify possible novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes in patients with STEMI. In this review, we discuss some of the possible det...
Source: Kardiologia Polska - March 17, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Joshua H Leader Rahim Kanji Diana A Gorog Source Type: research
Effect of the age of garments used under real-life conditions on microfibre release from polyester and cotton clothing
Environ Pollut. 2024 Mar 15:123806. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123806. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe release of microfibres from fabrics during laundering represents an important source of plastic and natural microfibres to aquatic environments. Garment age - how long the garment has been used - could be a key factor influencing the rate of release, yet most studies of microfibre shedding have only assessed newly manufactured products. To this end, we quantified microfibre release during laundering in domestic washing machines from polyester (PES) and cotton garments (n = 38) used in real-life conditions for periods be...
Source: Environmental Pollution - March 17, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Andreia N Fernandes Larissa Z Lara Francesca De Falco Andrew Turner Richard C Thompson Source Type: research
Muscle fibre typology affects whole-body metabolic rate during isolated muscle contractions and human locomotion
J Physiol. 2024 Mar 17. doi: 10.1113/JP285846. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe wide variation in muscle fibre type distribution across individuals, along with the very different energy consumption rates in slow versus fast muscle fibres, suggests that muscle fibre typology contributes to inter-individual differences in metabolic rate during exercise. However, this has been hard to demonstrate due to the gap between a single muscle fibre and full-body exercises. We investigated the isolated effect of triceps surae muscle contraction velocity on whole-body metabolic rate during cyclic contractions in individuals a priori s...
Source: The Journal of Physiology - March 17, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Wannes Swinnen Eline Lievens Wouter Hoogkamer Friedl De Groote Wim Derave Benedicte Vanwanseele Source Type: research
Spontaneous reperfusion in STEMI: Its mechanisms and possible modulation
Kardiol Pol. 2024 Mar 17. doi: 10.33963/v.phj.99737. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPatients with transient ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or spontaneous reperfusion, which occurs in approximately 20% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), have smaller infarcts and more favourable clinical outcomes than patients without spontaneous reperfusion. Understanding the mechanisms underlying spontaneous reperfusion is therefore important, since this may identify possible novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes in patients with STEMI. In this review, we discuss some of the possible det...
Source: Polish Heart Journal - March 17, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Joshua H Leader Rahim Kanji Diana A Gorog Source Type: research
Spontaneous reperfusion in STEMI: Its mechanisms and possible modulation
Kardiol Pol. 2024 Mar 17. doi: 10.33963/v.phj.99737. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPatients with transient ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or spontaneous reperfusion, which occurs in approximately 20% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), have smaller infarcts and more favourable clinical outcomes than patients without spontaneous reperfusion. Understanding the mechanisms underlying spontaneous reperfusion is therefore important, since this may identify possible novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes in patients with STEMI. In this review, we discuss some of the possible det...
Source: Kardiologia Polska - March 17, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Joshua H Leader Rahim Kanji Diana A Gorog Source Type: research
Effect of the age of garments used under real-life conditions on microfibre release from polyester and cotton clothing
Environ Pollut. 2024 Mar 15:123806. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123806. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe release of microfibres from fabrics during laundering represents an important source of plastic and natural microfibres to aquatic environments. Garment age - how long the garment has been used - could be a key factor influencing the rate of release, yet most studies of microfibre shedding have only assessed newly manufactured products. To this end, we quantified microfibre release during laundering in domestic washing machines from polyester (PES) and cotton garments (n = 38) used in real-life conditions for periods be...
Source: Environmental Pollution - March 17, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Andreia N Fernandes Larissa Z Lara Francesca De Falco Andrew Turner Richard C Thompson Source Type: research
Muscle fibre typology affects whole-body metabolic rate during isolated muscle contractions and human locomotion
J Physiol. 2024 Mar 17. doi: 10.1113/JP285846. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe wide variation in muscle fibre type distribution across individuals, along with the very different energy consumption rates in slow versus fast muscle fibres, suggests that muscle fibre typology contributes to inter-individual differences in metabolic rate during exercise. However, this has been hard to demonstrate due to the gap between a single muscle fibre and full-body exercises. We investigated the isolated effect of triceps surae muscle contraction velocity on whole-body metabolic rate during cyclic contractions in individuals a priori s...
Source: The Journal of Physiology - March 17, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Wannes Swinnen Eline Lievens Wouter Hoogkamer Friedl De Groote Wim Derave Benedicte Vanwanseele Source Type: research
Spontaneous reperfusion in STEMI: Its mechanisms and possible modulation
Kardiol Pol. 2024 Mar 17. doi: 10.33963/v.phj.99737. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPatients with transient ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or spontaneous reperfusion, which occurs in approximately 20% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), have smaller infarcts and more favourable clinical outcomes than patients without spontaneous reperfusion. Understanding the mechanisms underlying spontaneous reperfusion is therefore important, since this may identify possible novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes in patients with STEMI. In this review, we discuss some of the possible det...
Source: Polish Heart Journal - March 17, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Joshua H Leader Rahim Kanji Diana A Gorog Source Type: research
Spontaneous reperfusion in STEMI: Its mechanisms and possible modulation
Kardiol Pol. 2024 Mar 17. doi: 10.33963/v.phj.99737. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPatients with transient ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or spontaneous reperfusion, which occurs in approximately 20% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), have smaller infarcts and more favourable clinical outcomes than patients without spontaneous reperfusion. Understanding the mechanisms underlying spontaneous reperfusion is therefore important, since this may identify possible novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes in patients with STEMI. In this review, we discuss some of the possible det...
Source: Kardiologia Polska - March 17, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Joshua H Leader Rahim Kanji Diana A Gorog Source Type: research
Are all sugars equal? Role of the food source in physiological responses to sugars with an emphasis on fruit and fruit juice
AbstractHigh (free) sugar intakes can increase self-reported energy intake and are associated with unfavourable cardiometabolic health. However, sugar source may modulate the effects of sugars due to several mechanisms including the food matrix. The aim of this review was to assess the current state of evidence in relation to food source effects on the physiological responses to dietary sugars in humans relevant to cardiometabolic health. An additional aim was to review potential mechanisms by which food sources may influence such responses. Evidence from meta-analyses of controlled intervention trials was used to establis...
Source: European Journal of Nutrition - March 16, 2024 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Anti-SAE dermatomyositis: clinical and histologic characteristics from a monocentric Italian cohort
CONCLUSIONS: Anti-SAE DM represents a disease subset characterised by classic cutaneous involvement often associated with itching, less severe muscle involvement, but potential pulmonary involvement that should always be investigated in these patients.PMID:38488098 | DOI:10.55563/clinexprheumatol/110r0p (Source: Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology)
Source: Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology - March 15, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Marco Fornaro Laura Coladonato Margherita Giannini Angelica Napoletano Francesco Girolamo Dario D'Abbicco Maddalena Ruggieri Daniele Vito Andrea Sabella Florenzo Iannone Source Type: research
Carbohydrates and protein digestive traits in beef cattle grazing fertilised or mixed tropical pasture
This study was performed to investigate the nitrogen (N) and carbohydrate digestive traits of grazing heifers. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Lavras. The treatments were a Marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha [Syn, Brachiaria brizantha] Stapf. A. Rich. cv. Marandu) monoculture fertilised with 150 kg N/[ha ∙ year] (FP) or Marandu palisadegrass mixed pasture with forage peanut (MP). The pastures were grazed by six rumen-cannulated zebu heifers. A double cross-over design was used in four periods. Nutritive value, intake and apparent digestibility of forage, ruminal traits and kinetics and ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - March 15, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Fernanda de K ássia Gomes Bruno Grossi Costa Homem Bianca Costa Guimaraes Marina de Arruda Camargo Danes Glen A Broderick Bruno Jos é Rodrigues Alves Robert Michael Boddey Daniel Rume Casagrande Source Type: research
Anti-SAE dermatomyositis: clinical and histologic characteristics from a monocentric Italian cohort
CONCLUSIONS: Anti-SAE DM represents a disease subset characterised by classic cutaneous involvement often associated with itching, less severe muscle involvement, but potential pulmonary involvement that should always be investigated in these patients.PMID:38488098 | DOI:10.55563/clinexprheumatol/110r0p (Source: Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology)
Source: Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology - March 15, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Marco Fornaro Laura Coladonato Margherita Giannini Angelica Napoletano Francesco Girolamo Dario D'Abbicco Maddalena Ruggieri Daniele Vito Andrea Sabella Florenzo Iannone Source Type: research
