Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are the game-changers in childhood obesity-associated metabolic disorders (diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases)
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2024 May 6. doi: 10.1007/s11154-024-09884-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChildhood obesity is a chronic inflammatory epidemic that affects children worldwide. Obesity affects approximately 1 in 5 children worldwide. Obesity in children can worsen weight gain and raise the risk of obesity-related comorbidities like diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It can also negatively impact the quality of life for these children. Obesity disrupts immune system function, influencing cytokine (interleukins) balance and expression levels, adipokines, and innate and adaptive immune cells. The...
Source: ENDOCR REV - May 6, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Amin Ullah Rajeev K Singla Zahra Batool Dan Cao Bairong Shen Source Type: research
The Effects of Patient Preference on Clinical Outcome, Satisfaction and Adherence Within the Treatment of Anxiety and Depression: A Meta-Analysis
CONCLUSIONS: While this meta-analysis did not find a positive effect of considering patient preference on clinical outcome, it was associated with slightly better treatment satisfaction and adherence. Accommodating preference of patients with anxiety and depression can improve treatment.TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO: CRD42020172556.PMID:38706162 | DOI:10.1002/cpp.2985 (Source: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy)
Source: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy - May 6, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Eline Eigenhuis Vanessa E M van Buuren Rosa E Boeschoten Anna D T Muntingh Neeltje M Batelaan Patricia van Oppen Source Type: research
Vaccines as Immunotherapies for Substance Use Disorders
Am J Psychiatry. 2024 May 1;181(5):362-371. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230828.ABSTRACTSubstance use disorders (SUD) present a worldwide challenge with few effective therapies except for the relative efficacy of opioid pharmacotherapies, despite limited treatment access. However, the proliferation of illicit fentanyl use initiated a dramatic and cascading epidemic of lethal overdoses. This rise in fentanyl overdoses regenerated an interest in vaccine immunotherapy, which, despite an optimistic start in animal models over the past 50 years, yielded disappointing results in human clinical trials of vaccines against nicotine, sti...
Source: The American Journal of Psychiatry - May 6, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Thomas R Kosten Source Type: research
Topiramate Versus Naltrexone for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Genotype-Stratified Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
CONCLUSIONS: Topiramate is at least as effective and safe as the first-line medication, naltrexone, in reducing heavy alcohol consumption, and superior in reducing some clinical outcomes. Neither rs2832407 nor rs1799971 had effects on topiramate and naltrexone treatments, respectively.PMID:38706338 | DOI:10.1176/appi.ajp.20230666 (Source: The American Journal of Psychiatry)
Source: The American Journal of Psychiatry - May 6, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kirsten C Morley Henry R Kranzler Natasha Luquin Nazila Jamshidi Claire Adams Mark Montebello Chris Tremonti Gezelle Dali Warren Logge Andrew Baillie Maree Teesson Ronald Trent Paul S Haber Source Type: research
The role of chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy in stage III NSCLC
Pathol Oncol Res. 2024 Apr 19;30:1611716. doi: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611716. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTLocally advanced non-small lung cancer encompasses a diverse range of tumors. In the last few years, the treatment of stage III unresectable non-small lung cancer has evolved significantly. The PACIFIC trial opened a new therapeutic era in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC, establishing durvalumab consolidation therapy as the new standard of care worldwide. A careful evaluation of this type of lung cancer and a discussion of the management of these patients within a multidisciplinary team represents a crucial step in de...
Source: Cell Research - May 6, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Zsuzsanna Orosz Árpád Kovács Source Type: research
A Single-Arm Multi-Center Phase II Clinical Trial of Cadonilimab (anti-PD-1/CTLA-4) in Combination with or without Conventional Second-Line Treatment for Patients with Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2024 Jan-Dec;23:15330338241249690. doi: 10.1177/15330338241249690.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Cadonilimab (AK104) is a bispecific IgG-single-chain Fv fragment (ScFv) antibody that binds to PD-1 and CTLA-4. Cadonilimab has shown encouraging anti-tumour activity and a favourable safety profile in several tumour types. In second-line treatment, there is no defined standard of care for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Cadonilimab is expected to show substantial clinical efficacy.OBJECTIVE: To assess the antitumor activity and safety of cadonilimab monotherapy or combination with...
Source: Cell Research - May 6, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Can Chen Minjun Chen Yuju Bai Yajun Li Jie Peng Biao Yao Jiangping Feng Jian-Guo Zhou Hu Ma Source Type: research
Efficacy and Safety of Kuoxin Formula in the Treatment of Dilated Cardiomyopathy-Related Heart Failure: Study Protocol of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center Clinical Trial
(Source: International Journal of General Medicine)
Source: International Journal of General Medicine - May 6, 2024 Category: General Medicine Tags: International Journal of General Medicine Source Type: research
Cytotoxicity-reducing and anti-inflammatory effects of a natural herb mixture extract
ConclusionThe natural herb mixture extract comprising PUAE, PTAE and EKAE was confirmed to have a cytotoxicity-reducing effect and a synergistic anti-inflammatory effect compared with that of the individual herbal medicines that made up the natural herb mixture extract. (Source: Molecular and Cellular Toxicology)
Source: Molecular and Cellular Toxicology - May 6, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Competing risks and multivariate outcomes in epidemiological and clinical trial research
AbstractData analysis methods for the study of treatments or exposures in relation to a clinical outcome in the presence of competing risks have a long history, often with inference targets that are hypothetical, thereby requiring strong assumptions for identifiability with available data. Here data analysis methods are considered that are based on single and higher dimensional marginal hazard rates, quantities that are identifiable under standard independent censoring assumptions. These lead naturally to joint survival function estimators for outcomes of interest, including competing risk outcomes, and provide the basis f...
Source: Lifetime Data Analysis - May 6, 2024 Category: Statistics Source Type: research
Cariprazine Orodispersible Tablet: A New Formulation for
Cariprazine
This study aimed
to investigate the bioequivalence of a newly developed orodispersible tablet to
the commercially available hard gelatine capsule of cariprazine 1.5 mg.
MethodsThis was a phase I, open-label, randomized, single-dose
bioequivalence study. It had a 2-period, 2-sequence, cross-over design, where
each subject received one test and one reference product in a randomized
sequence, separated by a wash-out period of 55 days. Blood sampling was
performed over 72 h after dosing. Cariprazine concentrations were analyzed by a
validated HPLC-M...
Source: Pharmacopsychiatry - May 6, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mesz ár, Viktória Magyar, Gabriella P ásztor, Gabriella Mészárosné Szatm ári, Balázs P éter, Krisztina Marton, L ívia Dombi, Zs ófia B. Barab ássy, Ágota Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research
Advancements in Non-Dopaminergic Treatments for Schizophrenia: A
Systematic Review of Pipeline Developments
Discussion Compounds that function differently from existing antipsychotics
may offer novel symptom-specific therapeutic strategies for patients with
schizophrenia. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, GermanyArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Pharmacopsychiatry)
Source: Pharmacopsychiatry - May 6, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Komatsu, Yuki Takehara, Moe Hart, Xenia Takahashi, Yuna Hori, Satoko Ueno, Fumihiko Uchida, Hiroyuki Tags: Review Source Type: research
Effect of multiple micronutrient-fortified bouillon on micronutrient status among women and children in the Northern Region of Ghana: Protocol for the Condiment Micronutrient Innovation Trial (CoMIT), a community-based randomized controlled trial
This study aims to evaluate the impact of multiple micronutrient-fortified bouillon cubes, compared to control bouillon cubes (fortified with iodine only), on micronutrient status and hemoglobin concentrations among lactating and non-lactating WRA and young children in northern Ghana. MethodsThis randomized, controlled doubly-masked trial will be conducted in the Kumbungu and Tolon districts in the Northern Region of Ghana, where prior data indicate multiple micronutrient deficiencies are common. Participants will be: 1) non-pregnant non-lactating WRA (15 –49 y), 2) children 2–5 y, and 3) non-pregnant lactating women 4...
Source: PLoS One - May 6, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Reina Engle-Stone Source Type: research
Cytisinicline for Vaping Cessation in Adults Using Nicotine E-Cigarettes
This randomized clinical trial seeks to determine the efficacy and safety of cytisinicline vs placebo to produce abstinence from e-cigarette use in adults seeking to quit vaping nicotine. (Source: JAMA Internal Medicine)
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - May 6, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research
Behavioral Interventions to Improve Breast Cancer Screening Outreach
This report of 2 randomized clinical trials evaluates whether bulk ordering, text messaging, and clinician endorsement increase breast cancer screening rates. (Source: JAMA Internal Medicine)
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - May 6, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research
Correction to: A phase II/III randomized clinical trial of CisPlatin plUs Gemcitabine and Nabpaclitaxel (GAP) as pReoperative chemotherapy versus immediate resection in patIents with resecTable BiliarY tract cancers (BTC) at high risk for recurrence: PURITY study
(Source: BMC Cancer)
Source: BMC Cancer - May 6, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Monica Niger, Federico Nichetti, Lorenzo Fornaro, Chiara Pircher, Federica Morano, Federica Palermo, Lorenza Rimassa, Tiziana Pressiani, Rossana Berardi, Andrea Casadei Gardini, Elisa Sperti, Lisa Salvatore, Davide Melisi, Francesca Bergamo, Salvatore Sie Tags: Correction Source Type: research
