Superficial white matter microstructural imaging method based on time-space fractional-order diffusion
Phys Med Biol. 2024 Feb 23. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad2ca1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: Microstructure imaging based on diffusion magnetic resonance signal is an advanced imaging technique that enables in vivo mapping of the brain's microstructure. Superficial white matter (SWM) plays an important role in brain development, maturation, and aging, while fewer microstructure imaging methods address the superficial white matter due to its complexity. Therefore, this study aims to develop a diffusion propagation model to investigate the microstructural characteristics of the SWM region.APPROACH: In this paper, we h...
Source: Health Physics - February 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Jianglin He Yuanjun Wang Source Type: research
Superficial white matter microstructural imaging method based on time-space fractional-order diffusion
Phys Med Biol. 2024 Feb 23. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad2ca1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: Microstructure imaging based on diffusion magnetic resonance signal is an advanced imaging technique that enables in vivo mapping of the brain's microstructure. Superficial white matter (SWM) plays an important role in brain development, maturation, and aging, while fewer microstructure imaging methods address the superficial white matter due to its complexity. Therefore, this study aims to develop a diffusion propagation model to investigate the microstructural characteristics of the SWM region.APPROACH: In this paper, we h...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - February 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Jianglin He Yuanjun Wang Source Type: research
Superficial white matter microstructural imaging method based on time-space fractional-order diffusion
Phys Med Biol. 2024 Feb 23. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad2ca1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: Microstructure imaging based on diffusion magnetic resonance signal is an advanced imaging technique that enables in vivo mapping of the brain's microstructure. Superficial white matter (SWM) plays an important role in brain development, maturation, and aging, while fewer microstructure imaging methods address the superficial white matter due to its complexity. Therefore, this study aims to develop a diffusion propagation model to investigate the microstructural characteristics of the SWM region.APPROACH: In this paper, we h...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - February 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Jianglin He Yuanjun Wang Source Type: research
Effects of Chronic Hypertension on the Energy Metabolism of Cerebral Cortex Mitochondria in Normotensive and in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats During Aging
This study describes the effects of chronic hypertension on cerebral mitochondrial energy metabolism during aging through functional proteomics of enzymes at subcellular levels, i.e. in neuronal soma and synapses. In addition, this represents the starting point to envisage an experimental physiopathological model which could be useful also for pharmacological studies, to assess drug actions during the development of age-related pathologies that could coexist and/or are provoked by chronic hypertension.Graphical Abstract (Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine)
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - February 23, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The response of retinal ganglion cells to optical defocused visual stimuli in mouse retinas
This study aimed to investigate the response characteristics of Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs), represented by alpha (α) RGCs, when exposed to focused, simulated defocused pattern images and astigmatically defocused images projected onto mouse retinas. Negative pressure was applied to stretch the soma of RGC in vitro to simulate myopia using a 7-8 μm diameter glass microelectrode, resulting in a 5% increase in the cell's diameter. A custom-made device was utilized to project spherically (equal to ±10 and ± 20 D) and astigmatically (+6.00D) defocused images onto the retinas. As a control for a deficient intact retinal ci...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - February 21, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Chunghim So Ting Zhang Qin Wang ChunTing Qiu Lestrange-Anginieur Elie de Feng Pan Source Type: research
The response of retinal ganglion cells to optical defocused visual stimuli in mouse retinas
This study aimed to investigate the response characteristics of Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs), represented by alpha (α) RGCs, when exposed to focused, simulated defocused pattern images and astigmatically defocused images projected onto mouse retinas. Negative pressure was applied to stretch the soma of RGC in vitro to simulate myopia using a 7-8 μm diameter glass microelectrode, resulting in a 5% increase in the cell's diameter. A custom-made device was utilized to project spherically (equal to ±10 and ± 20 D) and astigmatically (+6.00D) defocused images onto the retinas. As a control for a deficient intact retinal ci...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - February 21, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Chunghim So Ting Zhang Qin Wang ChunTing Qiu Lestrange-Anginieur Elie de Feng Pan Source Type: research
Defining morphologically and genetically distinct GAGBergic/cholinergic amacrine cell subtypes in the vertebrate retina
by Yan Li, Shuguang Yu, Xinling Jia, Xiaoying Qiu, Jie He
In mammals, retinal direction selectivity originates from GABAergic/cholinergic amacrine cells (ACs) specifically expressing thesox2 gene. However, the cellular diversity of GABAergic/cholinergic ACs of other vertebrate species remains largely unexplored. Here, we identified 2 morphologically and genetically distinct GABAergic/cholinergic AC types in zebrafish, a previously undescribedbhlhe22+ type and a mammalian counterpartsox2+ type. Notably, while solesox2 disruption removedsox2+ type, the codisruption ofbhlhe22 andbhlhe23 was required to removebhlhe22+ type. A...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - February 16, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Yan Li Source Type: research
Defining morphologically and genetically distinct GABAergic/cholinergic amacrine cell subtypes in the vertebrate retina
by Yan Li, Shuguang Yu, Xinling Jia, Xiaoying Qiu, Jie He
In mammals, retinal direction selectivity originates from GABAergic/cholinergic amacrine cells (ACs) specifically expressing thesox2 gene. However, the cellular diversity of GABAergic/cholinergic ACs of other vertebrate species remains largely unexplored. Here, we identified 2 morphologically and genetically distinct GABAergic/cholinergic AC types in zebrafish, a previously undescribedbhlhe22+ type and a mammalian counterpartsox2+ type. Notably, while solesox2 disruption removedsox2+ type, the codisruption ofbhlhe22 andbhlhe23 was required to removebhlhe22+ type. A...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - February 16, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Yan Li Source Type: research
Epigenetic modification of histone acetylation in the sensorimotor cortex after intracerebral hemorrhage
Biomed Res. 2024;45(1):1-11. doi: 10.2220/biomedres.45.1.ABSTRACTEpigenetic regulation is involved in post-stroke neuroplasticity. We investigated the effects of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) on histone acetylation and gene expression related to neuronal plasticity in the bilateral sensorimotor cortices, which may affect post-stroke sensorimotor function. Wistar rats were randomly divided into the SHAM and ICH groups. We performed ICH surgery stereotaxically based on the microinjection of a collagenase solution in the ICH group. Foot fault and cylinder tests were performed to evaluate motor functions at 4-time points, inc...
Source: Biomed Res - February 7, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Taichi Nishio Takahiro Inoue Yasuyuki Takamatsu Taiga Mishima Hana Takamura Kiho Soma Yuki Kondo Misato Okamura Ryo Ikegami Hiroshi Maejima Source Type: research
Characterization of Retinal VIP-Amacrine Cell Development During the Critical Period
In conclusion, we found that the second, third and fourth weeks after birth were important periods of VIP-AC development. Many developmental changes occurred around eye opening. The development of soma, dendrite and electrophysiological properties showed uneven dynamics of progression. Cell differentiation may contribute to soma development whereas the changes of different ion channels may play important role for spine development.PMID:38315298 | PMC:PMC10844409 | DOI:10.1007/s10571-024-01452-x (Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology)
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - February 5, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Xuhong Zhang Xiaoyu Wang Yanqing Li Yingying Zhang Hong Zhu Chen Xie Yudong Zhou Ye Shen Jianping Tong Source Type: research
Dynamic changes in endoplasmic reticulum morphology and its contact with the plasma membrane in motor neurons in response to nerve injury
In this study, the focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) analysis was performed to explore the ultra-structures of the ER in the somata of motor neuron with axon regenerative injury models. In normal motor neurons, ER in the somata is abundantly localised near the perinucleus and represents lamella-like structures. After injury, analysis of the ER volume and ER branching points indicated a collapse of the normal distribution and a transformation from lamella-like structures to mesh-like structures. Furthermore, accompanied by ER accumulation near the plasma membrane (PM), the contact between the ER and PM...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 5, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Comprehensive mapping of Epithelial Na < sup > + < /sup > channel α expression in the mouse brain
Brain Struct Funct. 2024 Feb 2. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02755-3. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEpithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is responsible for regulating Na+ homeostasis. While its physiological functions have been investigated extensively in peripheral tissues, far fewer studies have explored its functions in the brain. Since our limited knowledge of ENaC's distribution in the brain impedes our understanding of its functions there, we decided to explore the whole-brain expression pattern of the Scnn1a gene, which encodes the core ENaC complex component ENaCα. To visualize Scnn1a expression in the brain, we crossed Sc...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - February 2, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ha Kyeong Kim Sang-Hyun Choi Dong-Hoon Kim Yong Taek Jeong Source Type: research
Comprehensive mapping of Epithelial Na+ channel α expression in the mouse brain
AbstractEpithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is responsible for regulating Na+ homeostasis. While its physiological functions have been investigated extensively in peripheral tissues, far fewer studies have explored its functions in the brain. Since our limited knowledge of ENaC ’s distribution in the brain impedes our understanding of its functions there, we decided to explore the whole-brain expression pattern of theScnn1a gene, which encodes the core ENaC complex component ENaC α. To visualizeScnn1a expression in the brain, we crossedScnn1a-Cre mice withRosa26-lsl-tdTomato mice. Brain sections were subjected to immunoflu...
Source: Anatomy and Embryology - February 2, 2024 Category: Anatomy Source Type: research
Transient expression of heavy-chain neurofilaments in the perigeniculate nucleus of cats
This study focused on the postnatal development of the PGN in cats, using the SMI-32 antibody, which recognizes non-phosphorylated heavy-chain neurofilaments responsible for neuronal structural maturation and is also used as a marker for motion processing, or Y, stream. We questioned whether transient neuronal populations exist in the PGN and can they possibly be related to the Y processing stream. We uncovered a transient, robust SMI-32 staining in the PGN of kittens aged 0-34 days with the significant decline in the cellular density of labeled cells in older animals. According to the double-labeling, in all examined age ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 24, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Natalia Merkulyeva Aleksandr Mikhalkin Source Type: research
