Unruptured giant lateral thoracic meningocele: extremely rare cause of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypotension in neurofibromatosis type 1
AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a multisystem neurocutaneous disorder. Scoliosis and dural ectasia are features of the associated mesodermal dysplasia. Lateral thoracic meningoceles can develop in NF1 and progressively enlarge due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pulsations. Large meningoceles can cause compressive symptoms in the thorax. We are reporting a case of a NF1 presenting with acute onset respiratory distress, who also had chronic orthostatic headaches. CT chest showed unruptured enlarging bilateral lateral thoracic meningoceles causing lung compression. MRI of the brain and spine showed features of CSF hyp...
Source: Neuroradiology - May 17, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Biomarkers for prognosis of meningioma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
In conclusion, the results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that PR, cyclin A, TOP2A, p21, p53, VEGF and Ki-67 are either positively or negatively associated with survival of meningioma patients and might be useful biomarkers to assess the prognosis. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - May 17, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tin May Aung Source Type: research
Consistent movement of viewers ’ facial keypoints while watching emotionally evocative videos
by Shivansh Chandra Tripathi, Rahul Garg
Neuropsychological research aims to unravel how diverse individuals’ brains exhibit similar functionality when exposed to the same stimuli. The evocation of consistent responses when different subjects watch the same emotionally evocative stimulus has been observed through modalities like fMRI, EEG, physiological signals and facial expressions. We refer to the quantification of these shared consistent signals across subjects at each time instant across the temporal dimension as Consistent Response Measurement (CRM). CRM is widely explored through fMRI, occasionally with EEG, phys...
Source: PLoS One - May 17, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Shivansh Chandra Tripathi Source Type: research
Unraveling how the third-party brain under stress responds to injustices
by Masahiko Haruno
How third-party individuals respond to injustices is important for resolving conflict in society. A study in PLOS Biology shows that individuals experiencing acute stress prefer to aid victims over punishing offenders, an opposite pattern to non-stress conditions.
How third-party individuals respond to injustices is important for resolving conflict in society. This Primer explores a new study that shows that individuals experiencing acute stress prefer to aid victims over punishing offenders, an opposite pattern to non-stress conditions. (Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents)
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - May 17, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Masahiko Haruno Source Type: research
Can critical care transport be safely reduced in children intubated during emergency management of status epilepticus in the United Kingdom: a national audit with case-control analysis
Conclusion
This study highlights wide regional variation in early extubation practices. Regions with high successful extubation rates have established extubation guidelines from PCCTs. Successful extubation represents critical care transports that have been avoided. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - May 17, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Knight, P., Norman, V., Gully, R., Wood, D., Raffaj, D., Riddick, L., Hancock, S., Revanna, S., Uvaise, M., Herring, S., Worrall, M., Daye, A., Terris, M., O'Brien, C., Kumar, A., Scott, S., Pritchard, L., Palaniappan, S., Hughes, C., Griksaitis, M. J., R Tags: Paediatric emergency medicine Source Type: research
Birth weight and head circumference discordance and outcome in preterms: results from the EPIPAGE-2 cohort
Conclusions
The relative discordance of these preterm infants’ BW and HC was associated with their neurological outcomes. It merits further exploration as an indirect indicator of development.
Trial registration number
NCT03078439. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - May 17, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Guellec, I., Brunet, A., Lapillonne, A., Taine, M., Torchin, H., Favrais, G., Gascoin, G., Simon, L., Heude, B., Scherdel, P., Kayem, G., Delorme, P., Jarreau, P.-H., Ancel, P.-Y. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Minor head injury and blunt abdominal trauma: when should you use CT imaging?
The use of CT scanning is associated with a radiation risk to children. The younger the child, the higher the risk, with perhaps three times the risk of leukaemia or neurological malignancies in some cases. Over the last few decades, there has been an increase use of CT scanning in trauma, but the yield from CT scanning, in cases of blunt abdominal trauma and head injury is low with only 1%–2% of cases requiring an intervention. So choosing when to scan and when not to scan has been a major point of research and clinical focus over the last decade. A number of clinical prediction rules have been developed to try to a...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - May 17, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Miscellanea Source Type: research
Investigating the air quality surrounding new schools in England: polluted playgrounds and school buildings are a source of avoidable harm
Conclusion
The guidance for school proposals does not include any requirement to assess air quality at the identified site. Building regulations also fail to consider how widespread poor air quality is, and significantly underestimates the levels of major air pollutants surrounding schools. Therefore it is unlikely that adequate action to reduce pupil and staff exposure is undertaken.
We argue that air quality assessment should be mandatory at the proposal and planning stage of any new school building and that national guidance and legislation urgently needs to be updated. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - May 17, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Mahfouz, Y., Tydeman, F., Robertson, M. Tags: Editor's choice, Press releases Original research Source Type: research
PHOX2B: a diagnostic cornerstone in neurocristopathies and neuroblastomas
Paired-like homeobox 2B (PHOX2B) is a gene essential in the development of the autonomic nervous system. PHOX2B mutations are associated with neurocristopathies—Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) and congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS)—and peripheral neuroblastic tumours. PHOXB2 plays an important role in the diagnostics of these conditions.
Genotyping of a PHOX2B pathogenic variant is required to establish a diagnosis of CCHS. In HSCR patients, PHOX2B immunohistochemical staining has proven to be a valuable tool in identifying this disease. Furthermore, PHOXB2 is a predisposition gene for neuroblastoma...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 17, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Windels, M.-L., Cordier, F., Van Dorpe, J., Ferdinande, L., Creytens, D. Tags: Gene of the month Source Type: research
Further expanding the phenotype of anti-Ku antibody associated disease in children and adolescents
Autoantibodies are biomarkers that are often associated with clinical disease clusters in autoimmune diseases. Anti-Ku antibodies are rarely found in pediatric patients. Ku is a 70-80 KDa DNA binding protein that takes a role in DNA repair and phosphorylation of nuclear proteins [1]. After the first reports mentioning anti-Ku antibodies as an indicator of polymyositis-scleroderma overlap [2], these autoantibodies have been associated with several disease states such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs), systemic sclerosis, overlap autoimmune syndromes a...
Source: Neuromuscular Disorders - May 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Ezgi Deniz Batu, Seher Şener, Göknur Haliloğlu, Beril Talim, Burçin Şener, Ümit Murat Şahiner, Yelda Bilginer, Diclehan Orhan, Üstün Aydıngöz, Seza Özen Source Type: research
Early subclinical status epilepticus may contribute to developmental delays in infants with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)
We present a case of a newborn with a prenatally discovered cardiac rhabdomyoma leading to early genetic diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). This early diagnosis prompted a pre-symptomatic electroencephalogram (EEG) which revealed subclinical seizures meeting the definition for status epilepticus on day 1 of life. Anti-seizure medications (ASMs), including vigabatrin, were started. The EPISTOP and PREVeNT trials demonstrated that early life initiation of vigabatrin may reduce the degree of refractory epilepsy and epileptic spasms (ES) in this population (TSC)1-2. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - May 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Alexandria E. Melendez-Zaidi, Kayla L. Pence, Rohini Coorg Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Diagnostic criteria for MOGAD
(Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - May 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Safety and Efficacy of AlphaWave ® l-Theanine Supplementation for 28 Days in Healthy Adults with Moderate Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
ConclusionsAlphaWave®l-Theanine supplementation for 28 days was safe and significantly decreased perceived stress significantly decreased perceived stress and light sleep, improved sleep quality and enhanced cognitive attention in the studied population. Larger, randomized controlled trials with longer duration of AlphaWave®l-Theanine supplementation are warranted to reduce inter-individual variability and the potential placebo effect.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT05808595. (Source: Neurology and Therapy)
Source: Neurology and Therapy - May 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Optimization of the betamethasone and dexamethasone dosing regimen during pregnancy: a combined placenta perfusion and pregnancy physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling approach
Antenatal betamethasone and dexamethasone are prescribed to women who are at high risk of premature birth to prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. The current treatment regimens, effective to prevent neonatal RDS, may be suboptimal. Recently, concerns have been raised regarding possible adverse long-term neurological outcomes due to high fetal drug exposures. Data from non-human primates and sheep suggest maintaining a fetal plasma concentration above 1 ng/mL for 48 hours to retain efficacy, while avoiding undesirable high fetal plasma levels. (Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology)
Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology - May 17, 2024 Category: OBGYN Authors: Joyce E.M. Van Der Heijden, Hedwig Van Hove, Niki M. Van Elst, Petra Van Den Broek, Joris Van Drongelen, Hubertina C.J. Scheepers, Saskia N. De Wildt, Rick Greupink Tags: Original Research: Obstetrics Source Type: research
Genome-wide loss of heterozygosity predicts aggressive, treatment-refractory behavior in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors
AbstractPituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) exhibiting aggressive, treatment-refractory behavior are the rare subset that progress after surgery, conventional medical therapies, and an initial course of radiation and are characterized by unrelenting growth and/or metastatic dissemination. Two groups of patients with PitNETs were sequenced: a prospective group of patients (n = 66) who consented to sequencing prior to surgery and a retrospective group (n = 26) comprised of aggressive/higher risk PitNETs. A higher mutational burden and fraction of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was found in the aggressive, treatme...
Source: Acta Neuropathologica - May 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
