Genetic regulation of cell type –specific chromatin accessibility shapes brain disease etiology | Science
Nucleotide variants in cell type –specific gene regulatory elements in the human brain are risk factors for human disease. We measured chromatin accessibility in 1932 aliquots of sorted neurons and non-neurons from 616 human postmortem brains and ... (Source: Science: Current Issue)
Source: Science: Current Issue - May 23, 2024 Category: Science Source Type: research
Cross-ancestry atlas of gene, isoform, and splicing regulation in the developing human brain | Science
Neuropsychiatric genome-wide association studies (GWASs), including those for autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia, show strong enrichment for regulatory elements in the developing brain. However, prioritizing risk genes and mechanisms is ... (Source: Science: Current Issue)
Source: Science: Current Issue - May 23, 2024 Category: Science Source Type: research
Developmental isoform diversity in the human neocortex informs neuropsychiatric risk mechanisms | Science
RNA splicing is highly prevalent in the brain and has strong links to neuropsychiatric disorders; yet, the role of cell type –specific splicing and transcript-isoform diversity during human brain development has not been systematically investigated. In ... (Source: Science: Current Issue)
Source: Science: Current Issue - May 23, 2024 Category: Science Source Type: research
Single-cell genomics and regulatory networks for 388 human brains | Science
Single-cell genomics is a powerful tool for studying heterogeneous tissues such as the brain. Yet little is understood about how genetic variants influence cell-level gene expression. Addressing this, we uniformly processed single-nuclei, multiomics ... (Source: Science: Current Issue)
Source: Science: Current Issue - May 23, 2024 Category: Science Source Type: research
Molecular cascades and cell type –specific signatures in ASD revealed by single-cell genomics | Science
Genomic profiling in postmortem brain from autistic individuals has consistently revealed convergent molecular changes. What drives these changes and how they relate to genetic susceptibility in this complex condition are not well understood. We ... (Source: Science: Current Issue)
Source: Science: Current Issue - May 23, 2024 Category: Science Source Type: research
Systems biology dissection of PTSD and MDD across brain regions, cell types, and blood | Science
The molecular pathology of stress-related disorders remains elusive. Our brain multiregion, multiomic study of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) included the central nucleus of the amygdala, hippocampal dentate ... (Source: Science: Current Issue)
Source: Science: Current Issue - May 23, 2024 Category: Science Source Type: research
Decoding the Brain | Science
A cell-by-cell look at neuropsychiatric diseases (Source: Science: Current Issue)
Source: Science: Current Issue - May 23, 2024 Category: Science Source Type: research
Mapping the brain ’s gene-regulatory maze | Science
DNA sequences are connected to genes and functions in the developing and adult brain (Source: Science: Current Issue)
Source: Science: Current Issue - May 23, 2024 Category: Science Source Type: research
Investigating the role of axonal ion channel cooperativity in action potential dynamics: Studies on Hodgkin-Huxley's model
Biophys Chem. 2024 May 8;311:107257. doi: 10.1016/j.bpc.2024.107257. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVoltage-gated ion channels play an important role in generating action potential in neurons. These ion channels are found to be in localized cluster form on the axonal membrane surface and behave cooperatively. However, in Hodgkin & Huxley's model of action potential the ion channels are considered to function independently. According to some recent reports, the activity of an ion channel is influenced by the neighboring ion channels' activities. We have modified the Hodgkin-Huxley's model based on our previous studies on...
Source: Biophysical Chemistry - May 23, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jitender Kumar Patrick Das Gupta Subhendu Ghosh Source Type: research
Revolutionizing Infertility Management through Novel Peptide-based Targets
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2024 May 21. doi: 10.2174/0113892037304433240430144106. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAround 48 million couples and 186 million people worldwide have infertility; of these, approximately 85% have an identifiable cause, the most common being ovulatory dysfunctions, male infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome, and tubule disease. The remaining 15% have infertility for unknown reasons, including lifestyle and environmental factors. The regulation of the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) is crucial for the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle...
Source: Current Protein and Peptide Science - May 23, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Vijay Kumar Gaurav Doshi Source Type: research
Role of brain monoamines in acetamiprid-induced anxiety-like behavior
In this study, we aimed to investigate whether MAs affect NNs-induced anxiety-like behavior. Mice were orally administered acetamiprid (ACE), an NN, at the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of mouse (20mg/kg body mass) set by the Food Safety Commission of Japan, and the elevated zero-maze (EZM) test was performed 30min after administration. After behavioral analysis, levels of four MA (dopamine, 3-MT, serotonin, and histamine) in selected brain regions were determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In the exposed group, a trend toward increased anxiety-like behavior was observed, and at least...
Source: Toxicology - May 23, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Anri Hirai Chitoku Toda Yared Beyene Yohannes Nimako Collins Mai Tamba Kei Nomiyama Akifumi Eguchi Nobuhiko Hoshi Tetsushi Hirano Shouta M M Nakayama Mayumi Ishizuka Yoshinori Ikenaka Source Type: research
Testing of acute and sub-acute toxicity profile of novel naproxen sodium nanoformulation in male and female mice
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2024 May 21:105650. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2024.105650. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNanodrugs offer promising alternatives to conventionally used over the counter drugs. Compared to its free form, therapeutic benefits, and gastric tissue safety of naproxen sodium nanoformulation (NpNF) were recently demonstrated. Essential regulatory safety data for this formulation are, however, not available. To address this, male and female BALB/c mice were subjected to acute and 14-day repeated-oral dose assessments. Our data indicate that NpNF was well tolerated up to 2000 mg/kg b.w. A 14-day subacute toxicity...
Source: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP - May 23, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Irfan Zia Qureshi Ayesha Razzaq Syeda Sohaila Naz Source Type: research
Landscape of extrachromosomal circular DNAs, transcriptome, and proteome analysis reveals insights into alcoholic liver cirrhosis
Gene. 2024 May 21:148599. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148599. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAlcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) is a result of excessive and chronic alcohol consumption. Because alchol can cause DNA damage, extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) was investigated in ALC liver due to it can be a result of DNA damage. Considering eccDNA has ability to lead to genomic instability as an enhancer of gene transcription, we utilized Circle-Seq to identify differences in eccDNA profiles and gene expression patterns in liver samples obtained from ALC patients (n = 3) and healthy controls (n = 3) to investigate the role of e...
Source: Gene - May 23, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Jingwen Liu Yuanyuan L Fei Li Xin Zhang Yadong Wang Junying Zhou Source Type: research
Introduction to the assessment and management of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness
CONCLUSION: Management utilises head and body motion detection, and downregulation of visual motion excitability, reducing postural hypervigilance and anxiety. Combinations of physical and cognitive therapies, with antidepressant medications, help if the condition is associated with mood disorder.PMID:38779894 | DOI:10.1017/S0022215123002153 (Source: Journal of Laryngology and Otology)
Source: Journal of Laryngology and Otology - May 23, 2024 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Diego Kaski Source Type: research
Advances in the diagnosis and management of acute vertigo
J Laryngol Otol. 2024 Jun;138(S2):S8-S13. doi: 10.1017/S0022215123002232. Epub 2024 May 23.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Patients presenting to the emergency department with acute vertigo pose a diagnostic challenge. While 'benign' peripheral vestibulopathy is the most common cause, the possibility of a posterior circulation stroke is paradoxically the most feared and missed diagnosis in the emergency department.OBJECTIVES: This review will attempt to cover the significant advances in the ability to diagnose acute vertigo that have occurred in the last two decades. The review discusses the role of neurological examinations, imaging ...
Source: Journal of Laryngology and Otology - May 23, 2024 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: David Herdman Source Type: research
