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What Types of Memory Impairments are There in Children?
Discussion Memory is an important part of what distinguishes higher order species from others. Memory also is part of one’s self-identity. Difficulties in short-term memory can make common, everyday tasks difficult for the person experiencing the problem particularly if it recently occurred and the person’s long-term memory is intact. Difficulties with long-term memory can also have problems when language, events or even one’s own identity are affected. For some people the memory loss is temporary but for others, memory impairments are permanent and must be accepted and accommodated as part of the overall...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - March 30, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Safety and efficacy of GABAA α5 antagonist S44819 in patients with ischaemic stroke: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Publication date: March 2020Source: The Lancet Neurology, Volume 19, Issue 3Author(s): Hugues Chabriat, Claudio L Bassetti, Ute Marx, Marie-Laure Audoli-Inthavong, Aurore Sors, Estelle Lambert, Marine Wattez, Dirk M Hermann, Katharina ALTHAUS, Sergi AMARO, Hee-Joon BAE, Zbigniew BAK, Leonardo BARBARINI, Pietro BASSI, Rodrigo BAZAN, Daniel BERECZKI, Tomasz BERKOWICZ, Joerg BERROUSCHOT, Dylan BLACQUIERE, Waldemar BROLASummaryBackgroundS44819, a selective GABAA α5 receptor antagonist, reduces tonic post-ischaemic inhibition of the peri-infarct cortex. S44819 improved stroke recovery in rodents and increased cortical excitabi...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - February 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effects of virtual reality on balance and gait in stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION: The results show the potential benefit of virtual reality interventions to recover balance and gait after stroke. PMID: 31497866 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Revista de Neurologia - September 10, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Dominguez-Tellez P, Moral-Munoz JA, Casado-Fernandez E, Salazar A, Lucena-Anton D Tags: Rev Neurol Source Type: research

Motor imagery as a complementary technique for functional recovery after stroke: a systematic review.
Conclusions: The use of MI combined with conventional rehabilitation is an effective method for the recovery of functionality after stroke. Due to the great heterogeneity in the scientific literature available, new lines of research are necessary, in order to include well-designed studies of good methodological quality and to establish a consensus regarding the most appropriate protocols. PMID: 31347992 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation - July 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: López ND, Monge Pereira E, Centeno EJ, Miangolarra Page JC Tags: Top Stroke Rehabil Source Type: research

Trajectories of memory, language, and visuoperceptual problems in people with stroke during the first year and controls in Colombia.
Conclusion: These findings suggest profound disparities in post-stroke cognitive functioning in Colombia compared to other more developed global region and underscore the importance of comprehensive cognitive rehabilitation services for individuals with stroke in Colombia and other similar global regions. Implications for rehabilitation Because this study found only negligible cognitive improvements beyond practice effects over the first year after stroke in Colombia among individuals without access to acute rehabilitation, it is imperative that comprehensive cognitive rehabilitation services be implemented immediately dur...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - June 4, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Olabarrieta-Landa L, Pugh M, Calderón Chagualá A, Perrin PB, Arango-Lasprilla JC Tags: Disabil Rehabil Source Type: research

Age- and Sex-Specific Risk Profiles and In-Hospital Mortality in 13,932 Spanish Stroke Patients
Conclusion: Although most of our findings were consistent with previous studies, it is important to take into account and highlight differences in in-hospital mortality between the sex and age group. Not to account for age-related differences between the sexes can give false results that may mislead management decisions. As most deaths in women were related to stroke, it is important to improve their early management, stroke code activation, access to stroke units and/or revascularisation therapies, especially in the older age groups.Cerebrovasc Dis
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 5, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Post-hoc Study of D-Amino Acid Oxidase in Blood as an Indicator of Post-stroke Dementia
In conclusion, our data support that plasma DAO levels were increased in PSD patients and correlated with brain WMH, independent of age, gender, hypertension, and renal function. Plasma DAO levels may therefore aid in PSD diagnosis. Introduction Stroke is a risk factor for both vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease (1, 2). Functional recovery develops over the course of 26 weeks after a stroke (3), but the survivors are often left with disabilities. In addition to the sequelae of acute neuronal damage, the 1-year post-stroke dementia (PSD) rates after first-ever and recurrent stroke are ~10 and 30...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Age-Dependence of Flow Homeostasis in the Left Ventricle
Conclusions: In average, blood spends 1 to 3 beats inside the LV with very low shear stress rates. The apical region is the most prone to blood stasis, particularly in mid-aged adults. The washout of blood in the normal LV is age-dependent due to physiological changes in the degree of apical penetration of the filling waves. Introduction Cardioembolic stroke is a major source of mortality and disability worldwide and blood stasis one of its major determinants (Adams et al., 1986). Left ventricular (LV) function has evolved to maximize mechanical efficiency and ensure organ perfusion at a low cost of energy and fill...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Periodontal Disease Is Associated With Increased Risk of Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study
Conclusion: Periodontal disease is significantly and positively correlated with increased risk of hypertension in Chinese population, and exact mechanisms of this association should be explored in future. Introduction Periodontal disease is a complex polymicrobial inflammation, including gingivitis and periodontitis. According to the 2015 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, the prevalence of severe chronic periodontitis in 2015 has reached 616 million (Kassebaum et al., 2017). In China, the periodontal disease standardized DALYs rate has risen from 24.7 in 1990 to 25.7 in 2013 according to the data from 2013 GBD ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 24, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Development, Validation of LC-MS/MS Method and Determination of Pharmacokinetic Parameters of the Stroke Neuroprotectant Neurounina-1 in Beagle Dog Plasma After Intravenous Administration
Conclusion The developed and validated method to quantify neurounina-1 in beagle dog plasma using LC-MS/MS presented sensitivity and selectivity, thus allowing the rapid and precise determination of the pharmacokinetics of this neuroprotective compound working in the low nanomolar range. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the general ethical guidelines established by the Brazilian Society for Laboratory Animal Science (SBCAL). The protocol was approved by the Committee for Ethics in Animal Use – State University of Campinas (CEUA/UNICAMP, protocol n° 3340-...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 24, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Stroke Dysbiosis Index (SDI) in Gut Microbiome Are Associated With Brain Injury and Prognosis of Stroke
Conclusions: We developed an index to measure gut microbiota dysbiosis in stroke patients; this index was significantly correlated with patients' outcome and was causally related to outcome in a mouse model of stroke. Our model facilitates the potential clinical application of gut microbiota data in stroke and adds quantitative evidence linking the gut microbiota to stroke. Introduction Ischemic stroke imposes a heavy burden on society, with 24.9 million cases worldwide (1). Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment greatly improve some patients' prognosis, the prognosis for most pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Psychosis Polyrisk Score (PPS) for the Detection of Individuals At-Risk and the Prediction of Their Outcomes
Conclusions The combination of risk/protective factors encompassing genetic (PRS) and non-genetic information (PPS) holds promise for overcoming the epidemiological weakness of the CHR-P paradigm. The PPS conceptually and empirically developed here will facilitate future research in this field and hopefully advance our ability to detect individuals at-risk for psychosis and forecast their clinical outcomes. Ethics Statement This study was supported by the King's College London Confidence in Concept award from the Medical Research Council (MRC) (MC_PC_16048) to PF-P. This study also represents independent researc...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Influence of Sex on Stroke Prognosis: A Demographic, Clinical, and Molecular Analysis
Conclusion Our data suggest that women who suffer from IS present with a poorer functional outcome than men at 3-months, regardless of other preclinical and clinical factors during the acute phase. These relationships seem to be mediated by atrial dysfunction and inflammation. The inflammatory response is slightly higher in women; however, there are no sex differences in their functional behavior. There is a probable relationship between the molecular marker of atrial dysfunction NT-proBNP and worse functional outcome in women, and the connection seems to be more important in cardioembolic stroke patients. In patients wi...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Promoter Regions of Intellectual Disability-Associated Genes Are Uniquely Enriched in LTR Sequences of the MER41 Primate-Specific Endogenous Retrovirus: An Evolutionary Connection Between Immunity and Cognition
Discussion We have found that, in the human genome, the promoter regions of ID-associated genes are uniquely enriched in MER41 LTRs. More specifically, nine ID-associated genes that are putatively important in cognitive evolution exhibit MER41 LTRs in their promoter regions. As more than 100 families of HERV are integrated into our genome, it was important to determine whether our findings are specific to MER41 and to ID-associated genes, and if so to what extent. Among the 133 families of HERV explored here, MER41 is the only family whose LTRs were found with statistically high frequency in the promoter regions of ID-ass...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 11, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Collectivism Is Associated With Greater Neurocognitive Fluency in Older Adults
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of self-construal on neurocognitive functions in older adults. A total of 86 community-dwelling older adults 60 years and older were assessed with three common self-report measures of self-construal along individualism and collectivism (IC). A cognitive battery was administered to assess verbal and non-verbal fluency abilities. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to categorize individuals according to IC, and one-way analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), including relevant covariates (e.g., ethnicity, gender, linguistic abilities), were used to compare neurocognitive functions between ...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 10, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

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