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Superbugs, Anti-Vaxxers Make WHO ’ s List Of 10 Global Health Threats
(CNN) — From climate change to superbugs, the World Health Organization has laid out 10 big threats to our global health in 2019. And unless these threats get addressed, millions of lives will be in jeopardy. Here’s a snapshot of 10 urgent health issues, according to the United Nations’ public health agency: Not vaccinating when you can One of the most controversial recent health topics in the US is now an international concern. “Vaccine hesitancy — the reluctance or refusal to vaccinate despite the availability of vaccines — threatens to reverse progress made in tackling vaccine-prevent...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - January 21, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health News CNN Local TV Source Type: news

Improving Sensitivity on Identification and Delineation of Intracranial Hemorrhage Lesion Using Cascaded Deep Learning Models
AbstractHighly accurate detection of the intracranial hemorrhage without delay is a critical clinical issue for the diagnostic decision and treatment in an emergency room. In the context of a study on diagnostic accuracy, there is a tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity. In order to improve sensitivity while preserving specificity, we propose a cascade deep learning model constructed using two convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and dual fully convolutional networks (FCNs). The cascade CNN model is built for identifying bleeding; hereafter the dual FCN is to detect five different subtypes of intracranial hemorrhage...
Source: Journal of Digital Imaging - January 24, 2019 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Psychosis Polyrisk Score (PPS) for the Detection of Individuals At-Risk and the Prediction of Their Outcomes
Conclusions The combination of risk/protective factors encompassing genetic (PRS) and non-genetic information (PPS) holds promise for overcoming the epidemiological weakness of the CHR-P paradigm. The PPS conceptually and empirically developed here will facilitate future research in this field and hopefully advance our ability to detect individuals at-risk for psychosis and forecast their clinical outcomes. Ethics Statement This study was supported by the King's College London Confidence in Concept award from the Medical Research Council (MRC) (MC_PC_16048) to PF-P. This study also represents independent researc...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Early History of Amnesia.
Authors: Langer KG Abstract Memory and forgetfulness have been viewed since antiquity from perspectives of physical, emotional, and spiritual states of well-being, and conceptualized philosophically. Numerous discussions of memory loss, or case reports, existed, but a fundamental advance in conceptualization of memory loss as a pathological clinical phenomenon originated when Sauvages classified "amnesia" as a medical disorder, in 1763. Originally, amnesia was recognized as a weakening or dissolution of memory, according to a taxonomy that ascribed known causes to the disorder. Etiologic factors included neurologic...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - June 22, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 19, Pages 3482: 3D Simulations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Detection Using Broadband Microwave Technology
Persson Early, preferably prehospital, detection of intracranial bleeding after trauma or stroke would dramatically improve the acute care of these large patient groups. In this paper, we use simulated microwave transmission data to investigate the performance of a machine learning classification algorithm based on subspace distances for the detection of intracranial bleeding. A computational model, consisting of realistic human head models of patients with bleeding, as well as healthy subjects, was inserted in an antenna array model. The Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method was then used to generate simulated t...
Source: Sensors - August 8, 2019 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Andreas Fhager Stefan Candefjord Mikael Elam Mikael Persson Tags: Article Source Type: research

Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Signaling Underlying Chronic Pain and Neuroprotective Mechanisms through Prothymosin α.
Abstract For my Ph.D. research topic, I isolated endogenous morphine-like analgesic dipeptide, kyotorphin, which mediates Met-enkephalin release, and discovered kyotorphin synthetase, a putative receptor and antagonist. Furthermore, I succeeded in purifying μ-opioid receptor and functional reconstitution with purified G proteins. After receiving my full professor position at Nagasaki University in 1996, I worked on two topics of research, molecular mechanisms of chronic pain through lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and identification and characterization of neuroprotective protein, prothymosin α. In a series of studi...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - November 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ueda H Tags: Yakugaku Zasshi Source Type: research

What Are Some Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy?
Discussion The term, cerebral palsy, or CP has gone through many iterations with the first description in 1861 by W.J. Little who described it as “The condition of spastic rigidity of the limbs of newborn children.” The most recent definition is from Rosenbaun et al. in 2007 which states it is “a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. The motor disorders of cerebral palsy are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cog...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - March 9, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Brain lesions on DWI-MRI linked to poor outcomes for some
Lesions that appear on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) MRI scans represent...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading: Deep-learning model detects cerebral microbleeds on MRI Key MRI markers link vascular brain injury to health risks 5 risk factors help predict brain hemorrhage on CT Combination of ultrasound, tPA may boost stroke treatment CT guidance helps brain hemorrhage outcomes
Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines - July 21, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: news

An East Coast Perspective on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Part 1: Hemorrhagic Stroke Imaging and Triage
Publication date: Available online 17 September 2020Source: Neuroimaging Clinics of North AmericaAuthor(s): Rajiv Gupta, Sanjith Prahas Krishnam, Pamela W. Schaefer, Michael H. Lev, R. Gilberto Gonzalez
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics of North America - September 18, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Machine learning boosts chest CT's performance
Machine learning-based CT texture analysis software improves reader accuracy...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading: AI can quantify hematoma in hemorrhagic stroke patients Large study confirms value of CT lung cancer screening CT radiation doses for COVID-19 patients vary widely CT lung screening scans also work for bone density CT lung screening program falls short in China
Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines - November 18, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: news

Deep Learning-Based Approach for the Diagnosis of Moyamoya Disease
Moyamoya disease is a unique cerebrovascular disorder that is characterized by chronic progressive bilateral stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid arteries (ICAs), and it is associated with the formation of an abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain.1,2 For the diagnosis of the moyamoya disease, digital subtraction angiography (DSA), which helps evaluate collateral circulation from the view point of the hemorrhagic risk, is the gold standard.3,4 On the contrary, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can be used as alternatives to conventional angiography bec...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 25, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Yukinori Akiyama, Takeshi Mikami, Nobuhiro Mikuni Source Type: research

Neurologic Complications in Patients With Cancer
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Neurologic complications in patients with cancer can significantly impact morbidity and mortality. Although these complications can be seen in patients without cancer as well, the purpose of this review is to highlight how the presentation, etiology, and management of delirium, seizures, cerebrovascular disease, and central nervous system infections may be different in patients with cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Some of the newer anticancer therapies are associated with neurologic complications. Delirium and seizures have been described in patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell the...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - December 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Deep Learning-Based Screening Test for Cognitive Impairment Using Basic Blood Test Data for Health Examination
Conclusions: The DNN model could predict cognitive function accurately. The predicted MMSE scores were significantly lower than the ground truth scores in the Healthy and Health examination groups, while there was no significant difference in the Patient group. We suggest that the difference between the predicted and ground truth MMSE scores was caused by changes in atherosclerosis with aging, and that applying the DNN model to younger subjects may predict future cognitive impairment after the onset of atherosclerosis.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - December 14, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Imaging-Based Outcome Prediction of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
AbstractWe hypothesized that imaging-only-based machine learning algorithms can analyze non-enhanced CT scans of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This retrospective multicenter cohort study analyzed 520 non-enhanced CT scans and clinical data of patients with acute spontaneous ICH. Clinical outcome at hospital discharge was dichotomized into good outcome and poor outcome using different modified Rankin Scale (mRS) cut-off values. Predictive performance of a random forest machine learning approach based on filter- and texture-derived high-end image features was evaluated for differentiation of functional ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

C-Reactive Protein Triggers Cell Death in Ischemic Cells
C-reactive protein (CRP) is the best-known acute phase protein. In humans, almost every type of inflammation is accompanied by an increase of CRP concentration. Until recently, the only known physiological function of CRP was the marking of cells to initiate their phagocytosis. This triggers the classical complement pathway up to C4, which helps to eliminate pathogens and dead cells. However, vital cells with reduced energy supply are also marked, which is useful in the case of a classical external wound because an important substrate for pathogens is disposed of, but is counterproductive at internal wounds (e.g., heart at...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 10, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

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