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Effect of a multinutrient intervention after ischemic stroke in female C57Bl/6 mice
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Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - September 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Maximilian Wiesmann, Nienke M Timmer, Bastian Zinnhardt, Dirk Reinhard, Sarah Eligehausen, Anja K önigs, Hasnae Ben Jeddi, Pieter J Dederen, Andreas H Jacobs, Amanda J Kiliaan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Impact of hydroxytyrosol on stroke: tracking therapy response on neuroinflammation and cerebrovascular parameters using PET-MR imaging and on functional outcomes
Conclusion: An HT-enriched diet significantly increased the number of Iba-1+ microglia/macrophages in the post-ischemic area, inducing higher expression of anti-inflammatory markers while no clear-cut effect was observed. Also, HT did not affect recovery of the cerebrovascular parameters, including ADC and CBF.Altogether, our data indicated that a prolonged dietary intervention with HT, as a single component of the Mediterranean diet, induces molecular changes that may improve stroke outcomes. Therefore, we support the use of the Mediterranean diet as a multicomponent therapy approach after stroke.
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cristina Barca, Maximilian Wiesmann, Jes ú s Calahorra, Lydia Wachsmuth, Christian D ö ring, Claudia Foray, Ali Heiradi, Sven Hermann, Maria Á ngeles Peinado, Eva Siles, Cornelius Faber, Michael Sch ä fers, Amanda J Kiliaan, Andreas H. Jacobs, Bastian Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Prolonged High Fat Diet Worsens the Cellular Response to a Small, Covert-like Ischemic Stroke
Publication date: Available online 4 February 2019Source: NeuroscienceAuthor(s): Kathleen E. Fifield, Todd M. Rowe, Joanna B. Raman-Nair, Michiru Hirasawa, Jacqueline L. VanderluitAbstractObesity is associated with worse neurological outcomes following overt ischemic strokes. The majority of strokes however, are covert, small strokes that often evade detection. How obesity impacts the cellular response to covert strokes is unclear. Here, we used a diet-induced obesity model by feeding mice a high fat diet (HFD) and examining its impact on the behavioral and cellular responses to either an Endothelin-1-induced focal ischemi...
Source: Neuroscience - February 5, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Posterior Circulation Ischaemic Stroke
Am J Med Sci. 2022 Jan 29:S0002-9629(22)00030-1. doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.10.027. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPosterior circulation ischaemic stroke (PCIS) is a disease of high burden. They account for 20-25% of all ischaemic strokes. However, it is relatively under-researched and requires more clinical attention, since it carries worse functional outcomes. Vertigo, visual disturbances and sensory/motor disturbances are found in PCIS. Large artery atherosclerosis and embolism are main causes of PCIS, while there is growing evidence that vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia is a key association. Hypertension is the commonest r...
Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences - February 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mr Alexander Ng Source Type: research

Stenosis Length and Degree Interact With the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events Related to Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis
Conclusion: We found a statistically insignificant tendency for the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<70% to be longer than that of sICAS≥70%. Moreover, the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<90% was significantly longer than that of sICAS 90%. Among patients with sICAS≥70%, the degree and length of stenosis were inversely correlated. Larger studies are needed before a clinical implication can be drawn from these results. Introduction Internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) causes around one-fifth of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke and has the highest risk of early stroke recurrence...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Potential Applications of Remote Limb Ischemic Conditioning for Chronic Cerebral Circulation Insufficiency
Conclusion Due to its long-term and often invisible course, CCCI has received less attention than acute cerebral ischemic stroke. However, without appropriate intervention, CCCI may lead to a variety of adverse events. Because the pathophysiological changes associated with CCCI are complex, pharmacological research in this area has been disappointing. Recent research suggests that RLIC, which is less invasive and more well-tolerated than drug treatment, can activate endogenous protective mechanisms during CCCI. In the present report, we reviewed studies related to CCCI (Table 1), as well as those related to stroke and sta...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

An Evaluation of Personal Cooling Systems for Reducing Thermal Strain Whilst Working in Chemical/Biological Protective Clothing
Conclusion: The IV, PCM, and SLIV produced lower heart rate, mean skin, rectal and mean body temperatures in addition to improved work times compared to control. The WS did not improve work times possibly as a result of the cooling capacity of the suit abating, and magnifying thermal insulation. Considering the added time and resources required to implement combination cooling in the form of ice slurry and ice vest (SLIV), there was no significant additive effect for perception, cardiovascular strain, rectal temperature and total trial time relative to the phase change vest or ice vest alone. This may be a product of a &#x...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 11, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Programming During and After Diabetic Pregnancy: Role of Placental Dysfunction and IUGR
This study demonstrated that the incidence of ischemic heart disease and death were three times higher among men with low birth weight compared to men with high birth weight (5). Epidemiological investigations of adults born at the time of the Dutch famine between 1944 and 1945 revealed an association between maternal starvation and a low infant birth weight with a high incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease in these adults (23). Furthermore, Painter et al. reported the incidence of early onset coronary heart disease among persons conceived during the Dutch famine (24). In that regard, Barker's findin...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Is Aberrant Reno-Renal Reflex Control of Blood Pressure a Contributor to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension?
This study demonstrated unaltered vascular conductance in response to lumbar sympathetic stimulation in CIH-exposed rats. Aortic compliance was increased and estimated blood volume was unchanged in CIH-exposed rats. Increased blood pressure was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was confirmed by echocardiography (Lucking et al., 2014). It is suggested therefore that hypertension in the CIH model can be evoked by over-excitation of the cardiac arm of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), even before mechanisms of enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction are initiated (Naghshin et al., 2009)....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Nutrition, risk factors, prevention, and imaging: The 2018 Mario Verani Lecture
AbstractHeart disease has been the leading cause of death in the United States since 1918. Cardiac mortality rates have dramatically decreased in this era of advanced medical and interventional therapies. However, this has been aptly described as “mopping up the floor instead of turning off the faucet.” With this recognition, prevention in cardiology is poised to become a central focus. Within prevention, dietary intervention is recognized as the single largest opportunity for improved cardiovascular outcomes, including improvement or el imination of cardiac risk factors, prevention of myocardial infarction, stroke and...
Source: Journal of Nuclear Cardiology - November 5, 2018 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Photoacoustic microscopy of obesity-induced cerebrovascular alterations
Publication date: Available online 13 December 2018Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Rui Cao, Jun Li, Chenchu Zhang, Zhiyi Zuo, Song HuAbstractCerebral small vessel disease has been linked to cognitive, psychiatric and physical disabilities, especially in the elderly. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, largely due to the limited accessibility of these small vessels in the live brain. Here, we report an intravital imaging and analysis platform for high-resolution, quantitative and comprehensive characterization of pathological alterations in the mouse cerebral microvasculature. By exploiting...
Source: NeuroImage - December 15, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Challenge to the Intestinal Mucosa During Sepsis
Conclusion The impact of sepsis on the gut is manifold, e.g., sepsis mediated alteration of the gut-blood barrier and increase in the intestinal permeability, which may correlate with the phenomena of bacterial translocation and lymphatic activation (“toxic-lymph”). Systemic consequences of sepsis are widespread and concern to the coagulative system, the microbiome as well as enzymes, such as pancreatic proteases, MMPs and IAPs. Nevertheless, the therapeutic approaches for modulating the mucosal immune system are still rarely effective in daily routine. Recent published studies showing that treatment with ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Perturbations in myocardial perfusion and oxygen balance in swine with multiple risk factors: a novel model of ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease
In conclusion, common comorbidities in swine result in CMD, in the absence of appreciable atherosclerosis, which is severe en ough to produce perturbations in myocardial oxygen balance, particularly during exercise, resembling key features of INOCA.
Source: Basic Research in Cardiology - February 24, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research