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Source: Hypertension
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Total 263 results found since Jan 2013.
Critical Blood Pressure Threshold Dependence of Hypertensive Injury and Repair in a Malignant Nephrosclerosis Model Kidney
Most patients with essential hypertension do not exhibit substantial renal damage. Renal autoregulation by preventing glomerular transmission of systemic pressures has been postulated to mediate this resistance. Conversely, malignant nephrosclerosis (MN) has been postulated to develop when severe hypertension exceeds a critical ceiling. If the concept is valid, even modest blood pressure (BP) reductions to below this threshold regardless of antihypertensive class (1) should prevent MN and (2) lead to the healing of the already developed MN lesions. Both predicates were tested using BP radiotelemetry in the stroke-prone spo...
Source: Hypertension - September 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Griffin, K. A., Polichnowski, A., Litbarg, N., Picken, M., Venkatachalam, M. A., Bidani, A. K. Tags: Animal models of human disease Kidney Source Type: research
Healthy Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Treatment-Resistant Hypertension: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study Epidemiology/Population
In conclusion, healthy lifestyle factors, particularly physical activity and nonsmoking, are associated with a lower risk for cardiovascular events and mortality among individuals with apparent treatment-resistant hypertension.
Source: Hypertension - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Diaz, K. M., Booth, J. N., Calhoun, D. A., Irvin, M. R., Howard, G., Safford, M. M., Muntner, P., Shimbo, D. Tags: Other hypertension, Epidemiology Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
Subjective Cognitive Failures in Patients With Hypertension Are Related to Cognitive Performance and Cerebral Microbleeds Brain and Cognition
Previous studies on the relationship between subjective cognitive failures (SCF) and objective cognitive function have shown inconsistent results. In addition, research on the association between SCF and imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease is limited. We investigated whether SCF in patients with essential hypertension, who are at high risk of cerebral small vessel disease, are associated with objective cognitive function and magnetic resonance imaging manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease. We included 109 patients with hypertension who underwent extensive neuropsychological assessment, including ques...
Source: Hypertension - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Uiterwijk, R., Huijts, M., Staals, J., Duits, A., Gronenschild, E., Kroon, A. A., de Leeuw, P. W., van Oostenbrugge, R. J. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Brain and Cognition Source Type: research
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Silent Brain Infarcts in a Mediterranean Cohort of Hypertensives Brain and Cognition
Silent brain infarcts (SBIs) are detected by neuroimaging in approximately 20% of elderly patients in population-based studies. Limited evidence is available for hypertensives at low cardiovascular risk countries. Investigating Silent Strokes in Hypertensives: a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study (ISSYS) is aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of SBIs in a hypertensive Mediterranean population. This is a cohort study in randomly selected hypertensives, aged 50 to 70 years old, and free of clinical stroke and dementia. On baseline, all participants underwent a brain magnetic resonance imaging to assess prevalence a...
Source: Hypertension - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Delgado, P., Riba-Llena, I., Tovar, J. L., Jarca, C. I., Mundet, X., Lopez-Rueda, A., Orfila, F., Llussa, J., Manresa, J. M., Alvarez-Sabin, J., Nafria, C., Fernandez, J. L., Maisterra, O., Montaner, J., on behalf of ISSYS Investigators* Tags: Cerebral Lacunes Brain and Cognition Source Type: research
Impaired Cardiovascular Structure and Function in Adult Survivors of Severe Acute Malnutrition Acute Malnutrition and Hypertension
Malnutrition below 5 years remains a global health issue. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) presents in childhood as oedematous (kwashiorkor) or nonoedematous (marasmic) forms, with unknown long-term cardiovascular consequences. We hypothesized that cardiovascular structure and function would be poorer in SAM survivors than unexposed controls. We studied 116 adult SAM survivors, 54 after marasmus, 62 kwashiorkor, and 45 age/sex/body mass index–matched community controls who had standardized anthropometry, blood pressure, echocardiography, and arterial tonometry performed. Left ventricular indices and outflow tract diam...
Source: Hypertension - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tennant, I. A., Barnett, A. T., Thompson, D. S., Kips, J., Boyne, M. S., Chung, E. E., Chung, A. P., Osmond, C., Hanson, M. A., Gluckman, P. D., Segers, P., Cruickshank, J. K., Forrester, T. E. Tags: Nutrition, Remodeling, Cardiac development Acute Malnutrition and Hypertension Source Type: research
Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity Is a Strong Predictor for Mortality in Patients With Acute Stroke Epidemiology/Population
This study suggested that measurement of baPWV during the acute phase of stroke might be useful in identifying patients at a higher risk for mortality.
Source: Hypertension - July 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kim, J., Song, T.-J., Song, D., Lee, K. J., Kim, E. H., Lee, H. S., Nam, C. M., Nam, H. S., Kim, Y. D., Heo, J. H. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Pathophysiology, Other diagnostic testing, Acute Cerebral Infarction Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
Comparison of the Treatment Implications of American Society of Hypertension and International Society of Hypertension 2013 and Eighth Joint National Committee Guidelines: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Guidelines
Multiple guidelines and statements related to hypertension have recently been published. Much discord has arisen from discrepant treatment and target systolic blood pressure thresholds for individuals aged 60 to 79 years of <150 mm Hg in the guideline published by members assigned to the Eighth Joint National Committee and <140 mm Hg in a statement by the American Society of Hypertension and International Society of Hypertension 2013. We sought to evaluate the public health implications of these differences using data from the 2005 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles. NHANES is an...
Source: Hypertension - July 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Murthy, V. L., Shah, R. V., Rubenfire, M., Brook, R. D. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Guidelines Source Type: research
Office, Home, and Ambulatory Blood Pressures as Predictors of Cardiovascular Risk Monitoring
Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) is considered as the gold standard of BP measurement although it has not been shown to be more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk than is home BP. Our objective was to compare the prognostic value of office, home, and ambulatory BP for cardiovascular risk in 502 participants examined in 1992 to 1996. The end point was a composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure hospitalization, and coronary intervention. We assessed the prognostic value of each BP in multivariable-adjusted Cox models. The likelihood 2 ratio value was used to test whether the...
Source: Hypertension - July 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Niiranen, T. J., Maki, J., Puukka, P., Karanko, H., Jula, A. M. Tags: Other hypertension, Other diagnostic testing Monitoring Source Type: research
Adaptor Protein p66Shc Mediates Hypertension-Associated, Cyclic Stretch-Dependent, Endothelial Damage Endothelium
Increased cyclic stretch to the vessel wall, as observed in hypertension, leads to endothelial dysfunction through increased free radical production and reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Genetic deletion of the adaptor protein p66Shc protects mice against age-related and hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction, as well as atherosclerosis and stroke. Furthermore, p66Shc mediates vascular dysfunction in hypertensive mice. However, the direct role of p66Shc in mediating mechanical force–induced free radical production is unknown; thus, we studied the effect of cyclic stretch on p66Shc activation in primary hum...
Source: Hypertension - July 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Spescha, R. D., Glanzmann, M., Simic, B., Witassek, F., Keller, S., Akhmedov, A., Tanner, F. C., Luscher, T. F., Camici, G. G. Tags: Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Source Type: research
Redefined Blood Pressure Variability Measure and Its Association With Mortality in Elderly Primary Care Patients Epidemiology/Population
The objective of our study is to define a variability measure that is independent of change over time and determine the association between longitudinal summary measures of BP measurements and mortality risk. Data for the study came from a prospective cohort of 2906 adults, aged ≥60 years, in an urban primary care system with ≤15 years of follow-up. Dates of death for deceased participants were retrieved from the National Death Index. Systolic and diastolic BP measurements from outpatient clinic visits were extracted from the Regenstrief Medical Record System. For each patient, the intercept, regression slope, and ro...
Source: Hypertension - June 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gao, S., Hendrie, H. C., Wang, C., Stump, T. E., Stewart, J. C., Kesterson, J., Clark, D. O., Callahan, C. M. Tags: Clinical Studies Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
Mediterranean Diet Reduces 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, and Lipids: One-Year Randomized, Clinical Trial Clinical Trial: PREDIMED Trial
The PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial showed that Mediterranean diets (MedDiets) supplemented with either extravirgin olive oil or nuts reduced cardiovascular events, particularly stroke, compared with a control, lower fat diet. The mechanisms of cardiovascular protection remain unclear. We evaluated the 1-year effects of supplemented MedDiets on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP), blood glucose, and lipids. Randomized, parallel-design, controlled trial was conducted in 2 PREDIMED sites. Diets were ad libitum, and no advice on increasing physical activity or reducing sodium intake was giv...
Source: Hypertension - June 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Domenech, M., Roman, P., Lapetra, J., Garcia de la Corte, F. J., Sala-Vila, A., de la Torre, R., Corella, D., Salas-Salvado, J., Ruiz-Gutierrez, V., Lamuela-Raventos, R.-M., Toledo, E., Estruch, R., Coca, A., Ros, E. Tags: Other hypertension Clinical Trial: PREDIMED Trial Source Type: research
Applanation Tonometry in Mice: A Novel Noninvasive Technique to Assess Pulse Wave Velocity and Arterial Stiffness Arterial Stiffness
Arterial stiffening is the root cause of a range of cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy, stroke, renal failure, dementia, and death, and a hallmark of the aging process. The most important in vivo parameter of arterial stiffness is pulse wave velocity (PWV). Clinically, PWV is determined noninvasively using applanation tonometry. Unlike the clinical value of arterial stiffness and PWV, techniques to determine PWV in mice are scarce. The only way to determine aortic PWV noninvasively in the mouse is by using ultrasound echo Doppler velocimetry. It is a fast, efficient,...
Source: Hypertension - June 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Leloup, A. J. A., Fransen, P., Van Hove, C. E., Demolder, M., De Keulenaer, G. W., Schrijvers, D. M. Tags: Other diagnostic testing, Other Research Arterial Stiffness Source Type: research
Common Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Measurements Do Not Improve Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in Individuals With Elevated Blood Pressure: The USE-IMT Collaboration Epidemiology/Population
Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a marker of cardiovascular risk. It is unclear whether measurement of mean common CIMT improves 10-year risk prediction of first-time myocardial infarction or stroke in individuals with elevated blood pressure. We performed an analysis among individuals with elevated blood pressure (ie, a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg) in USE-IMT, a large ongoing individual participant data meta-analysis. We refitted the risk factors of the Framingham Risk Score on asymptomatic individuals (baseline model) and expanded this model with mean common ...
Source: Hypertension - May 7, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bots, M. L., Groenewegen, K. A., Anderson, T. J., Britton, A. R., Dekker, J. M., Engstrom, G., Evans, G. W., de Graaf, J., Grobbee, D. E., Hedblad, B., Hofman, A., Holewijn, S., Ikeda, A., Kavousi, M., Kitagawa, K., Kitamura, A., Ikram, M. A., Lonn, E. M. Tags: Imaging Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Risk With and Without Antihypertensive Drug Treatment in the Japanese General Population: Participant-Level Meta-Analysis Epidemiology/Population
To evaluate the cardiovascular mortality risk in association with blood pressure level among people with and without antihypertensive treatment, we performed the participant-level meta-analysis that included 39 705 Japanese from 6 cohorts (58.4% women; mean age, 60.1 years; 20.4% treated). Multivariable-adjusted Cox models were used to analyze the risk of cardiovascular mortality and its subtypes among 6 blood pressure levels according to recent guidelines, optimal to Grade 3 hypertension, and the usage of antihypertensive medication at baseline. During median 10.0 years of follow-up, there were 2032 cardiovascular deaths ...
Source: Hypertension - May 7, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Asayama, K., Satoh, M., Murakami, Y., Ohkubo, T., Nagasawa, S.-y., Tsuji, I., Nakayama, T., Okayama, A., Miura, K., Imai, Y., Ueshima, H., Okamura, T., on behalf of the Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention From Observational Cohorts in Japan (EPOCH-JAPA Tags: Epidemiology Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
Day-to-Day Variability in Home Blood Pressure Is Associated With Cognitive Decline: The Ohasama Study Blood Pressure Variability and Cognitive Decline
The objectives of this prospective study were to clarify whether home blood pressure has a stronger predictive power for cognitive decline than conventional blood pressure and to compare the predictive power of the averaged home blood pressure with day-to-day home blood pressure variability for cognitive decline. Of 485 participants (mean age, 63 years) who did not have cognitive decline (defined as Mini-Mental State Examination score, <24) initially, 46 developed cognitive decline after a median follow-up of 7.8 years. Each 1-SD increase in the home systolic blood pressure value showed a significant association with co...
Source: Hypertension - May 7, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Matsumoto, A., Satoh, M., Kikuya, M., Ohkubo, T., Hirano, M., Inoue, R., Hashimoto, T., Hara, A., Hirose, T., Obara, T., Metoki, H., Asayama, K., Hosokawa, A., Totsune, K., Hoshi, H., Hosokawa, T., Sato, H., Imai, Y. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Blood Pressure Variability and Cognitive Decline Source Type: research
