Mediterranean Diet Reduces 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, and Lipids: One-Year Randomized, Clinical Trial [Clinical Trial: PREDIMED Trial]

The PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial showed that Mediterranean diets (MedDiets) supplemented with either extravirgin olive oil or nuts reduced cardiovascular events, particularly stroke, compared with a control, lower fat diet. The mechanisms of cardiovascular protection remain unclear. We evaluated the 1-year effects of supplemented MedDiets on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP), blood glucose, and lipids. Randomized, parallel-design, controlled trial was conducted in 2 PREDIMED sites. Diets were ad libitum, and no advice on increasing physical activity or reducing sodium intake was given. Participants were 235 subjects (56.5% women; mean age, 66.5 years) at high cardiovascular risk (85.4% with hypertension). Adjusted changes from baseline in mean systolic BP were –2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], –4.0 to –0.5) mm Hg and –2.6 (95% CI, –4.3 to –0.9) mm Hg in the MedDiets with olive oil and the MedDiets with nuts, respectively, and 1.7 (95% CI, –0.1 to 3.5) mm Hg in the control group (P<0.001). Respective changes in mean diastolic BP were –1.2 (95% CI, –2.2 to –0.2), –1.2 (95% CI, –2.2 to –0.2), and 0.7 (95% CI, –0.4 to 1.7) mm Hg (P=0.017). Daytime and nighttime BP followed similar patterns. Mean changes from baseline in fasting blood glucose were –6.1, –4.6, and 3.5 mg/dL (P=0.016) in the MedDiets with olive oil, MedDiets with nuts, and con...

Source: Hypertension - June 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Domenech, M., Roman, P., Lapetra, J., Garcia de la Corte, F. J., Sala-Vila, A., de la Torre, R., Corella, D., Salas-Salvado, J., Ruiz-Gutierrez, V., Lamuela-Raventos, R.-M., Toledo, E., Estruch, R., Coca, A., Ros, E. Tags: Other hypertension Clinical Trial: PREDIMED Trial Source Type: research