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Source: Hypertension

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Total 263 results found since Jan 2013.

Roles of Caveolin-1 in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertrophy and Inward Remodeling of Cerebral Pial Arterioles Vessel Remodeling
In conclusion, Cav-1 is essential in Ang II–mediated inward remodeling and hypertrophy in pial arterioles. Cav-1–induced MMP9 is exclusively involved in inward remodeling, not hypertrophy. Further studies are needed to determine the role of Akt in Ang II–mediated hypertrophy.
Source: Hypertension - February 10, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Umesalma, S., Houwen, F. K., Baumbach, G. L., Chan, S.-L. Tags: Hypertension, Vascular Disease Vessel Remodeling Source Type: research

Retinal Microvasculature Is Associated With Long-Term Survival in the General Adult Dutch Population Epidemiology/Population
Retinal vascular diameters are associated with (sub)clinical cardiovascular disease and short-term cardiovascular mortality, but their association with long-term mortality is uncertain. We studied the association of retinal vascular diameters with cause-specific mortality in the general adult Dutch population during 25 years of follow-up. From 1990 to 1993, arteriolar and venular diameters were measured semiautomatically on digitized images in 5674 persons (mean age 68.0 years, 59% women) from the population-based Rotterdam study. Follow-up for mortality was complete till March 2015. Associations between vascular diameters...
Source: Hypertension - January 13, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mutlu, U., Ikram, M. K., Wolters, F. J., Hofman, A., Klaver, C. C. W., Ikram, M. A. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Mortality/Survival, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Apparent Treatment Resistant Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease: Report From the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study Resistant Hypertension
The association between apparent treatment resistant hypertension (ATRH) and clinical outcomes is not well studied in chronic kidney disease. We analyzed data on 3367 hypertensive participants in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) to determine prevalence, associations, and clinical outcomes of ATRH in nondialysis chronic kidney disease patients. ATRH was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg on ≥3 antihypertensives, or use of ≥4 antihypertensives with blood pressure at goal at baseline visit. Prevalence of ATRH was 40.4%. Older age, male sex, black race, diabetes mellitus, and higher body mass index w...
Source: Hypertension - January 13, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Thomas, G., Xie, D., Chen, H.-Y., Anderson, A. H., Appel, L. J., Bodana, S., Brecklin, C. S., Drawz, P., Flack, J. M., Miller, E. R., Steigerwalt, S. P., Townsend, R. R., Weir, M. R., Wright, J. T., Rahman, M., CRIC Study Investigators Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension, Mortality/Survival Resistant Hypertension Source Type: research

Long-Term Stroke Risk Due to Partial White-Coat or Masked Hypertension Based on Home and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements: The Ohasama Study Epidemiology/Population
In conclusion, impacts of partial WCHT as well as partial masked hypertension for long-term stroke risk were comparable to those of complete masked hypertension or sustained hypertension. We need both home and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurements to evaluate stroke risk accurately.
Source: Hypertension - December 9, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Satoh, M., Asayama, K., Kikuya, M., Inoue, R., Metoki, H., Hosaka, M., Tsubota-Utsugi, M., Obara, T., Ishiguro, A., Murakami, K., Matsuda, A., Yasui, D., Murakami, T., Mano, N., Imai, Y., Ohkubo, T. Tags: Epidemiology, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research

Achieved Blood Pressure and Outcomes in the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes Trial Clinical Trial
Abstract— Studies suggest a J-shaped association between blood pressure and cardiovascular events in the setting of intensive systolic blood pressure control; whether there is a similar association with stroke remains less well established. The Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes was a randomized trial to evaluate higher (130–149 mm Hg) versus lower (<130 mm Hg) systolic blood pressure targets in participants with recent lacunar infarcts. We evaluated the association of mean achieved blood pressure, 6 months after randomization, and recurrent stroke, major vascular events, and all-cause mortali...
Source: Hypertension - December 9, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Odden, M. C., McClure, L. A., Sawaya, B. P., White, C. L., Peralta, C. A., Field, T. S., Hart, R. G., Benavente, O. R., Pergola, P. E. Tags: Clinical Studies, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Clinical Trial Source Type: research

Earlier Age of Onset of Chronic Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus After a Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy or Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Epidemiology/Population
A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess the impact of a history of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the risk and age of onset of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life, independent of hypertension and T2D. Between 1993 and 1997, 22 265 ever-pregnant women were included from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-NL study, aged 20 to 70 years at baseline. Details on complications of pregnancy and known hypertension were obtained by questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured at enrollme...
Source: Hypertension - November 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Heida, K. Y., Franx, A., van Rijn, B. B., Eijkemans, M. J. C., Boer, J. M. A., Verschuren, M. W. M., Oudijk, M. A., Bots, M. L., van der Schouw, Y. T. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, Type 2, Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research

Hypertensive Target Organ Damage and Longitudinal Changes in Brain Structure and Function: The Second Manifestations of Arterial Disease-Magnetic Resonance Study Cognitive Decline and Blood Pressure
We examined the association of hypertensive target organ damage with longitudinal changes in brain structure and function within the Second Manifestations of Arterial Disease–Magnetic Resonance (SMART-MR) study. Renal function, albuminuria, and left ventricular hypertrophy on electrocardiography were measured in 663 patients with manifest arterial disease (mean age, 57±9 years; 81% men). Automated brain segmentation was used to quantify progression of global brain atrophy (change in brain parenchymal fraction) and progression of cerebral small vessel disease on 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging, and memory and e...
Source: Hypertension - November 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: van der Veen, P. H., Geerlings, M. I., Visseren, F. L. J., Nathoe, H. M., Mali, W. P. T. M., van der Graaf, Y., Muller, M., for the SMART Study Group* Tags: Risk Factors, Hypertension, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Vascular Disease Cognitive Decline and Blood Pressure Source Type: research

Downregulation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor and Associated Antioxidant Genes Contributes to Redox-Sensitive Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension Oxidative Stress
Oxidative stress is implicated in vascular dysfunction in hypertension. Although mechanisms regulating vascular pro-oxidants are emerging, there is a paucity of information on antioxidant systems, particularly nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor (Nrf2), a master regulator of antioxidants enzymes. We evaluated the vascular regulatory role of Nrf2 in hypertension and examined molecular mechanisms, whereby Nrf2 influences redox signaling in small arteries and vascular smooth muscle cells from Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Cells were stimulated with angiotensin II in t...
Source: Hypertension - November 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lopes, R. A., Neves, K. B., Tostes, R. C., Montezano, A. C., Touyz, R. M. Tags: Hypertension Oxidative Stress Source Type: research

Abstract 097: Vascular Aging in Aldosterone Associated Hypertension: Role of NADPH Oxidase 1 Session Title: Concurrent XVI A: Oxidative Stress I
In conclusion, endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodelling in hypertension are associated with increased aldo-mediated activation of pro-inflammatory and redox-sensitive pathways. These processes involve Nox1. Our findings identify an important role for aldo/Nox1/ROS in molecular processes underlying vascular changes of ageing in hypertension.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Harvey, A., Montezano, A. C., Hood, K. Y., Lopes, R. A., Graham, D., Touyz, R. M. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XVI A: Oxidative Stress I Source Type: research

Abstract P012: Mycophenolate Mofetil Prevents Cerebrovascular Injury in Stroke-prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
The stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat strain (SHR-A3) develops hypertensive end-organ injury, including strokes and progressive kidney disease, as a result of naturally occurring genetic variations. Our recent work identifies genetic variants in immune signaling pathways that contribute to susceptibility to end organ injury. These variants are present in SHR-A3 animals, but absent in SHR lines that resist end organ injury. To test the hypothesis that a dysregulated immune response promotes stroke susceptibility, 20-week old male SHR-A3 rats were salt loaded (1% NaCl in drinking water) and treated daily with the i...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dhande, I. S., Zhu, Y., Doris, P. A. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research

Abstract P013: Meta-analysis of Poor Outcomes and Permissive Hypertension after Acute Ischemic Stroke Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Conclusion: Use of antihypertensive therapy in acute period of ischemic stroke does not have an effect on disability or all-cause mortality.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ivanov, A., Mohamed, A., Korniyenko, A. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research

Abstract P015: Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis in Hypertensive Rats Impairs Dilation in Penetrating Arterioles and Posterior Communicating Arteries Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Hypertension and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) are leading risk factors for cognitive impairment. We induced hypoperfusion in stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) by bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) to create a novel, physiologically relevant model of cognitive impairment. We hypothesized that BCAS in SHRSP would impair endothelium dependent dilation and lead to outward remodeling of the penetrating arterioles (PAs) and posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs). The PAs are critical for maintaining parenchymal perfusion and controlling blood flow to the neurovascular unit, and the PCAs are integral ...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Matin, N., Fisher, C., Jackson, W. F., Dorrance, A. M. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research

Abstract 090: Outcomes of Hypertensive Crises as Predicted by Red Cell Distribution Width Session Title: Concurrent XV C: Clinical Hypertension
Conclusions: Elevated RDW level in patients with hypertensive crisis was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and new-onset heart failure in patients with hypertensive crisis.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Raheja, S., Patel, K., Patel, R., Mawri, S., Michaels, A., Gibbs, J., McCord, J. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XV C: Clinical Hypertension Source Type: research

Abstract P114: Mas Receptor Deficiency Increases Diastolic Blood Pressure and Reduces Cardiac Function in Obese Female Mice Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that MasR deficiency promotes elevated diastolic blood pressures and reduced cardiac function in obese female mice, suggesting that the Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis protects females from obesity-hypertension. Moreover, these results suggest that MasR agonists may be effective therapies for obesity-associated cardiovascular conditions.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang, Y., Shoemaker, R., Thatcher, S., Cassis, L. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research

Abstract P075: Stroke Volume and Visceral Fat Drive Differences in Blood Pressure Between Two Generations: A Population-Based Study of Adolescents and Their Parents Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Excess total body fat (TBF) and visceral fat (VF) are major risk factors of hypertension. Blood pressure (BP) increases with age, as do TBF and VF. Here we investigated whether TBF and VF contribute to BP differences between adolescents and adults. A population-based sample of adolescents (n=933, 12-18 years) and their parents (n=429, 38-65 years) was studied as part of the Saguenay Youth Study. In all participants, beat-by-beat values of SBP, DBP and underlying hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, stroke volume [SV] and total peripheral resistance) were obtained with a Finometer during a 52-minute protocol mimicking daily ...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Syme, C. A., Abrahamowicz, M., Leonard, G., Perron, M., Richer, L., Veillette, S., Gaudet, D., Paus, T., Pausova, Z. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research