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Source: Hypertension

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Total 263 results found since Jan 2013.

Systolic Blood Pressure Target Levels: Evidence for Benefits in Stroke Editorial Commentaries
Source: Hypertension - December 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lackland, D. T. Tags: Other hypertension Editorial Commentaries Source Type: research

High-Sensitivity Troponin T and Cardiovascular Events in Systolic Blood Pressure Categories: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Epidemiology/Population
Based on observational studies, there is a linear increase in cardiovascular risk with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), yet clinical trials have not shown benefit across all SBP categories. We assessed whether troponin T measured using high-sensitivity assay was associated with cardiovascular disease within SBP categories in 11 191 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study participants. Rested sitting SBP by 10-mm Hg increments and troponin categories were identified. Incident heart failure hospitalization, coronary heart disease, and stroke were ascertained for a median of 12 years after excluding individuals with co...
Source: Hypertension - December 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pokharel, Y., Sun, W., de Lemos, J. A., Taffet, G. E., Virani, S. S., Ndumele, C. E., Mosley, T. H., Hoogeveen, R. C., Coresh, J., Wright, J. D., Heiss, G., Boerwinkle, E. A., Bozkurt, B., Solomon, S. D., Ballantyne, C. M., Nambi, V. Tags: Other heart failure, Primary prevention, Other etiology, Other diagnostic testing Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research

Resistive and Pulsatile Arterial Load as Predictors of Left Ventricular Mass and Geometry: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Epidemiology/Population
In conclusion, various components of arterial load differentially associate with LV hypertrophy and concentric remodeling. Women demonstrated greater pulsatile load than men. For both LV mass and the LV wall/LV cavity volume ratio, the loading sequence (ie, early load versus late load) is an important determinant of LV response to arterial load.
Source: Hypertension - December 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zamani, P., Bluemke, D. A., Jacobs, D. R., Duprez, D. A., Kronmal, R., Lilly, S. M., Ferrari, V. A., Townsend, R. R., Lima, J. A., Budoff, M., Segers, P., Hannan, P., Chirinos, J. A. Tags: Remodeling, Hypertrophy Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research

Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure Changes in Relation With Myocardial Infarction and Stroke in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Clinical Trials
In conclusion, in patients with coronary artery disease and initially free from congestive heart failure, a BP reduction from baseline over the examined BP range had little effect on the risk of MI and predicted a lower risk of stroke. An increase in systolic BP from baseline increased the risk of stroke and MI. The relationships of BP with risk were much steeper for stroke than for MI. A treatment-induced BP reduction over the explored range seems to be safe in patients with coronary artery disease. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00153101.
Source: Hypertension - December 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Verdecchia, P., Reboldi, G., Angeli, F., Trimarco, B., Mancia, G., Pogue, J., Gao, P., Sleight, P., Teo, K., Yusuf, S. Tags: Secondary prevention, Clinical Studies, Other Stroke Treatment - Medical Clinical Trials Source Type: research

Novel High-Throughput In Vitro Model for Identifying Hemodynamic-Induced Inflammatory Mediators of Cerebral Aneurysm Formation Cerebral Aneurysm
Cerebral aneurysms are thought to develop at locations of hemodynamic shear stress, via an inflammatory process. The molecular mechanism that links shear stress to inflammation, however, is not completely understood. Progress in studying this disease is limited by a lack of a suitable in vitro model. To address this, we designed novel in vitro parallel-plate flow chamber models of a straight artery, a bifurcation, and a bifurcation aneurysm. We compared endothelial cell phenotypes across the 3 different models and among microenvironments within each flow model by cytokine array, ELISA, and relative immunofluorescence. Huma...
Source: Hypertension - November 12, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nowicki, K. W., Hosaka, K., He, Y., McFetridge, P. S., Scott, E. W., Hoh, B. L. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Cerebral Aneurysm, AVM, & Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide, Other Vascular biology Source Type: research

Relationship Between Cerebral Blood Flow and Blood Pressure in Long-Term Heart Transplant Recipients Cerebral Blood Flow
Heart transplant recipients are at an increased risk for cerebral hemorrhage and ischemic stroke; yet, the exact mechanism for this derangement remains unclear. We hypothesized that alterations in cerebrovascular regulation is principally involved. To test this hypothesis, we studied cerebral pressure-flow dynamics in 8 clinically stable male heart transplant recipients (62±8 years of age and 9±7 years post transplant, mean±SD), 9 male age-matched controls (63±8 years), and 10 male donor controls (27±5 years). To increase blood pressure variability and improve assessment of the pressure-f...
Source: Hypertension - November 12, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Smirl, J. D., Haykowsky, M. J., Nelson, M. D., Tzeng, Y.-C., Marsden, K. R., Jones, H., Ainslie, P. N. Tags: Doppler ultrasound, Transcranial Doppler etc. Cerebral Blood Flow Source Type: research

Origin of the Y Chromosome Influences Intrarenal Vascular Responsiveness to Angiotensin I and Angiotensin (1-7) in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Renin-Angiotensin System and Y Chromosome
This study demonstrates that the origin of the Y chromosome significantly impacts the renal vascular responsiveness and therefore may influence the long-term renal regulation of blood pressure.
Source: Hypertension - November 12, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sampson, A. K., Andrews, K. L., Graham, D., McBride, M. W., Head, G. A., Thomas, M. C., Chin-Dusting, J. P. F., Dominiczak, A. F., Jennings, G. L. Tags: Cardio-renal physiology/pathophysiology, ACE/Angiotension receptors, Animal models of human disease, Other hypertension, Functional genomics, Genetics of cardiovascular disease Renin-Angiotensin System and Y Chromosome Source Type: research

Visit-to-Visit Variability of Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Epidemiology/Population
Visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure (BP) has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in some but not all studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the association between visit-to-visit variability of BP and CVD and all-cause mortality. Medical databases were searched through June 4, 2014, for studies meeting the following eligibility criteria: adult participants; BP measurements at ≥3 visits; follow-up for CVD, coronary heart disease, stroke, or mortality outcomes; events confirmed via database, death certificate, or event ascertainment committee; and adjust...
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Diaz, K. M., Tanner, R. M., Falzon, L., Levitan, E. B., Reynolds, K., Shimbo, D., Muntner, P. Tags: Risk Factors, Other hypertension, Epidemiology Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research

Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability Throughout Young Adulthood and Cognitive Function in Midlife: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study Epidemiology/Population
Whether long-term blood pressure (BP) variability throughout young adulthood is associated with cognitive function in midlife remains uncertain. Using data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA), which recruited healthy young adults aged 18 to 30 years (mean age, 25 years) at baseline (Y0), we assessed BP variability by SD and average real variability (ARV) for 25 years (8 visits). Cognitive function was assessed with the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (psychomotor speed test), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (verbal memory test), and the modified Stroop test (executive function test) at f...
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yano, Y., Ning, H., Allen, N., Reis, J. P., Launer, L. J., Liu, K., Yaffe, K., Greenland, P., Lloyd-Jones, D. M. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research

Home Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients During Antihypertensive Therapy: Primary Results of HONEST, a Large-Scale Prospective, Real-World Observational Study Epidemiology/Population
In conclusion, it is essential to control morning HBP to <145 mm Hg, even in patients with controlled clinic blood pressure. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm. UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, trial No. UMIN000002567.
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kario, K., Saito, I., Kushiro, T., Teramukai, S., Ishikawa, Y., Mori, Y., Kobayashi, F., Shimada, K. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Myocardial cardiomyopathy disease, Clinical Studies Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research

The Growing Gap in Hypertension Control Between Insured and Uninsured Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988 to 2010 Epidemiology/Population
Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control are lower among uninsured than insured adults. Time trends in differences and underlying modifiable factors are important for informing strategies to improve health equity. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1988 to 1994, 1999 to 2004, and 2005 to 2010 data in adults aged 18 to 64 years were analyzed to explore this opportunity. The proportion of adults with hypertension who were uninsured increased from 12.3% in 1988 to 1994 to 17.4% in 2005 to 2010. In 1988 to 1994, hypertension awareness, treatment, and control to <140/<90 mm Hg (30.1% versus 26.5%; P=0...
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Egan, B. M., Li, J., Small, J., Nietert, P. J., Sinopoli, A. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research

Treatment-Resistant Hypertension and the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease: Results From the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) Clinical Trial
Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) is defined as uncontrolled hypertension despite the use of ≥3 antihypertensive medication classes or controlled hypertension while treated with ≥4 antihypertensive medication classes. Although a high prevalence of aTRH has been reported, few data are available on its association with cardiovascular and renal outcomes. We analyzed data on 14 684 Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) participants to determine the association between aTRH (n=1870) with coronary heart disease, stroke, all-cause mortality, heart failure, periph...
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Muntner, P., Davis, B. R., Cushman, W. C., Bangalore, S., Calhoun, D. A., Pressel, S. L., Black, H. R., Kostis, J. B., Probstfield, J. L., Whelton, P. K., Rahman, M., for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group* Tags: Clinical Studies Clinical Trial Source Type: research

Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma} in Vascular Muscle in the Cerebral Circulation Cerebral Circulation
We examined the hypothesis that selective interference with PPAR in vascular muscle would impair NO-dependent responses and augment vasoconstrictor responses in the cerebral circulation. We studied mice expressing a dominant negative mutation in human PPAR (P467L) under the control of the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain promoter (S-P467L). In S-P467L mice, dilator responses to exogenously applied or endogenously produced NO were greatly impaired in cerebral arteries in vitro and in small cerebral arterioles in vivo. Select NO-independent responses, including vasodilation to low concentrations of potassium, were also impai...
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: De Silva, T. M., Modrick, M. L., Ketsawatsomkron, P., Lynch, C., Chu, Y., Pelham, C. J., Sigmund, C. D., Faraci, F. M. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Brain Circulation and Metabolism, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Cerebral Circulation Source Type: research

Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity as a Predictor of Mortality in Elderly Chinese Pulse Wave Analysis
In conclusion, brachial-ankle PWV predicts mortality in elderly Chinese on the conditions of markedly increased PWV and hypertension.
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sheng, C.-S., Li, Y., Li, L.-H., Huang, Q.-F., Zeng, W.-F., Kang, Y.-Y., Zhang, L., Liu, M., Wei, F.-F., Li, G.-L., Song, J., Wang, S., Wang, J.-G. Tags: Clinical Studies Pulse Wave Analysis Source Type: research

Thresholds for Conventional and Home Blood Pressure by Sex and Age in 5018 Participants From 5 Populations Epidemiology/Population
In conclusion, our findings based on outcome-driven criteria support contemporary guidelines that propose single blood pressure thresholds that can be indiscriminately applied in both sexes and across the age range.
Source: Hypertension - September 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nomura, K., Asayama, K., Thijs, L., Niiranen, T. J., Lujambio, I., Boggia, J., Hozawa, A., Ohkubo, T., Hara, A., Johansson, J. K., Sandoya, E., Kollias, A., Stergiou, G. S., Tsuji, I., Jula, A. M., Imai, Y., Staessen, J. A., for the International Database Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Epidemiology Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research