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Total 324 results found since Jan 2013.

Nanomaterials Versus Ambient Ultrafine Particles: An Opportunity to Exchange Toxicology Knowledge
Conclusion: There is now an opportunity to apply knowledge from NM toxicology and use it to better inform PM health risk research and vice versa. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP424 Received: 17 December 2015 Revised: 12 August 2016 Accepted: 30 August 2016 Published: 10 October 2017 Address correspondence to V. Stone, School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK. Telephone: +44 131 451 3460. Email: v.stone@hw.ac.uk V.S. currently receives grant funding from Byk Altana and from The European Ceramic Fibre Industry Association (ECFIA). In the past, V.S. has received funding from Unilever and GlaxoSmithKline....
Source: EHP Research - October 10, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Review Source Type: research

Salvianolic Acids for Injection (SAFI) promotes functional recovery and neurogenesis via sonic hedgehog pathway after stroke in mice
Publication date: Available online 5 September 2017 Source:Neurochemistry International Author(s): Ye Zhang, Xiangjian Zhang, Lili Cui, Rong Chen, Cong Zhang, Yaoru Li, Tingting He, Xingyuan Zhu, Zuyuan Shen, Lipeng Dong, Jingru Zhao, Ya Wen, Xiufen Zheng, Pan Li There is a pressing need of developing approaches for delayed post-stroke therapy for patients who fail to receive thrombolysis within the narrow time window. Neuroprotection of Salvianolic Acids for Injection (SAFI) for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in acute phase has been well documented. The current study was to determine the influence of SAFI at the su...
Source: Neurochemistry International - September 5, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Taurine Chloramine Prevents Neuronal HT22 Cell Damage Through Nrf2-Related Heme Oxygenase-1.
Authors: Cheong SH, Lee DS Abstract Oxidative cell damages are able to contribute to neuronal degeneration in several diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) including stroke as well as ischemia. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 plays a major role in the pathogenesis of neuronal disorder. Taurine chloramine (TauCl) has been shown to possess strong neuronal activities; however, the direct effects of TauCl on neuronal cell death remain to be determined. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the neuroprotective effect of TauCl using oxidative stress-stimulated mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. TauCl showed protective eff...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - August 31, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

A brief review of intradialytic hypotension with a focus on survival.
Abstract Intradialytic hypotension (IDH), a common complication of ultrafiltration during hemodialysis therapy, is associated with high mortality and morbidity. IDH, defined as a nadir systolic blood pressure of less than 90 mm Hg on more than 30% of treatments, is a relevant definition and is correlated with mortality. Risk factors for IDH include patient demographics, anti-hypertensive medication use, larger interdialytic weight gain, and dialysis prescription features as dialysate sodium, high ultrafiltration rate, and dialysate temperature. A high frequency of IDH events carries a substantial death risk. An ul...
Source: Seminars in Dialysis - June 29, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chou JA, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Mathew AT Tags: Semin Dial Source Type: research

Determination of Brain-Regional Blood Perfusion and Endogenous cPKC γ Impact on Ischemic Vulnerability of Mice with Global Ischemia.
In this study, the bilateral ICAO (BICAO) model was applied in cPKCγ wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice to determine the cPKCγ impact on brain-regional ischemic vulnerability. The arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging results showed that 7 days BICAO-induced global ischemia could cause significant blood perfusion loss in prefrontal cortex (69.13%), striatum (61.69%), hypothalamus (67.36%), hippocampus (69.82%) and midbrain (40.53%) of WT mice, along with neurological deficits. Nissl staining and Western blot results indicated that hypothalamus and midbrain had more severe neural cell loss than prefrontal cortex, stria...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 8, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Liu S, Dai Q, Hua R, Liu T, Han S, Li S, Li J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

A brief review of intradialytic hypotension with a focus on survival
Abstract Intradialytic hypotension (IDH), a common complication of ultrafiltration during hemodialysis therapy, is associated with high mortality and morbidity. IDH, defined as a nadir systolic blood pressure of less than 90 mm Hg on more than 30% of treatments, is a relevant definition and is correlated with mortality. Risk factors for IDH include patient demographics, anti‐hypertensive medication use, larger interdialytic weight gain, and dialysis prescription features as dialysate sodium, high ultrafiltration rate, and dialysate temperature. A high frequency of IDH events carries a substantial death risk. An ultrafilt...
Source: Seminars In Dialysis - May 1, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Jason A. Chou, Kamyar Kalantar ‐Zadeh, Anna T. Mathew Tags: INTRADIALYTIC HYPOTENSION: PERSPECTIVES IN CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE Source Type: research

D-Lactate and Intestinal Fatty-Acid Binding Protein are elevated in serum in patients with acute ischemic stroke (P1.258)
Conclusions:D-Lactate and IFABP were significantly elevated in patients with AIS, but concentrations were not associated with stroke severity. This provides, for the first time, indirect evidence of disruption of the intestinal barrier in patients with AIS.Disclosure: Dr. Camara-Lemarroy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Escobedo-Zúñiga has nothing to disclose. Dr. Guzman-De la Garza has nothing to disclose. Dr. Castro-Garza has nothing to disclose. Dr. Vargas-Villarreal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Góngora-Rivera has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Camara-Lemarroy, C., Escobedo-Zuniga, N., la Garza, F. G.-D., Castro-Garza, J., Vargas-Villarreal, J., Gongora-Rivera, F. Tags: Genetic Stroke Syndromes, Biomarkers, and Translational/Basic Research Source Type: research

Safety and efficacy of Cardi-O-fix occluder for percutaneous closure of a patent foramen ovale: A single-center prospective study
Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the short- and mid-term efficacy and safety between the Cardi-O-fix PFO occluder and Amplatzer PFO occluder. The efficacy and safety of the Cardi-O-fix occluder were comparable to those of the Amplatzer PFO occluder.
Source: Medicine - April 1, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Trial/Experimental Study Source Type: research

Energy transduction and alternating access of the mammalian ABC transporter P-glycoprotein
. Mchaourab ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters of the exporter class harness the energy of ATP hydrolysis in the nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs) to power the energetically uphill efflux of substrates by a dedicated transmembrane domain (TMD). Although numerous investigations have described the mechanism of ATP hydrolysis and defined the architecture of ABC exporters, a detailed structural dynamic understanding of the transduction of ATP energy to the work of substrate translocation remains elusive. Here we used double electron–electron resonance and molecular dynamics simulations to describe the ATP- and substr...
Source: Nature - March 13, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Brandy Verhalen Reza Dastvan Sundarapandian Thangapandian Yelena Peskova Hanane A. Koteiche Robert K. Nakamoto Emad Tajkhorshid Hassane S. Mchaourab Tags: Letter Source Type: research

Conformational selection and induced fit as a useful framework for molecular motor mechanisms.
Abstract The linkage between macromolecular binding and conformational change that is ubiquitous in biological molecules can be understood in the context of the mechanisms of conformational selection and induced fit. Here, we explore mappings between these mechanisms of ligand binding and those underlying the translocation of molecular motors and the nucleic acid unwinding of helicases. The mechanism of biased motion exhibited by molecular motors is typically described as either a thermal ratchet or a power-stroke and nucleic acid helicases are characterized by either active or passive unwinding mechanisms. We pos...
Source: Biophysical Chemistry - February 2, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Galburt EA, Tomko EJ Tags: Biophys Chem Source Type: research

Downregulation of Iduna is associated with AIF nuclear translocation in neonatal brain after hypoxia –ischemia
Publication date: 27 March 2017 Source:Neuroscience, Volume 346 Author(s): Xiaoxia Yang, Jianhua Cheng, Yubo Gao, Juan Ding, Xinli Ni In adult stroke models, the neuroprotective protein, Iduna, inhibits poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1)-dependent cell death by decreasing apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) nuclear translocation. Because the PARP1-dependent pathway and Iduna, which promotes AIF degradation, contribute to hypoxic–ischemic (HI) brain damage in the immature brain, we examined the relationship between Iduna expression and AIF nuclear translocation in the cerebral cortex of postnatal day 7 rats after HI. Ni...
Source: Neuroscience - January 31, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

TRPC3/6/7 Knockdown Protects the Brain from Cerebral Ischemia Injury via Astrocyte Apoptosis Inhibition and Effects on NF- кB Translocation
AbstractIschemia contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality associated with many common neurological diseases. Calcium overload is an important mechanism of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Despite decades of intense research, an effective beneficial treatment of stroke remains limited; few therapeutic strategies exist to combat the consequences of cerebral ischemia. Traditionally, a “neurocentric” view has dominated research in this field. Evidence is now accumulating that glial cells, especially astrocytes, play an important role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. Here, we show that...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Peroxiredoxin 1-mediated activation of TLR4/NF- κB pathway contributes to neuroinflammatory injury in intracerebral hemorrhage.
This study investigated the proinflammatory effect and underlying mechanism of extracellular Prx1 in cultured murine macrophages and a collagenase-induced mouse ICH model. The current results show that incubation of exogenous Prx1 (0-50nM) with murine RAW264.7 macrophages resulted in increased expression of TLR4, nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 and production of proinflammatory mediators (NO, TNF-a and IL-6) in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, ICH induced murine neurological deficits, cerebral edema and neuropathological alterations, such as neuron injury, astrocyte and microglia/macr...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - November 3, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Liu DL, Zhao LX, Zhang S, Du JR Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research