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Total 324 results found since Jan 2013.

A single power stroke by ATP binding drives substrate translocation in a heterodimeric ABC transporter
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters constitute the largest family of primary active transporters, responsible for many physiological processes and human maladies. However, the mechanism how chemical energy of ATP facilitates translocation of chemically diverse compounds across membranes is poorly understood. Here, we advance the quantitative mechanistic understanding of the heterodimeric ABC transporter TmrAB, a functional homolog of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) by single-turnover analyses at single-liposome resolution. We reveal that a single conformational switch by ATP binding drives unid...
Source: eLife - April 21, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Biochemistry and Chemical Biology Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics Source Type: research

Adiponectin peptide alleviates oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating AMPK/GSK-3 β.
Adiponectin peptide alleviates oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating AMPK/GSK-3β. Exp Neurol. 2020 Apr 07;:113302 Authors: Liu H, Wu X, Luo J, Zhao L, Li X, Guo H, Bai H, Cui W, Guo W, Feng D, Qu Y Abstract The effects of current treatment strategies for ischemic stroke are weakened by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Effective treatments targeting I/R injury are still insufficient. Adiponectin (APN), a fat-derived hormone, has a wide range of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the application of APN to the cen...
Source: Experimental Neurology - April 6, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Liu H, Wu X, Luo J, Zhao L, Li X, Guo H, Bai H, Cui W, Guo W, Feng D, Qu Y Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Mitochondrial MPTP: A Novel Target of Ethnomedicine for Stroke Treatment by Apoptosis Inhibition
Mammalian mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), across the inner and outer membranes of mitochondria, is a nonspecific channel for signal transduction or material transfer between mitochondrial matrix and cytoplasm such as maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis, regulation of oxidative stress signals, and protein translocation evoked by some of stimuli. Continuous MPTP opening has been proved to stimulate neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke. Meanwhile, inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced apoptosis has shown excellent efficacy in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Among of which, the potential molecular mechanisms...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 24, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Total Glycosides of Cistanche deserticola Promote Neurological Function Recovery by Inducing Neurovascular Regeneration via Nrf-2/Keap-1 Pathway in MCAO/R Rats
ConclusionTGs are the main active components of C. deserticola against MCAO/R-induced cerebral injury, and protection is mainly via the Nrf-2/Keap-1 pathway.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 16, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Structures of the ATP-fueled ClpXP proteolytic machine bound to protein substrate
We present cryo-EM studies of theE. coli enzyme that show how asymmetric hexameric rings of ClpX bind symmetric heptameric rings of ClpP and interact with protein substrates. Subunits in the ClpX hexamer assume a spiral conformation and interact with two-residue segments of substrate in the axial channel, as observed for other AAA+ proteases and protein-remodeling machines. Strictly sequential models of ATP hydrolysis and a power stroke that moves two residues of the substrate per translocation step have been inferred from these structural features for other AAA+ unfoldases, but biochemical and single-molecule biophysical ...
Source: eLife - February 28, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics Source Type: research

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as potential neuroprotectant against ischemic brain injury.
Abstract A series of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives 1-14 was synthesized to investigate their neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of action. Compounds 5-11 noticeably protected PC12 cells from the cytotoxicity of H2O2 or sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Compound 11 was the most effective derivative. Compound 11 chelated Fe (II) iron, scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS), and restored the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, it enhanced the activity of the antioxidant defense system by increasing the serum level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and promoting the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor eryth...
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - February 7, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Liao L, Jiang C, Chen J, Shi J, Li X, Wang Y, Wen J, Zhou S, Liang J, Lao Y, Zhang J Tags: Eur J Med Chem Source Type: research

Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of heat stroke in China
AbstractHeat stroke (HS) is a fatal disease caused by thermal damage in the body, and it has a very high mortality rate. In 2015, the People ’s Liberation Army Professional Committee of Critical Care Medicine published the first expert consensus on HS in China,Expert consensus on standardized diagnosis and treatment for heat stroke. With an increased understanding of HS and new issues that emerged during the HS treatment in China in recent years, the 2015 consensus no longer meet the requirements for HS prevention and treatment. It is necessary to update the consensus to include the latest research evidence and establish...
Source: Military Medical Research - January 12, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Treadmill exercise improves neurological function by inhibiting autophagy and the binding of HMGB1 to Beclin1 in MCAO juvenile rats
Publication date: Available online 8 January 2020Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Guoyuan Pan, Lingqin Jin, Weimin Shen, Jieqiong Zhang, Juanjuan Pan, Jingyan Cheng, Qingfeng Xie, Quan Hu, Shamin Wu, Hongmei Zhang, Xiang ChenAbstractAimsTreadmill exercise is a beneficial treatment following childhood stroke. Thus, studies focusing on the neuroprotective mechanism of exercise training during postischemic treatment in children with ischemic stroke are urgently needed. We evaluated the effects of treadmill exercise on autophagy after cerebral ischemia in young rats.Main methodsRats (23–25 days old) underwent cerebral ische...
Source: Life Sciences - January 9, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Recombinant Adiponectin Peptide Ameliorates Brain Injury Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Suppressing Astrocyte-Derived Inflammation via the Inhibition of Drp1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission
In conclusion, we propose APNp as a potential therapeutic agent for ICH. We provide the first mechanistic evidence that APNp can modulate Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission, which then contributes to alleviating astrocyte-derived inflammation.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 3, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Direct electrophysiological evidence that spreading depolarization-induced spreading depression is the pathophysiological correlate of the migraine aura and a review of the spreading depolarization continuum of acute neuronal mass injury
AbstractSpreading depolarization is observed as a large negative shift of the direct current potential, swelling of neuronal somas, and dendritic beading in the brain ’s gray matter and represents a state of a potentially reversible mass injury. Its hallmark is the abrupt, massive ion translocation between intraneuronal and extracellular compartment that causes water uptake (= cytotoxic edema) and massive glutamate release. Dependent on the tissue’s energy st atus, spreading depolarization can co-occur with different depression or silencing patterns of spontaneous activity. In adequately supplied tissue, spreading depo...
Source: AGE - December 8, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Zafirlukast protects blood-brain barrier integrity from ischemic brain injury
Publication date: Available online 6 December 2019Source: Chemico-Biological InteractionsAuthor(s): Chaosheng Zeng, Desheng Wang, Cong Chen, Lin Chen, Bocan Chen, Li Li, Min Chen, Huaijie XingAbstractStroke has been considered the second leading cause of death worldwide, and ischemic stroke accounts for the vast majority of stroke cases. Some of the main features of ischemic stroke are increased brain permeability, ischemia/reperfusion injury, oxidative stress, and acute inflammation. Antagonism of cysLT1R has been shown to provide cardiovascular and neural benefits. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the...
Source: Chemico Biological Interactions - December 7, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Zafirlukast protects blood-brain barrier integrity from ischemic brain injury.
Abstract Stroke has been considered the second leading cause of death worldwide, and ischemic stroke accounts for the vast majority of stroke cases. Some of the main features of ischemic stroke are increased brain permeability, ischemia/reperfusion injury, oxidative stress, and acute inflammation. Antagonism of cysLT1R has been shown to provide cardiovascular and neural benefits. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the cysLT1R antagonist zafirlukast both in vivo and in vitro using a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs). In vi...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - December 5, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zeng C, Wang D, Chen C, Chen L, Chen B, Li L, Chen M, Xing H Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: research

Ropinirole induces neuroprotection following reperfusion-promoted mitochondrial dysfunction after focal cerebral ischemia in Wistar rats.
In conclusion, these results demonstrate that Ropinirole treatment is beneficial in preserving the mitochondrial functions that are altered in cerebral ischemic injury and thus can help in defining better therapies. PMID: 31816341 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurotoxicology - December 5, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Andrabi SS, Tabassum H, Parveen S, Parvez S Tags: Neurotoxicology Source Type: research

Involvement of PARP-1/AIF Signaling Pathway in Protective Effects of Gualou Guizhi Decoction Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury-Induced Apoptosis.
Abstract Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is a complex pathophysiological process. Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase-1 (PARP-1)/apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) signaling pathway-mediated apoptosis is one of the non-caspase-dependent cell death programs that are widely present in neurological diseases such as stroke. In our study, we aimed to conduct further research on the effects of Gualou Guizhi decoction (GLGZD) on the PARP-1/AIF signaling pathway in cell apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The results showed that GLGZD administration for 7 days si...
Source: Neurochemical Research - December 1, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nan L, Xie Q, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Li H, Lai W, Chen Y, Huang M Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Biochanin A Provides Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Nrf2-Mediated Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Signaling Pathway in Rats.
CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that biochanin A protected the brain against ischemic injury in rats by anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory actions. The activation of the Nrf2 pathway and the inhibition of the NF-kappaB pathway may contribute to the neuroprotective effects of biochanin A. PMID: 31767824 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - November 28, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research