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Total 198 results found since Jan 2013.

Is very low LDL-C harmful?
CONCLUSION: Achieving an LDL-C of 40-50 mg/dl seems to be safe, and importantly might offer CV beneficial effects. Data for attaining levels below 25 mg/dl is limited, however in favor of such reductions. PMID: 30295187 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - October 8, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Faselis C, Imprialos K, Grassos H, Pittaras A, Kallistratos M, Manolis A Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Lysophosphatidylcholine induces expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis in THP-1 derived macrophages
In this study, we conducted RNA profiling in THP-1 derived macrophages treated with LPC and uncovered a relationship between LPC and the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Principal component analysis (PCA) of RNA profiling showed that untreated THP-1 cells and those treated with 10, 20, or 40 µM LPC were distinctly distributed. Functional annotation revealed that LPC affected the expression of genes involved in cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, TNF signaling, and MAPK signaling. Interestingly, LPC also altered the expression of 11 genes involved in cholesterol synthesis such as those in terpenoid backbone biosynth...
Source: Steroids - September 13, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Current Strategies and Drug Targets in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
CONCLUSION: This review discusses the strategies and future perspectives in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus particularly antidiabetic agents which are helpful for the betterment of diabetic patients. PMID: 30051787 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Drug Targets - July 27, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kaur P, Mittal A, Nayak SK, Vyas M, Mishra V, Khatik GL Tags: Curr Drug Targets Source Type: research

Emerging strategies targeting cb2 cannabinoid receptor: biased agonism and allosterism.
Abstract During these last years, the CB2 cannabinoid receptor has emerged as a potential anti-inflammatory target in diseases such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, ischemic stroke, autoimmune diseases, osteoporosis, and cancer. However, the development of clinically useful CB2 agonists reveals to be very challenging. Allosterism and biased-signaling mechanisms at CB2 receptor may offer new avenues for the development of improved CB2 receptor-targeted therapies. Although there has been some exploration of CB1 receptor activation by new CB1 allosteric or biased-signaling l...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - July 25, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Morales P, Goya P, Jagerovic N Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

Upregulated long non-coding RNA Snhg1 promotes the angiogenesis of brain microvascular endothelial cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation treatment by targeting miR-199a.
In this study, we performed in vitro experiments to investigate the effects of Snhg1 on cell survival and angiogenesis and molecular mechanism in ischemic stroke. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) was used to mimic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vitro. Sngh1 was increased in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) with the prolongation of exposure to OGD, and promoted BMEC survival under OGD/R condition, and angiogenesis after OGD/R treatment. miR-199a was identified and validated to be a direct target of Snhg1, and function effects of Snhg1 on BMEC survival and angiogenesis depended on miR-199a,...
Source: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - June 8, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wang Z, Wang R, Wang K, Liu X Tags: Can J Physiol Pharmacol Source Type: research

Pure mechanistic analysis of additive neuroprotective effects between baicalin and jasminoidin in ischemic stroke mice.
In this study we used transcriptome analysis to explore the pure therapeutic mechanisms of BA, JA and their combination (BJ) contributing to phenotype variation and reversal of pathological processes. Mice with middle cerebral artery obstruction were treated with BA, JA, their combination (BJ), or concha margaritifera (CM). Cerebral infarct volume was examined to determine the effect of these compounds on phenotype. Using the hippocampus microarray and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software, we exacted the differentially expressed genes, networks, pathways, and functions in positive-phenotype groups (BA, JA and BJ) by c...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - January 18, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wang PQ, Liu Q, Xu WJ, Yu YN, Zhang YY, Li B, Liu J, Wang Z Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

MicroRNA profiling in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell exposed to the Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) fruit ethyl acetate fraction (PMEAF) through IIlumina Hi-Seq technologies and various in silico bioinformatics tools
Conclusion In conclusion, the results of this study proved that PMEAF is a promising anticancer agent with high cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and it induced apoptotic cell death mechanism through the regulation of miRNAs. PMEAF might be the best candidate for developing more potent anticancer drugs or chemo preventive supplements. Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - December 5, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Emerging Roles of Protein Kinases in Microglia-mediated Neuroinflammation.
Abstract Neuroinflammation is mediated by resident central nervous system glia, neurons, peripherally derived immune cells, blood-brain barrier, and inflammatory mediators secreted from these cells. Neuroinflammation has been implicated in stroke and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Protein kinases have been one of the most exploited therapeutic targets in the current pharmacological research, especially in studies on cancer and inflammation. To date, 32 small-molecule protein kinase inhibitors have been approved by ...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - July 3, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lee SH, Suk K Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

KCa3.1 Channel Modulators as Potential Therapeutic Compounds for Glioblastoma.
This article will briefly review the available compounds (TRAM-34, senicapoc, NS6180), their binding sites and mechanisms of action, and then discuss the potential usefulness of these compounds for the treatment of brain tumors based on their brain penetration and their efficacy in reducing microglia activation in animal models of ischemic stroke and Alzheimer's disease. Senicapoc, which has previously been in Phase III clinical trials, would be available for repurposing, and could be used to quickly translate findings made with other KCa3.1 blocking tool compounds into clinical trials. PMID: 28676010 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - June 30, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Brown BM, Pressley B, Wulff H Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Targeting the role of lipoprotein (a) in stroke.
Authors: Garelnabi M, Mazhar Z, Hughes A Abstract Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States, behind only heart disease and cancer, with over 140,000 associated deaths per year. Considerable research is ongoing to examine the role of modifiable risk factors which may cause or contribute to a stroke occurring. Although age and family history are generally considered to be major risk factors, there are several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors that are linked to the pathogenesis of a stroke. Lipoprotein (a), or Lp(a), is a type of low-density lipoprotein containing an integral apoB100 co...
Source: Cardiovascular and Hematological Disorders Drug Targets - April 22, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Current and future perspectives on the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
Authors: Christophe BR, Mehta SH, Garton AL, Sisti J, Connolly ES Abstract INTRODUCTION: After heart disease and combined forms of cancer, stroke is the leading cause of death in the United States. Currently, tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA) thrombolysis is the only thrombolytic therapy that has been shown to improve patient outcome. Presently, the only antithrombotic drug treatment that has proven effective at improving acute ischemic stroke patient outcome is aspirin administration. Despite these studies, no clinical trials have yet demonstrated a reliably effective pharmacological treatment. Areas covered: We ...
Source: Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy - April 11, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Pharmacother Source Type: research

Pharmacogenomics and tailored polypharmacy: an 80-year-old lady with rosuvastatin-associated rhabdomyolysis and maprotiline-related Ogilvie's syndrome 
.
We present a unique case of synchronous rhabdomyolysis and Ogilvie's syndrome in an 80-year-old lung cancer survivor following a recent ischemic stroke for which she was prescribed clopidogrel and rosuvastatin for secondary prevention, and maprotiline for post-stroke, new-onset insomnia and anxiety. The ADRs resolved on removal of the offending agents and initiation of conservative treatment. Retrospective pharmacogenetic testing of the patient's drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters was performed to guide further management and prevent future potential drug interactions and ADRs. What is novel and conclusions: This i...
Source: International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 5, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Source Type: research

Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) Fruit induce G0/G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cell
Conclusion The results indicated that PMEAF treatment induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells through intrinsic mitochondrial related pathway with the participation of pro and anti-apoptotic proteins, caspases, G0/G1 and G2/M-phases cell cycle arrest by p53-mediated mechanism. Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - March 1, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Patient-centered Outcomes with Concomitant Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Other Drugs.
Abstract PURPOSE: We performed a systematic review of patient-centered outcomes after the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and other drugs. METHODS: We searched 4 databases in July 2016 to find studies that reported mortality and morbidity after the concomitant use of PPIs and other drugs. We conducted direct meta-analyses using a random-effects model and graded the quality of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation working group approach. FINDINGS: We included data from 17 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 16 randomized controlled t...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - February 8, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shamliyan TA, Middleton M, Borst C Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research

Innovations in Liposomal DDS Technology and Its Application for the Treatment of Various Diseases.
Abstract Liposomes have been widely used as drug carriers in the field of drug delivery systems (DDS), and they are thought to be ideal nano-capsules for targeting DDS after being injected into the bloodstream. In general, DDS drugs meet the needs of aged and super-aged societies, since the administration route of drugs can be changed, the medication frequency reduced, the adverse effects of drugs suppressed, and so on. In fact, a number of liposomal drugs have been launched and used worldwide including liposomal anticancer drugs, and these drugs have appeared on the market owing to various innovations in liposoma...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - February 7, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Oku N Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research