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Total 198 results found since Jan 2013.

Canagliflozin Inhibits Human Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Tube Formation
In conclusion, the present study identified canagliflozin as a potent inhibitor of human EC proliferation. The anti-proliferative action of canagliflozin is observed in ECs isolated from both the venous and arterial circulation, and is partly due to the blockade of cyclin A expression. In addition, this study found that canagliflozin inhibits tube formation in cultured ECs and mouse aortic rings. Notably, these actions are specific for canagliflozin and not seen with other SGLT2 inhibitors. The ability of canagliflozin to exert these pleiotropic effects on EC function may contribute to both the adverse and salutary actions...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Nrf2 as a Potential Mediator of Cardiovascular Risk in Metabolic Diseases
Conclusion Activation of the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant system plays an important role in cell defense against oxidative stress damage, whereas the insufficiency of the Nrf2 system is associated with multiple aspects of the genesis and progression of metabolic diseases, posing a great risk to the cardiovascular system (Figure 1). The systemic increase of Nrf2 activity by several activators may be beneficial in the treatment of metabolic diseases. In addition, selective upregulation of Nrf2 genes may represent a potential therapy in obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis. Looking to the future, experimental research that el...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

6-Bromoindirubin-3 ′-Oxime (6BIO) Suppresses the mTOR Pathway, Promotes Autophagy, and Exerts Anti-aging Effects in Rodent Liver
In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-aging effect, and molecular mechanism, of the novel anti-aging drug 6BIO on naturally aged mouse liver. Rapamycin, a well-known promising anti-aging drug that delays aging through mTOR-dependent autophagy (Zhou and Ye, 2018), was used as the positive control in the study. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the effects of 6BIO treatment in models of natural aging. Our results indicated that 6BIO ameliorates the decline of liver function with age, including lipid metabolism disorder, and attenuates hepatocyte senescence in aged mice, as revealed by altera...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Current Pharmaceutical Design Preventive role of Resveratrol against inflammatory cytokines and related diseases.
CONCLUSION: This study would outline the role of harmful inflammatory cytokines as well as how they accelerate pathophysiology and progress to an inflammatory disorder. Therefore, this study might show a potential therapeutic value of using Resveratrol by health professionals in preventing inflammatory disorders. PMID: 30968773 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - April 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Rafe T, Shawon PA, Salem L, Chowdhury NI, Kabir F, Zahur SMB, Akhter R, Noor HB, Mohib MM, Sagor MAT Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

What doesn't kill you makes you stranger: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (CD26) proteolysis differentially modulates the activity of many peptide hormones and cytokines generating novel cryptic bioactive ligands
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019Source: Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Ahmed M. Elmansi, Mohamed E. Awad, Nada H. Eisa, Dmitry Kondrikov, Khaled A. Hussein, Alexandra Aguilar-Pérez, Samuel Herberg, Sudharsan Periyasamy-Thandavan, Sadanand Fulzele, Mark W. Hamrick, Meghan E. McGee-Lawrence, Carlos M. Isales, Brian F. Volkman, William D. HillAbstractDipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is an exopeptidase found either on cell surfaces where it is highly regulated in terms of its expression and surface availability (CD26) or in a free/circulating soluble constitutively available and intrinsically active for...
Source: Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 1, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The therapeutic role of long non-coding RNAs in human diseases: A focus on the recent insights into autophagy
Publication date: April 2019Source: Pharmacological Research, Volume 142Author(s): Samira Barangi, A. Wallace Hayes, Russel Reiter, Gholamreza KarimiAbstractLong non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of non-coding RNA with ≥200 nucleotides in length which are involved as critical regulators in various cellular processes. LncRNAs contribute to the development and progression of many human diseases. Autophagy is a key catabolic process which helps to maintain the cellular homeostasis through the decay of damaged or unwanted proteins and dysfunctional cytoplasmic organelles. The impairment of the autophagy process has been des...
Source: Pharmacological Research - February 14, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

What doesn’t kill you makes you stranger: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (CD26) proteolysis differentially modulates the activity of many peptide hormones and cytokines generating novel cryptic bioactive ligands
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019Source: Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Ahmed M. Elmansi, Mohamed E. Awad, Nada H. Eisa, Dmitry Kondrikov, Khaled A. Hussein, Alexandra Aguilar-Pérez, Samuel Herberg, Sudharsan Periyasamy-Thandavan, Sadanand Fulzele, Mark W. Hamrick, Meghan E. McGee-Lawrence, Carlos M. Isales, Brian F. Volkman, William D. HillAbstractDipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is an exopeptidase found either on cell surfaces where it is highly regulated in terms of its expression and surface availability (CD26) or in a free/circulating soluble constitutively available and intrinsically active for...
Source: Pharmacology and Therapeutics - February 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The therapeutic role of long non-coding RNAs in human diseases; a focus on the recent insights into autophagy
Publication date: Available online 8 February 2019Source: Pharmacological ResearchAuthor(s): Samira Barangi, A. Wallace Hayes, Russel Reiter, Gholamreza KarimiAbstractLong non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of non-coding RNA with ≥200 nucleotides in length which are involved as critical regulators in various cellular processes. LncRNAs contribute to the development and progression of many human diseases. Autophagy is a key catabolic process which helps to maintain the cellular homeostasis through the decay of damaged or unwanted proteins and dysfunctional cytoplasmic organelles. The impairment of the autophagy process ha...
Source: Pharmacological Research - February 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Formyl peptide receptor-1 activation exerts a critical role for the dynamic plasticity of arteries via actin polymerization
In conclusion, we have established a novel role for FPR-1 in VSMC contractility and motility, similar to the one observed in sentinel cells of the innate immune system. This discovery is fundamental for vascular immuno-pathophysiology, given that FPR-1 in VSMCs not only functions as an immune system receptor, but it also has an important role for the dynamic plasticity of arteries.Graphical AbstractSchematic proposing that formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR-1) play a role in the vascular function. Formyl peptide receptor (FPR-1), an innate immune system receptor, mediates vascular plasticity during physiological conditions. Up...
Source: Pharmacological Research - January 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Monocyte as an Emerging Tool for Targeted Drug Delivery: A Review.
Abstract Monocytes are leading component of the mononuclear phagocytic system that play a key role in phagocytosis and removal of several kinds of microbes from the body. Monocytes are bone marrow precursor cells, stay in the blood for few days and migrate towards tissues where they differentiate into macrophages. Monocytes can be used as a carrier for delivery of active agents into tissues, where other carriers have no significant access. Targeting monocytes is possible both through passive and active targeting, the former one is simply achieved by enhanced permeation and retention effect while the later one by a...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - January 1, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sabir F, Farooq RK, Asim Ur Rehman, Ahmed N Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors: can multiple mechanisms be an opportunity for ischemic stroke?
Abstract Stroke and cerebrovascular disease are now the fifth most common cause of death behind other diseases such as heart, cancer and respiratory disease and accounts for approximately 40-50 fatalities per 100,000 people each year in the United States. Currently the only therapy for acute stroke, is intravenous administration of tissue plasminogen activator which was approved in 1996 by the FDA. Surprisingly no new treatments have come on the market since, although endovascular mechanical thrombectomy is showing promising results in trials. Recently focus has shifted towards a preventative therapy rather than t...
Source: Neuropharmacology - December 19, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lanigan SM, O'Connor JJ Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis and Risk in the Inpatient and Outpatient Continuum of Care Among Hospitalized Acutely Ill Patients in the US: A Retrospective Analysis
ConclusionIn this retrospective analysis of nearly 18,000 patients hospitalized for acute illnesses, 59.1% did not receive any VTE prophylaxis and only 7.1% received VTE prophylaxis in both the inpatient and outpatient continuum of care, despite significant VTE risk extending from hospitalization into the post-discharge period.FundingPortola Pharmaceuticals.
Source: Advances in Therapy - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Dioscin: a diverse acting natural compound with therapeutic potential in metabolic diseases, cancer, inflammation and infections
Publication date: Available online 10 October 2018Source: Pharmacological ResearchAuthor(s): Xufeng Tao, Lianhong Yin, Lina Xu, Jinyong PengAbstractCurrently, the numbers of patients with cancer, fibrosis, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, stroke and osteoporosis are increasing fast and fast. It’s critical necessary to discovery lead compounds for new drug development. Dioscin, one active compound in some medicinal plants, has anti-inflammation, immunoregulation, hypolipidemic, anti-viral, anti-fungal and anti-allergic effects. In recent years, dioscin has reached more and more attention with its potent effects to treat ...
Source: Pharmacological Research - October 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research