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Total 198 results found since Jan 2013.

Partial contribution of Rho-kinase inhibition to the bioactivity of Ganoderma lingzhi and its isolated compounds: insights on discovery of natural Rho-kinase inhibitors
AbstractRecent studies identified Rho-kinase enzymes (ROCK-I and ROCK-II) as important targets that are involved in a variety of diseases. Synthetic Rho-kinase inhibitors have emerged as potential therapeutic agents to treat disorders such as hypertension, stroke, cancer, diabetes, glaucoma, etc. Our study is the first to screen the total ethanol extract of the medicinal mushroomGanoderma lingzhi with thirty-five compounds for Rho-kinase inhibitory activity. Moreover, a molecular binding experiment was designed to investigate the binding affinity of the compounds at the active sites of Rho-kinase enzymes. The structure –...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - January 9, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The physiological/pathophysiological significance of Vitamin D in cancer, cardiovascular disorders and beyond.
Abstract Vitamin D, a molecular precursor of the potent steroid hormone calcitriol, has a crucial functions and roles in physiology and pathophysiology. Tellingly, Calcitriol has been shown to regulate various cellular signalling networks and cascades that have crucial role in cancer biology and diagnostics. Mounting lines of evidences from previous clinical and preclinical investigations indicate that the deficiency of vitamin D may contribute to the carcinogenesis risk. Concomitantly, recent reports suggested that significant reduction in the cancer occurrence and progression is more likely to appear after vitam...
Source: Current Drug Metabolism - December 6, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: AlMatar M, AlMandeal H, Makky EA, Kayar B, Yarar E, Var I, Köksal F Tags: Curr Drug Metab Source Type: research

Cigarette smoke and related risk factors in neurological disorders: An update
Publication date: January 2017 Source:Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 85 Author(s): Smilin Bell Aseervatham G, Sangdun Choi, Jayalakshmi Krishnan, Ruckmani K Cigarette smoking is known to be harmful to health, and is considered the main cause of death worldwide, especially in India. Among the well-distinguished diseases related to smoking are, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, oral and peripheral cancers, and cardiovascular complications. However, the impact of cigarette smoking on neurocognitive and neuropathological effects, including anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, ischemic str...
Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy - December 5, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Cigarette smoke and related risk factors in neurological disorders: An update.
Abstract Cigarette smoking is known to be harmful to health, and is considered the main cause of death worldwide, especially in India. Among the well-distinguished diseases related to smoking are, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, oral and peripheral cancers, and cardiovascular complications. However, the impact of cigarette smoking on neurocognitive and neuropathological effects, including anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischemic stroke, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction, still remains unclear. Cigarette smoke consists of more than 4500 toxic chemicals that combine to form free radicals,...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - December 4, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: G SB, Choi S, Krishnan J, K R Tags: Biomed Pharmacother Source Type: research

Health status correlates of malnutrition in the polish elderly population - Results of the Polsenior Study.
CONCLUSIONS: PNS in Polish elderly population is strongly related to the occurrence of symptoms of depression. People in advanced age with symptoms of depression, cognitive impairment, multimorbidity, anaemia and total edentulism should be screened and monitored for early symptoms of malnutrition. PMID: 27874939 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - November 24, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

A Single Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Orally Administered Des-Aspartate Angiotensin I in Healthy Subjects
AbstractDes-aspartate-angiotensin I (DAA-I) is an endogenous angiotensin peptide and a prototype angiotensin receptor agonist (ARA). It acts on the angiotensin AT1 receptor and antagonises the deleterious actions of angiotensin II. DAA-I attenuates animal models of human disease in which angiotensin II has been implicated, such as cardiac hypertrophy, neointima formation, arteriosclerosis, renal failure, post-infarction injuries, diabetes, viral infection, chemical-induced inflammation, heat stroke, cancer, and gamma radiation lethality. DAA-I crosses Caco-2 cells and is effective at sub-nanomolar concentrations. These two...
Source: Drugs in R&D - September 27, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Endothelial Small- and Intermediate-Conductance K Channels and Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization as Drug Targets in Cardiovascular Disease.
Abstract Endothelial calcium/calmodulin-gated K channels of small (KCa2.3) and intermediate conductance (KCa3.1) produce membrane hyperpolarization and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH)-mediated vasodilation. Dysfunctions of the two channels and ensuing EDH impairments are found in several cardiovascular pathologies such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, postangioplastic neointima formation, but also inflammatory disease, cancer, and organ fibrosis. Moreover, KCa3.1 plays an important role in endothelial barrier dysfunction, edema formation in cardiac and pulmonary disease, and in ischemic stroke. Concerni...
Source: Advances in Pharmacology - July 29, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Köhler R, Oliván-Viguera A, Wulff H Tags: Adv Pharmacol Source Type: research

The Role of Epsilon PKC in Acute and Chronic Diseases: Possible Pharmacological Implications of its Modulators
Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016 Source:Pharmacological Research Author(s): Barbara Capuani, Francesca Pacifici, Donatella Pastore, Raffaele Palmirotta, Giulia Donadel, Roberto Arriga, Alfonso Bellia, Nicola di Daniele, Paola Rogliani, Pasquale Abete, Paolo Sbraccia, Fiorella Guadagni, Davide Lauro, David Della-Morte Epsilon Protein kinase C (εPCK) is a particular kinase that, when activated, is able to protect against different stress injuries and therefore has been proposed to be a potential molecular target against acute and chronic diseases. Particular attention has been focused on εPCK...
Source: Pharmacological Research - July 25, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Endocannabionoid System in Neurological Disorders.
Authors: Bifulco M, Laezza C, Malfitano AM Abstract BACKGROUND: Several studies support the evidence that the endocannabinoid system and cannabimimetic drugs might have therapeutic potential in numerous pathologies. These pathologies range from neurological disorders, atherosclerosis, stroke, cancer to obesity/metabolic syndrome and others. METHODS: In this paper we review the endocannabinoid system signaling and its alteration in neurodegenerative disorders like multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease and discuss the main findings about the use of cannabinoids in t...
Source: Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery - July 2, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Recent Pat CNS Drug Discov Source Type: research

Cannabimimetic Drugs: Recent Patents in Central Nervous System Disorders.
In this study, we focused on endocannabinoid mechanism of action in neuronal signaling and on cannabimimetic drug potential application in neurological disorders. Finally, novel patents on cannabis-based drugs with applicability in central nervous system disorders are highlighted, to suggest future potential therapeutic utility of derivatives of this ancient plant. PMID: 27334611 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery - June 25, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Recent Pat CNS Drug Discov Source Type: research

Phytocannabinoids and cannabimimetic drugs: recent patents in central nervous system disorders.
CONCLUSIONS: Finally, although the study of the mechanisms of action of these compounds is still unsolved, many reports and patents strongly suggest therapeutic potential of these compounds in neurological diseases. PMID: 27184693 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery - May 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Recent Pat CNS Drug Discov Source Type: research

The emerging role of galectins in cardiovascular disease.
Abstract Galectins are an ancient family of β-galactoside-specific lectins and consist of 15 different types, each with a specific function. They play a role in the immune system, inflammation, wound healing and carcinogenesis. In particular the role of galectin in cancer is widely studied. Lately, the role of galectins in the development of cardiovascular disease has gained attention. Worldwide cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of death. In ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis limits adequate blood flow. Angiogenesis and arteriogenesis are highly important mechanisms relieving ischemia by rest...
Source: Vascular Pharmacology - March 2, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: van der Hoeven NW, Hollander MR, Yıldırım C, Jansen MF, Teunissen PF, Horrevoets AJ, van der Pouw Kraan TC, van Royen N Tags: Vascul Pharmacol Source Type: research

Emerging potential of exosomes and noncoding microRNAs for the treatment of neurological injury/diseases.
Authors: Chopp M, Zhang ZG Abstract Recent discoveries of cellular generation of exosomes, small (∼ 30 - 100 nm) complex lipid membrane structures which encapsulate and transport proteins, RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) have provided new insight in how cells within organisms communicate. These discoveries will likely have a major impact on the treatment of disease, with cancers and neurological diseases as evident targets. Exosomes provide a major medium of intercellular communications and thereby, there being a potential by altering communications and instructions for protein production, we can employ exosom...
Source: Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs - February 17, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Emerg Drugs Source Type: research

Safety of medical treatments for endometriosis.
Authors: Berlanda N, Somigliana E, Viganò P, Vercellini P Abstract INTRODUCTION: All medical treatments for endometriosis are equally effective in relieving pain. However, all of them alleviate pain symptoms for as long as they are used, but pain always relapses when medication is discontinued. Therefore, medications need to be used in the long term. AREAS COVERED: Formulations of estro-progestins that contain less than 50 µg of estrogen are associated with a low risk of venous thrombosis, myocardial infarction and stroke. When considering the neoplastic effects, data suggest that the overall risk of invasiv...
Source: Expert Opinion on Drug Safety - February 17, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Drug Saf Source Type: research

Natural polyphenols based new therapeutic avenues for advanced biomedical applications.
Authors: Agrawal M Abstract Polyphenols are naturally occurring, synthetic or semisynthetic organic compounds that offer a vast array of advanced biomedical applications. The mostly researched polyphenolic compounds are resveratrol and flavanols, notably (-)-epicatechin. The ongoing research on clinically important resveratrol and flavanols has revealed their potentials as extremely efficient drug agents that can be leveraged for new therapeutic designs for combating stroke related injuries, cancer and renal failures. Here, we have highlighted recent developments in this area with an emphasis on the biomedical appl...
Source: Drug Metabolism Reviews - February 16, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Drug Metab Rev Source Type: research