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Specialty: Opthalmology

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Total 178 results found since Jan 2013.

Interactions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin with TLR2 and TLR4 regulate anti-fungal innate immunity in Aspergillus fumigatus-induced corneal infection.
Abstract Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an interleukin 7 (IL-7)-like four helix bundle cytokine that plays diverse roles in the regulation of immune responses. In fungal infection, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including the cell surface Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytoplasmic NOD-like receptors, recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns to initiate downstream signal cascades to active immune responses. Our previous studies reported that, in vitro human cornea epithelium cells represented a novel target of TSLP and that TSLP/TSLPR/STAT5 signaling played an important role in the response t...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - March 6, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Dai C, Wu J, Chen C, Wu X Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Repression of microRNA-21 inhibits retinal vascular endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis via PTEN dependent-PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway in diabetic retinopathy.
This study is performed to explore the effects of microRNA-21 (miR-21) on retinal vascular endothelial cell (RVEC) viability and angiogenesis in rats with DR via the phosphatidylinositiol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway by binding to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used for establishment of DR models. Target relationship between miR-21 and PTEN was assessed by bioinformatics prediction in combination with dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Identification of expression of miR-21, PTEN and PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway-r...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - November 20, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Lu JM, Zhang ZZ, Ma X, Fang SF, Qin XH Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

APX-115A, a pan-NADPH oxidase inhibitor, induces caspase-dependent cell death by suppressing NOX4-ROS signaling in EBV-infected retinal epithelial cells.
Conclusion Taken together, these our results suggest that APX-115A could be a therapeutic agent for treating EBV-infected retinal cells or diseases by inhibiting LMP1-NOX4-ROS signaling. PMID: 31951764 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Eye Research - January 16, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Hong SW, Noh MH, Kim YS, Jin DH, Moon SH, Yang JW, Hur DY Tags: Curr Eye Res Source Type: research

Clinical Role of Epigenetics and Network Analysis in Eye Diseases: A Translational Science Review.
Authors: Lanza M, Benincasa G, Costa D, Napoli C Abstract Network medicine is a molecular-bioinformatic approach analyzing gene-gene interactions that can perturb the human interactome. This review focuses on epigenetic changes involved in several ocular diseases, such as DNA methylation, histone and nonhistone post-translational modifications, and noncoding RNA regulators. Although changes in aberrant DNA methylation play a major role in the pathogenesis of most ocular diseases, histone modifications are seldom investigated. Hypermethylation in TGM-2 and hypomethylation in MMP-2/CD24 promoter genes may play a cruc...
Source: Journal of Ophthalmology - January 25, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Tags: J Ophthalmol Source Type: research

Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase attenuated retinal inflammation via suppressing NF- κB activation.
This study was aimed to dissect the role of ACHE in retinal inflammation, and its mechanism of action. Retinal inflammation was induced by intravitreal injection of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in heterozygous ACHE knockout mice (ACHE+/-) and wild type mice (ACHE+/+). Donepezil, a well-known ACHE inhibitor, was administrated by daily gavage. Expression of ACHE and intercellular adherent molecule-1 (ICAM-1), infiltration of CD11b+ inflammatory cells, retinal leukostasis and vascular leakage was determined in both ACHE ± and ACHE+/+ mice. ARPE-19 cells, a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line, were cultured for ...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - March 13, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Li J, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ye S, Yi J, Chen Q, Liu Q Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

RhoA activation decreases phagocytosis of trabecular meshwork cells.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the RhoA signal pathway regulates the phagocytic activity of TM cells. PMID: 32847411 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Eye Research - August 25, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Fujimoto T, Sato-Ohira S, Tanihara H, Inoue T Tags: Curr Eye Res Source Type: research

The cGAS-STING signaling pathway contributes to the inflammatory response and autophagy in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis.
In this study, we showed that the cGAS-STING signaling pathway was activated in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and in mouse corneas infected with A. fumigatus. Knockdown of cGAS reduced A. fumigatus-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-β. However, reconstruction of cGAS activity restored the inflammatory response in HCECs infected with A. fumigatus. A specific cGAS inhibitor, RU.521, could also significantly inhibit A. fumigatus-induced inflammatory cytokine expression. In addition, we found that cGAS was indispensable for the autophagy flux evoked by A. fumigat...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - November 20, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Han F, Guo H, Wang L, Zhang Y, Sun L, Dai C, Wu X Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

LncRNA-MALAT1/miRNA-204-5p/Smad4 Axis Regulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Proliferation and Migration of Lens Epithelial Cells.
Conclusions: Our findings reveal that MALAT1 may regulate EMT, proliferation, and migration of LECs as a ceRNA by "sponging" miR-204-5p and targeting Smad4, and serve as a promising therapeutic target in preventing PCO. PMID: 33327804 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Eye Research - December 17, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Peng C, Wang Y, Ji L, Kuang L, Yu Z, Li H, Zhang J, Zhao J Tags: Curr Eye Res Source Type: research

MicroRNA Let-7c-5p-mediated regulation of ERCC6 disrupts autophagic flux in age-related cataract via the binding to VCP
CONCLUSION: In ARC, Let-7c-5p-mediated downregulation of ERCC6 might prevent the degradation of autophagic vacuoles. CSB binds to VCP, inducing autophagosomes to combine with lysosomes and be degraded.PMID:33703976 | DOI:10.1080/02713683.2021.1900273
Source: Current Eye Research - March 11, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Yu Cao Pengfei Li Guowei Zhang Lihua Kang Tianqiu Zhou Jian Wu Yong Wang Ying Wang Xiaojuan Chen Huaijin Guan Source Type: research

Astaxanthin mediated regulation of VEGF through HIF1 α and XBP1 signaling pathway: An insight from ARPE-19 cell and streptozotocin mediated diabetic rat model
Exp Eye Res. 2021 Mar 28:108555. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108555. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBreakdown of outer blood-retina barrier (BRB) has been associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) might play a detrimental role in the pathogenesis of DME, a major clinical manifestation of DR. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory mechanism of astaxanthin on VEGF and its upstream signaling pathways under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Astaxanthin has been observed to downregulate VEGF expression under hyperglycemic (H...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - March 31, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Rajasekar Janani Rani Elavarasan Anitha Madan Kumar Perumal Peethambaran Divya Vallikannan Baskaran Source Type: research

Corneal lymphangiogenesis in dry eye disease is regulated by substance P/neurokinin-1 receptor system through controlling expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3
CONCLUSIONS: SP/NK1R system promotes lymphangiogenesis in vitro and NK1R antagonism suppresses pathologic corneal lymphangiogenesis in DED in vivo.PMID:34311077 | DOI:10.1016/j.jtos.2021.07.003
Source: The Ocular Surface - July 26, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Seok Jae Lee Sang-Taek Im Jun Wu Chang Sik Cho Dong Hyun Jo Yihe Chen Reza Dana Jeong Hun Kim Sang-Mok Lee Source Type: research

Potential Protective Role of TRPM7 and Involvement of PKC/ERK Pathway in Blue Light–Induced Apoptosis in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells in Vitro
Purpose: Blue light triggers apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and causes retinal damage. The aim of this study was to elucidate the protective role of transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) in photodamaged RPE cells. Methods: RPE cells were isolated from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and exposed to varying intensities of blue light (500–5000 lux) in vitro. Cell proliferation and metabolic activity were respectively assessed by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT...
Source: Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology - November 1, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Study Source Type: research

Copolymer micelle-administered melatonin ameliorates hyperosmolarity-induced ocular surface damage through regulating PINK1 mediated mitophagy
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrated that Mel-Mic ameliorates hyperosmolarity induced ocular surface damage via PINK1 mediated mitophagy and may represent an effective treatment for DED possibly through acting MT1 receptor.PMID:35179400 | DOI:10.1080/02713683.2021.2022163
Source: Current Eye Research - February 18, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Jing Xu Peng Chen Guangfen Zhao Susu Wei Qiqi Li Chuanlong Guo Qilong Cao Xianggen Wu Guohu Di Source Type: research