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Specialty: Opthalmology

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Total 178 results found since Jan 2013.

Glucocorticoid Induction of Occludin Expression and Endothelial Barrier Requires Transcription Factor p54 NONO Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. p54 is essential for GC-mediated expression of occludin, claudin-5, and barrier induction, and the p54/PSF heterodimer may contribute to normal blood-retinal barrier (BRB) induction in vivo. Understanding the mechanism of GC induction of BRB properties may provide novel therapies for macular edema.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 12, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Keil, J. M., Liu, X., Antonetti, D. A. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2 Is a Potent Hemangiogenic and Lymphangiogenic Factor in Corneal Inflammation Cornea
Conclusions. Our findings demonstrated Angptl2 to be upregulated in corneal inflammation, and highlight that corneal hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis may be driven by Angptk2 overexpression via macrophage infiltration and IL-1β expression. Angptl2 may be a novel therapeutic target for preventing blindness.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 26, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Toyono, T., Usui, T., Yokoo, S., Kimakura, M., Nakagawa, S., Yamagami, S., Miyata, K., Oike, Y., Amano, S. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Ion Transport Function of SLC4A11 in Corneal Endothelium Physiology and Pharmacology
Conclusions. In corneal endothelium, SLC4A11 displays robust Na+-coupled OH– transport, but does not transport B(OH)4– or HCO3–.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 21, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Jalimarada, S. S., Ogando, D. G., Vithana, E. N., Bonanno, J. A. Tags: Physiology and Pharmacology Source Type: research

Role of PKC{alpha} Activation of Src, PI-3K/AKT, and ERK in EGF-Stimulated Proliferation of Rat and Human Conjunctival Goblet Cells Cornea
Conclusions. We found that EGF activates a major pathway to stimulate goblet cell proliferation. This pathway consists of induction of phospholipase C (PLC) to activate PKCα. Active PKCα phosphorylates Src to induce PI-3K to phosphorylate AKT that subsequently activates the ERK1/2 cascade to stimulate goblet cell proliferation.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - August 21, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Li, D., Shatos, M. A., Hodges, R. R., Dartt, D. A. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Expression and Distribution of Claudin Subtypes in Human Corneal Endothelium Cornea
Conclusions. The expression pattern of claudin-10b+/claudin-14– was specific in corneal endothelium among the three corneal layers. Claudin-10b may play an important role in the tight junction of corneal endothelium.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - November 8, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Inagaki, E., Hatou, S., Yoshida, S., Miyashita, H., Tsubota, K., Shimmura, S. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Assessment of anti-scarring therapies in ex vivo organ cultured rabbit corneas.
Abstract The effects of a triple combination of siRNAs targeting key scarring genes were assessed using an ex vivo organ culture model of excimer ablated rabbit corneas. The central 6 mm diameter region of fresh rabbit globes was ablated to a depth of 155 microns with an excimer laser. Corneas were excised, cultured at the air-liquid interface in defined culture medium supplemented with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), and treated with either 1% prednisolone acetate or with 22.5 μM cationic nanoparticles complexed with a triple combination of siRNAs (NP-siRNA) targeting TGFB1, TGFB Receptor (TGFBR2) ...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - June 24, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Sriram S, Gibson D, Robinson P, Pi L, Tuli S, Lewin AS, Schultz G Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

High Glucose Alters Cx43 Expression and Gap Junction Intercellular Communication in Retinal Muller Cells: Promotes Muller Cell and Pericyte Apoptosis Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. Gap junction communication between Müller cells and pericytes is essential for their survival. Downregulation of Cx43 that is HG induced and impairment of GJIC activity in Müller cells contributes to loss of glial and vascular cells associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - July 14, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Muto, T., Tien, T., Kim, D., Sarthy, V. P., Roy, S. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Corneal Wound Healing, a Newly Identified Function of CAP37, Is Mediated by Protein Kinase C Delta (PKC{delta}) Cornea
Conclusions. These findings support the hypothesis that CAP37 facilitates corneal wound healing through the activation of PKC.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - August 8, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Griffith, G. L., Kasus-Jacobi, A., Lerner, M. R., Pereira, H. A. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Reliability of the Mouse Model of Choroidal Neovascularization Induced by Laser Photocoagulation Retina
Conclusions. We present our recommended methods for conducting experiments with the mouse laser-induced CNV model to enhance reproducibility and minimize investigator bias.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - October 16, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Poor, S. H., Qiu, Y., Fassbender, E. S., Shen, S., Woolfenden, A., Delpero, A., Kim, Y., Buchanan, N., Gebuhr, T. C., Hanks, S. M., Meredith, E. L., Jaffee, B. D., Dryja, T. P. Tags: Retina Source Type: research

Epigenetic Modifications of Keap1 Regulate Its Interaction With the Protective Factor Nrf2 in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. Epigenetic modifications at Keap1 promoter by SetD7 facilitate its binding with Sp1, increasing its expression. Keap1 restrains Nrf2 in the cytosol, impairing its transcriptional activity. Reversal of hyperglycemia fails to provide any benefit to epigenetic modifications of Keap1 promoter, suggesting their role in both the development of diabetic retinopathy and the metabolic memory phenomenon.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - November 13, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Mishra, M., Zhong, Q., Kowluru, R. A. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Involvement of Intracellular Calcium Mobilization in IL-8 Activation in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Conclusions. Collectively, our findings highlight the important role of intracellular calcium mobilization in the activation of IL-8. These findings may be helpful for the clinical applications in the age-related macular degeneration (AMD) prevention and treatment.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - February 3, 2015 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Yang, I.-H., Wong, J.-H., Chang, C.-M., Chen, B.-K., Tsai, Y.-T., Chen, W.-C., Wang, E. T., Hsu, W.-L., Chang, W.-C. Tags: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Knockout of {alpha}A-Crystallin Inhibits Ocular Neovascularization Retina
Conclusions. Knockout of αA-crystallin inhibited pathologic neovascularization through the VEGF and VEGFR2 signaling pathways both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that αA-crystallin could be a novel pharmaceutical target for the prevention of ocular neovascularization.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - February 5, 2015 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Xu, Q., Bai, Y., Huang, L., Zhou, P., Yu, W., Zhao, M. Tags: Retina Source Type: research

Herpes Virus Entry Mediator in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells Modulates the Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in Response to HSV Type 1 Challenge
Conclusions: HVEM in human corneal epithelial cells may act to dampen the production of some cytokines and chemokines and thus it may modulate the innate immune response against HSV-1. This may provide a novel mechanism for the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection in the cornea.Ophthalmic Res 2015;54:128-134
Source: Ophthalmic Research - August 31, 2015 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Aspergillus fumigatus promotes T helper type 2 responses through thymic stromal lymphopoietin production by human corneal epithelial cells
ConclusionThese findings suggested that HCEC‐derived TSLP has a key role in adaptive immune responses of fungal keratitis via skewing Th2 differentiation and promoting humoral immunity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - January 13, 2016 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Luping Wang, Leyi Wang, Xinyi Wu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Gene transfer to the outflow tract.
Abstract Elevated intraocular pressure is the primary cause of open angle glaucoma. Outflow resistance exists within the trabecular meshwork but also at the level of Schlemm's canal and further downstream within the outflow system. Viral vectors allow to take advantage of naturally evolved, highly efficient mechanisms of gene transfer, a process that is termed transduction. They can be produced at biosafety level 2 in the lab using protocols that have evolved considerably over the last 15-20 years. Applied by an intracameral bolus, vectors follow conventional as well as uveoscleral outflow pathways. They may affec...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - April 26, 2016 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Dang Y, Loewen R, Parikh HA, Roy P, Loewen NA Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research