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Specialty: Opthalmology

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Total 178 results found since Jan 2013.

Regulating gene expression towards solving ocular surface diseases
SummaryTreatment of genetic eye disease poses significant medical and surgical challenges. We used a bioluminescent corneal reporter gene mouse model to assess efficacy and potency of a number of gene therapy approaches for corneal dystrophy. Various modalities were assessed for delivery of short interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting one of five mutant alleles present in the corneal bioluminescent mouse model enabling assessment of topical, subconjunctival and intrastromal delivery. Potent and sustained in vivo gene silencing >50% for up to 7 days was observed. This siRNA therapy only provides a transient silencing of the ...
Source: Acta Ophthalmologica - September 13, 2016 Category: Opthalmology Authors: T. Moore, S. Atkinson, E. Maurizi, D. Schiroli, L. Mairs, K. Christie, I. McLean, E. Allen, D.L. Pedrioli, J. Moore, A. Nesbit Tags: Abstracts from the 2016 European Association for Vision and Eye Research Conference Source Type: research

A potential role for Eph receptor signalling during migration of corneal endothelial cells.
In this study we demonstrate that cultures of corneal endothelial cells display reduced migration in scratch wound assays, and reduced levels of E-cadherin mRNA, following suppression of ligand-activated Eph receptor signalling by treatment with lithocholic acid. Two Eph receptors, EphA1 and EphA2, were subsequently detected in corneal endothelial cells, and their potential involvement during migration was explored through gene silencing using siRNAs. EphA2 siRNA reduced levels of mRNA for both EphA2 and N-cadherin, but increased levels of mRNA for both EphA1 and E-cadherin. No effect, however, was observed for EphA2 siRNA...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - February 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Walshe J, Richardson NA, Al Abdulsalam NK, Stephenson SA, Harkin DG Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Up-regulation of P-gp via NF- κB activation confers protection against oxidative damage in the retinal pigment epithelium cells.
In conclusion, P-gp can provide moderate cytoprotection for the human RPE cells by ameliorating the mitochondrial dysfunction and NF-κB activation may be a potential regulator of P-gp expression response to oxidative stress. PMID: 30496729 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Eye Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Feng Q, Yang W, Gao Z, Ruan X, Zhang Y Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

TGF- β1 Induces Human Tenon's Fibroblasts Fibrosis via miR-200b and Its Suppression of PTEN Signaling.
CONCLUSION: TGF-β1-mediated miR-200b induces HTFs fibrosis through suppressing PTEN signaling pathway. PMID: 30512998 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Eye Research - December 4, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Tong J, Chen F, Du W, Zhu J, Xie Z Tags: Curr Eye Res Source Type: research

Kojic acid inhibits senescence of human corneal endothelial cells via NF- κB and p21 signaling pathways.
In this study, we investigated the anti-senescence effect of kojic acid on HCEC. Cell viability, migration ability and senescence were evaluated by MTT assay, migration assay, and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining, respectively. Senescence-related protein expression was analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. Angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was examined by tube formation assay and spheroid sprouting assay. The results showed that kojic acid could inhibit HCEC senescence, characterized by enhancing migration, decreasing the levels of SA-β-Gal sta...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - December 28, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Wei X, Luo D, Yan Y, Yu H, Sun L, Wang C, Song F, Ge H, Qian H, Li X, Tang X, Liu P Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

The Effect of Rebamipide Ophthalmic Solution on Cytokine and Mucin Secretion in Culture of Conjunctival Epithelial Cells From the Cu, Zn-Superoxide Dismutase-1 (SOD-1) Knock-Down Mouse
Objectives: To evaluate the in vitro effects of 1-mM rebamipide ophthalmic solution on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and MUC5AC in Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) knock-down conjunctival epithelium. Methods: Conjunctival epithelium from C57BL/6 wild-type mice was cultured and treated with rebamipide ophthalmic solution. Using cytometric bead array, we examined the levels of interleukin-(IL)-6, IL-10, IL-17, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interferon-γ (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor, and IL-12p70 in the culture supernatants. The culture supernatants were obtained from the culture medium of nontre...
Source: Eye and Contact Lens: Science and Clinical Practice - February 26, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Article Source Type: research

Receptor potential channels TRPC1/TRPC6 regulate lamina cribrosa cell extracellular matrix gene transcription and proliferation.
In conclusion, TRPC1/C6 expression is enhanced in glaucoma LC cells. These channels may contribute to oxidative stress-induced ECM gene transcription and cell proliferation in normal and glaucoma LC cells through Ca2+-NFATc3 signaling pathway mechanism. TRPC1 and TRPC6 channels could be important therapeutic targets to prevent ECM remodeling and fibrosis development in glaucoma optic neuropathy. PMID: 32088241 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Eye Research - February 19, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Irnaten M, O'Malley G, Clark AF, O'Brien CJ Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

RvE1 uses the LTB4 receptor BLT1 to increase Ca2+i and stimulate mucin secretion in cultured rat and human conjunctival goblet cells.
CONCLUSION: RvE1, in addition to the ChemR23 receptor, uses the BLT1 receptor to increase [Ca2+]i and stimulate secretion in both rat and human cultured conjunctival goblet cells. PMID: 32361084 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Ocular Surface - April 28, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Yang M, Lippestad M, Hodges RR, Fjærvoll HK, Fjærvoll KA, Bair JA, Utheim TP, Serhan CN, Dartt DA Tags: Ocul Surf Source Type: research

GSDMD, an executor of pyroptosis, is involved in IL-1 β secretion in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis.
GSDMD, an executor of pyroptosis, is involved in IL-1β secretion in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis. Exp Eye Res. 2020 Dec 03;:108375 Authors: Zhao W, Yang H, Lyu L, Zhang J, Xu Q, Jiang N, Liu G, Wang L, Yan H, Che C Abstract The protein GSDMD is an important performer of pyroptosis and a universal substrate for the inflammatory caspase. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of GSDMD in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis is remains unknown. Here we detected GSDMD protein in the cornea of normal and fungal-infected C57BL/6 mice. Human corneal epithelial cell (HCECs) were preincubated with a hydroch...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - December 3, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zhao W, Yang H, Lyu L, Zhang J, Xu Q, Jiang N, Liu G, Wang L, Yan H, Che C Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Minocycline prevents the inflammatory response after retinal detachment, where microglia phenotypes being regulated through A20.
Abstract Retinal detachment (RD) is a severe sight-threatening complication that can be caused by a multitude of retinal diseases. It has been evidenced that minocycline exerts neuroprotective effects by targeting microglia in the pathogenesis of massive ocular lesions including RD, but mechanisms remain elusive. We carried out this research to elucidate the potential mediators that link RD-induced vision loss with microglia reactivity by discussing effects of minocycline on cytokine levels and A20, a negative regulator of inflammation. Minocycline or vehicle was intraperitoneally administrated immediately after R...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - December 13, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Gao W, Du J, Chi Y, Zhu R, Gao X, Yang L Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

RNA therapeutics in ophthalmology - translation to clinical trials.
Abstract The use of RNA interference technology has proven to inhibit the expression of many target genes involved in the underlying pathogenesis of several diseases affecting various systems. First established in in vitro and later in animal studies, small interfering RNA (siRNA) and antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapeutics are now entering clinical trials with the potential of clinical translation to patients. Gene-silencing therapies have demonstrated promising responses in ocular disorders, predominantly due to the structure of the eye being a closed and compartmentalised organ. However, although the effic...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - February 3, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Gupta A, Kafetzis KN, Tagalakis AD, Yu-Wai-Man C Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Inhibition of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 prevents corneal myofibroblast transformation in vitro
CONCLUSION: Inhibition of EZH2 suppresses corneal myofibroblast activation and ECM protein synthesis, and could serve as a novel therapeutic target for preventing corneal scarring.PMID:33992624 | DOI:10.1016/j.exer.2021.108611
Source: Experimental Eye Research - May 16, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Kai Liao Zekai Cui Yong Zeng Jian Liu Yini Wang Zhijie Wang Shibo Tang Jiansu Chen Source Type: research

Hypoxic and osmotic expression of Kir2.1 potassium channels in retinal pigment epithelial cells: Contribution to vascular endothelial growth factor expression
Exp Eye Res. 2021 Aug 20:108741. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108741. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRetinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells express different subtypes of inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channels. We investigated whether human and rat RPE cells express genes of strongly rectifying Kir2 channels. We also determined the hypoxic and hyperosmotic regulation of Kir2.1 gene expression in cultured human RPE cells and the effects of siRNA-mediated knockdown of Kir2.1 on VEGFA expression, VEGF secretion, proliferation, and viability of the cells. Extracellular hyperosmolarity was induced by addition of NaCl or sucrose...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - August 23, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Eva Klose Heidrun Kuhrt Leon Kohen Peter Wiedemann Andreas Bringmann Margrit Hollborn Source Type: research