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Total 281 results found since Jan 2013.
Inhibition of inflammation-mediated DPP-4 expression by linagliptin increases M2 macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions.
CONCLUSIONS: Linagliptin increased M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting DPP-4 expression and activity. These findings may indicate the beneficial effects of DPP-4 inhibitors on the progression of diabetic macrovascular complications.
PMID: 31964532 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - January 17, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nishida S, Matsumura T, Senokuchi T, Murakami-Nishida S, Ishii N, Morita Y, Yagi Y, Motoshima H, Kondo T, Araki E Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research
Interleukin-27 decreases ghrelin production through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3—mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling
In conclusion, IL-27 suppresses ghrelin production through the STAT3-mTOR dependent mechanism.Graphical abstractIL-27 stimulates the activity of STAT3 and mTOR. IL-27 also enhances the interaction between STAT3 and mTOR, leading to the subsequent inhibition of ghrelin expression and appetite.
Source: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B - January 8, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Role of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in suppressing lipid accumulation by glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist in hepatocytes
ConclusionsOur data reveals that exendin-4 stimulates hepatic ABCA1 expression and reduces lipid accumulation by the CaMKK/CaMKIV/PREB pathway, suggesting that ABCA1 and PREB might be the therapeutic targets in fatty liver disease.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Metabolism - January 7, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Targeting endothelial thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) protects from metabolic disorder-related impairment of vascular function and post-ischemic revascularisation
ConclusionCollectively, these results show that targeting endothelial TXNIP in metabolic disorders is essential to maintaining endothelial function, vascular function and improving ischemia-induced revascularisation, making TXNIP a potential therapeutic target for therapy of vascular complications related to metabolic disorders.
Source: Angiogenesis - January 2, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Identification of a hormone response element that mediates suppression of APOF by LXR and PPARα agonists
Publication date: Available online 6 December 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of LipidsAuthor(s): Yan Liu, Lahoucine Izem, Richard E. MortonAbstractApolipoprotein F (ApoF) regulates cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity. We previously observed that hepatic APOF mRNA levels are decreased by high fat, cholesterol-enriched diets. Here we show in human liver C3A cells that APOF mRNA levels are reduced by agonists of LXR and PPARα nuclear receptors. This negative regulation requires co-incubation with the RXR agonist, retinoic acid. Bioinformatic analysis of the ~2 kb sequen...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids - December 7, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
DEL-1 ameliorates high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mouse skeletal muscle through SIRT1/SERCA2-mediated ER stress suppression.
Abstract
Inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are associated with the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. Developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL-1) enhances efferocytosis by macrophage and suppresses inflammatory response. However, effects of DEL-1 on ER stress-mediated insulin resistance in skeletal muscle remain unclear. Here, DEL-1 treatment augmented SIRT1 expression in C2C12 myocytes, thereby increasing SERCA2 expression in a dose-dependent fashion, and attenuated ER stress and insulin resistance under palmitate treatment condition. SIRT1/SERCA2 knockdown abrogated effects of DEL-1 o...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - November 24, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Long Sun J, Park J, Lee T, Hoon Jeong J, Woo Jung T Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research
NLRP3 inflammasome mediate palmitate-induced endothelial dysfunction
This study aimed to investigate the role of NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3) inflammasome in FFA induced endothelial dysfunction.Main methodsHUVECs were transfected with NLRP3 siRNA and then stimulated with LPS and palmitate. C57 BL/6J mice transfected with NLRP3 Lenti-Virus were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). The levels of NLRP3 inflammasome, AMPKα (AMP-activated protein kinase), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the activity of the insulin signal pathway, in endothelial cells were determined via Western blotting. Endothelial function was determined by measuring the level of endothelium-dep...
Source: Life Sciences - November 7, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Deficiency of the autophagy gene ATG16L1 induces insulin resistance through KLHL9/KLHL13/CUL3-mediated IRS1 degradation Protein Synthesis and Degradation
We examined mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking Atg16l1 (ATG16L1 KO mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs)), an essential autophagy gene, and observed deficient insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling. ATG16L1 KO MEFs displayed reduced protein content of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1), pivotal to insulin signaling, whereas IRS1myc overexpression recovered downstream insulin signaling. Endogenous IRS1 protein content and insulin signaling were restored in ATG16L1 KO mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) upon proteasome inhibition. Through proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) and co-immunoprecipitation, ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - October 31, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Scott Frendo-Cumbo, Javier R. Jaldin-Fincati, Etienne Coyaud, Estelle M. N. Laurent, Logan K. Townsend, Joel M. J. Tan, Ramnik J. Xavier, Nicolas J. Pillon, Brian Raught, David C. Wright, John Hunter Brumell, Amira Klip Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research
High mobility group box-1 release from H2O2-injured hepatocytes due to sirt1 functional inhibition.
CONCLUSION: The functional inhibition between Parp1 and Sirt1 leads to HMGB1 hyperacetylation, which leads to its translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and finally outside the cell.
PMID: 31576091 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - September 27, 2019 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ye TJ, Lu YL, Yan XF, Hu XD, Wang XL Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research
Novel Interaction of Antioxidant-1 with TRAF4: Role in Inflammatory Responses in Endothelial Cells.
We reported that in proinflammatory cytokine TNFa-stimulated endothelial cells (ECs), cytosolic Cu chaperone Atox1 functions as a Cu-dependent transcription factor for NOX organizer p47phox, thereby increasing ROS-dependent inflammatory gene expression. However, the role and mechanism of Atox1 nuclear translocation in inflamed ECs remain unclear. Using enface staining and nuclear fractionation, here we show that Atox1 was localized in the nucleus in inflamed aortas from ApoE-/- mice with Angiotensin II infusion on a high fat diet, while it was found in cytosol in those from control mice. In cultured human ECs, TNFα stimul...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - September 24, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Das A, Sudhahar V, Ushio-Fukai M, Fukai T Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research
FcgRIII Deficiency and FcgRIIb Defeciency Promote Renal Injury in Diabetic Mice.
Abstract
The immune system is involved in the development of diabetes complications and IgG Fc gamma receptors (FcgRs) are key immune receptors responsible for the effective control of both humoral and innate immunity. We investigated the effects of members of the FcgR superfamily into both the streptozotocin plus high fat-induced type 2 diabetes and high fat diet (HFD) models. FcgRIII-/- diabetic mice and FcgRIIb-/- diabetic mice had elevated levels of serum creatinine compared with wildtype (WT) diabetic mice. Renal histology of diabetic FcgRIII knockout and FcgRIIb knockout mice showed mesangial expansion and G...
Source: Biomed Res - September 21, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Zhang R, Wang T, Yin Q, Zhang J, Li L, Guo R, Han Q, Li H, Wang Y, Wang J, Gurung P, Lu Y, Cheng J, Bai L, Zhang J, Liu F Tags: Biomed Res Int Source Type: research
High Fat and Diet Induced Obesity
i-FectTM Delivers Again!Research shows that rats and humans on a high-fat diet (HFD) are less sensitive to satiety signals known to act via vagal afferent pathways. Impaired vagal afferent responsiveness to both gastric satiety hormones (CCK and leptin) and mechanical stimulation raises the possibility that changes in electrophysiological properties may be the underlying mechanism responsible for impaired vagal responsiveness to a wide variety of satiety signals.Potassium channels play a central role. To demonstrate this researchers used ouri-Fect siRNA Transfection Kit to silence TRESK and TASK1 to understand there impact...
Source: Neuromics - September 16, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Tags: diabetes iFect obesity Obesity Research RNAi siRNA siRNA delivery in-vivo Source Type: news
Allyl isothiocyanate ameliorates lipid accumulation and inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via the Sirt1/AMPK and NF- κB signaling pathways.
CONCLUSION: AITC significantly ameliorates hepatic steatosis and inflammation by activating the Sirt1/AMPK pathway and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Therefore, AITC is a potential therapeutic agent for NAFLD.
PMID: 31558861 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - September 13, 2019 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Li CX, Gao JG, Wan XY, Chen Y, Xu CF, Feng ZM, Zeng H, Lin YM, Ma H, Xu P, Yu CH, Li YM Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research
Hypoxia exacerbates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via HIF-2 α/PPARα pathway.
This study aimed to investigate whether hypoxia can affect non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression and the associated mechanisms, specifically regarding the HIF-2α / PPARα pathway in vitro and vivo. Recent studies have reported that, compared with HIF-1α, HIF-2α has different effects on lipid metabolism. We propose hypoxia may exacerbate NAFLD by the HIF-2α upregulation-induced suppression of PPARα in the liver. To verify this hypothesis, a steatotic human hepatocyte (L02) cell line treated with free fatty acids and a mouse model of NAFLD fed a high-fat diet were used. Steatotic hepatocytes were treated...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - August 19, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Chen J, Chen J, Fu H, Li Y, Wang L, Luo S, Lu H Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
