Filtered By:
Infectious Disease: Hepatitis

This page shows you your search results in order of date. This is page number 16.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 297 results found since Jan 2013.

Rab13 Is Involved in the Entry Step of Hepatitis C Virus Infection.
Abstract Membrane transport probably participates in the lifecycle of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Rab proteins are essential host factors for HCV RNA replication, but these proteins' roles in other steps of the HCV lifecycle are not clear. The tight junction (TJ) plays a key role in HCV infection. Rab13 regulates the endocytic recycling of the TJ-associated proteins. Here we investigated whether Rab13 is involved in the HCV entry step. We used HuH-7-derived RSc cells and Li23-derived D7 cells. To evaluate the effect of Rab13 in HCV infection, we transfected the cells with siRNA targeting Rab13 before HCV infection. T...
Source: Acta Med Okayama - March 31, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Takeda M, Ikeda M, Satoh S, Dansako H, Wakita T, Kato N Tags: Acta Med Okayama Source Type: research

Inhibition of hepatitis C virus in mouse models by lipidoid nanoparticle-mediated systemic delivery of siRNA against PRK2
Publication date: Available online 22 March 2016 Source:Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine Author(s): Jae-Su Moon, Seung-Hoon Lee, Song-Hee Han, Eun-Jung Kim, Hee Cho, Wooseong Lee, Mi-Kyung Kim, Tae-Eun Kim, Hyun-Ji Park, Jin-Kyu Rhee, Seong-Jun Kim, Seung-Woo Cho, Seung Hyun Han, Jong-Won Oh Host-targeting antivirals have an advantage over direct-acting antivirals in that they have a high genetic barrier to resistance. Here, we describe in vivo anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) efficacy of a potent siRNA targeting the protein kinase C-related kinase 2 (PRK2), which phosphorylates HCV NS5B RNA-d...
Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine - March 21, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research

Enhancement of the replication of HCV replicons of genotypes 1-4 by manipulation of CpG and UpA dinucleotide frequencies and use of cell lines expressing SECL14L2 - application for antiviral resistance testing.
Abstract Treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) has improved greatly through the use of direct acting antivirals (DAAs). However, their effectiveness and potential for drug resistance development in non-genotype 1 variants of HCV remains relatively unexplored as in vitro assays to assess drug susceptibility are poorly developed and unsuited for a transient transfection format. In the current study, we have evaluated effects of dinucleotide frequency changes in the replicon and the use of a SEC14L2-expressing cell line on the replication of HCV of different genotypes and evaluated the resulting assay formats for sus...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - March 7, 2016 Category: Microbiology Authors: Witteveldt J, Martin-Gans M, Simmonds P Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research

HCV-activated NLRP3 Inflammasome Regulates Lipid Metabolism Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, we elucidate the potential link between chronic hepatitis C-associated inflammation and alteration of lipid homeostasis in infected cells. Our results reveal that the HCV-activated NLRP3 inflammasome is required for the up-regulation of lipogenic genes such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase, fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Using pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA against the inflammasome components (NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD, and caspase-1), we further show that the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a critical role in lipid d...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 12, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: McRae, S., Iqbal, J., Sarkar-Dutta, M., Lane, S., Nagaraj, A., Ali, N., Waris, G. Tags: Microbiology Source Type: research

Phosphorylation of NS5A Serine-235 is essential to hepatitis C virus RNA replication and normal replication compartment formation.
Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A protein is essential for HCV RNA replication and virus assembly. Here we report the identification of NS5A phosphorylation sites Ser-222, Ser-235 and Thr-348 during an infectious HCV replication cycle and demonstrate that Ser-235 phosphorylation is essential for HCV RNA replication. Confocal microscopy revealed that both phosphoablatant (S235A) and phosphomimetic (S235D) mutants redistribute NS5A to large juxta-nuclear foci that display altered colocalization with known replication complex components. Using electron microscopy (EM) we found that S235D alters virus-induced memb...
Source: Virology - February 10, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Eyre NS, Hampton-Smith RJ, Aloia AL, Eddes JS, Simpson KJ, Hoffmann P, Beard MR Tags: Virology Source Type: research

Upregulating the Expression of Survivin-HBXIP Complex Contributes to the Protective Role of IMM-H004 in Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion
Abstract IMM-H004, a 3-piperazinylcoumarin compound derived from coumarin, has been proved effective against CA1 cell loss and spatial learning impairments resulting from transient global ischemia/reperfusion (TGCI/R), while the mechanism is still largely unknown. Here, we confirmed that treatment of rats with IMM-H004 immediately after TGCI/R ameliorated delayed neuronal death (DND) in the CA1 of hippocampus and cortex. Further study suggested that IMM-H004 contributed to the expression of antiapoptotic protein survivin through the activation of PI3K-dependent protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), which led to the phosphor...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication in vivo using lipoplexes containing altritol-modified antiviral siRNAs.
Authors: Hean J, Crowther C, Ely A, Ul Islam R, Barichievy S, Bloom K, Weinberg MS, van Otterlo WA, de Koning CB, Salazar F, Marion P, Roesch EB, Lemaitre M, Herdewijn P, Arbuthnot P Abstract Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) occurs in approximately 6% of the world's population and carriers of the virus are at risk for complicating hepatocellular carcinoma. Current treatment options have limited efficacy and chronic HBV infection is likely to remain a significant global medical problem for many years to come. Silencing HBV gene expression by harnessing RNA interference (RNAi) presents an attractive...
Source: Artificial DNA: PNA and XNA - November 19, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Artif DNA PNA XNA Source Type: research

RNA Interference as a Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of Liver Diseases.
Abstract RNA interference has emerged as an innovative technology for gene silencing that degrades mRNAs complementary to the antisense strands of double-stranded, short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Its therapeutic application has important advantages over small-molecule drugs since offers the possibility of targeting virtually all genes and allows selective silencing of one or several genes. So far, a relative small proportion of cellular proteins can bind and respond to chemical drugs. Based on that, RNA interference-mediated gene silencing is widely considered as a crucial breakthrough in molecular biology with a...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - October 23, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gonzalez-Rodriguez A, Valverde AM Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Novel pH-sensitive multifunctional envelope-type nanodevice for siRNA-based treatments for chronic HBV infection
Antiviral agents including entecavir (ETV) suppress replication of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome in human hepatocytes, but they do not reduce the abundance of viral proteins. The present study focused on effectively reducing viral proteins levels.
Source: Journal of Hepatology - October 23, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Naoki Yamamoto, Yusuke Sato, Tsubasa Munakata, Masakazu Kakuni, Chise Tateno, Takahiro Sanada, Yuichi Hirata, Shuko Murakami, Yasuhito Tanaka, Kazuaki Chayama, Hiroto Hatakeyama, Mamoru Hyodo, Hideyoshi Harashima, Michinori Kohara Source Type: research

SUMO1 depletion prevents lipid droplet accumulation and HCV replication
Abstract Infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public-health problem. Chronic infection often leads to cirrhosis, steatosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The life cycle of HCV depends on the host cell machinery and involves intimate interaction between viral and host proteins. However, the role of host proteins in the life cycle of HCV remains poorly understood. Here, we identify the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO1) as a key host factor required for HCV replication. We performed a series of cell biology and biochemistry experiments using the HCV JFH-1 (Japanese fulminate hepatitis 1) genotype 2a...
Source: Archives of Virology - October 8, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research

STAT3‑regulated long non‑coding RNAs lnc‑7SK and lnc‑IGF2‑AS promote hepatitis C virus replication.
Authors: Xiong Y, Jia M, Yuan J, Zhang C, Zhu Y, Kuang X, Lan L, Wang X Abstract Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNAs that do not code protein but are important in diverse biological processes. In previous years, with the application of high‑throughput sequencing, a large number of lncRNAs associated with virus infections have been identified and intensively investigated, however, there are few studies examining the association between lncRNAs and HCV replication. Previous studies have demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is activated by the hepatitis C vi...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - September 4, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) binds miR-122, a mature liver-specific microRNA required for hepatitis C virus replication.
Abstract Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) binds to the 5' untranslated region of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and is required for HCV RNA replication. The hnRNP K binding site on HCV RNA overlaps with the sequence recognized by the liver-specific microRNA, miR-122. A proteome chip containing ~17,000 unique human proteins probed with miR-122 identified hnRNP K as one of the strong binding proteins. In vitro kinetic study showed hnRNP K binds miR-122 with a nanomolar dissociation constant, in which the short pyrimidine-rich residues in the central and 3' portion of the miR-122 were required for hnRNP K bin...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - September 1, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Fan B, Sutandy FX, Syu GD, Middleton S, Yi G, Lu KY, Chen CS, Kao CC Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: research

Roles of Toll-like Receptor 7 and 8 in Prevention of Intrauterine Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus
Background: Approximately 5% of newborns were infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) via intrauterine transmission, but most of the infants born to HBV-positive mothers are protected from infection. However, the mechanisms by which intrauterine transmission is avoided remain elusive, and the roles of toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been proposed. The aims of this study were to clarify if TLR 7 and 8 are involved in the prevention of intrauterine transmission of HBV. Methods: Real time polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the expression of TLRs and cytokines in placenta and trophoblasts. The expression of MyD8...
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - August 28, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

New and Emerging Agents for the Treatment of Hemophilia: Focus on Extended Half-Life Recombinant Clotting Proteins
Abstract Hemophilia A and B are X-linked disorders caused by deficient or defective clotting factor VIII (FVIII) or IX factor (FIX) proteins, and characterized by spontaneous or traumatic bleeding into joints and muscles. Previous use of plasma and plasma-derived clotting factors that lacked appropriate viral inactivation steps in manufacturing led to significant morbidity associated with transfusion-transmitted HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). The development of recombinant proteins revolutionized their treatment, and, with no new HIV or HCV infection via clotting proteins for nearly 30 years, greatly improved t...
Source: Drugs - August 27, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research