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Infectious Disease: Hepatitis
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Total 297 results found since Jan 2013.
Potential Use of Thioalkylated Mannose-Modified Dendrimer
(G3)/α-Cyclodextrin Conjugate as an NF-κB siRNA Carrier
for the Treatment of Fulminant Hepatitis
Molecular PharmaceuticsDOI: 10.1021/mp500814f
Source: Molecular Pharmaceutics - August 20, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Keiichi Motoyama, Ryosuke Mitsuyasu, Chiho Akao, Irhan Ibrahim Abu Hashim, Nana Sato, Takahiro Tanaka, Taishi Higashi and Hidetoshi Arima Source Type: research
Abstract 814: Truncated HBx-dependent silencing of growth arrest-specific 2 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis through inhibition of p53-mediated apoptosis
In conclusion, our integrated study uncovered a novel viral mechanism in hepatocarcinogenesis, wherein HBxΔ35 ablates p53-driven apoptosis via direct silencing of GAS2, and thereby provides survival advantage for pre-neoplastic hepatocytes to facilitate cancer development.Citation Format: Alfred S. L. Cheng, Ranxu Zhu, Myth T.S. Mok, Wai Kang, Ka-Fai To, Joseph J.Y. Sung, Henry L.Y. Chan. Truncated HBx-dependent silencing of growth arrest-specific 2 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis through inhibition of p53-mediated apoptosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Rese...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cheng, A. S. L., Zhu, R., Mok, M. T. S., Kang, W., To, K.-F., Sung, J. J. Y., Chan, H. L. Y. Tags: Carcinogenesis Source Type: research
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Biliary Epithelial Cell NRas Activation Requires Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)
by Christy E. Trussoni, James H. Tabibian, Patrick L. Splinter, Steven P. O’Hara
Cholangiocytes (biliary epithelial cells) actively participate in microbe-induced proinflammatory responses in the liver and contribute to inflammatory and infectious cholangiopathies. We previously demonstrated that cholangiocyte TLR-dependent NRas activation contributes to proinflammatory/ proliferative responses. We test the hypothesis that LPS-induced activation of NRas requires the EGFR. SV40-transformed human cholangiocytes (H69 cells), or low passage normal human cholangiocytes (NHC), were treated with LPS in the presence or absence ...
Source: PLoS One - April 27, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Christy E. Trussoni et al. Source Type: research
Decreased STAT4 indicates poor prognosis and enhanced cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma.
CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that STAT4 may inhibit HCC development by modulating HCC cell proliferation.
PMID: 25852285 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - April 7, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Wang G, Chen JH, Qiang Y, Wang DZ, Chen Z Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research
Targeting Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase by a Simple siRNA Expression Cassette in HepG2 Cells
Conclusions: Our developed simple SEC was a powerful strategy for screening highly effective RNAi-targeted sequences and showed promise for gene therapy of HCC.
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - March 30, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
HDVDB: a data warehouse for hepatitis delta virus.
Abstract
Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) is an RNA virus and causes delta hepatitis in humans. Although a lot of data is available for HDV, but retrieval of information is a complicated task. Current web database 'HDVDB' provides a comprehensive web-resource for HDV. The database is basically concerned with basic information about HDV and disease caused by this virus, genome structure, pathogenesis, epidemiology, symptoms and prevention, etc. Database also supplies sequence data and bibliographic information about HDV. A tool 'siHDV Predict' to design the effective siRNA molecule to control the activity of HDV, is als...
Source: International Journal of Bioinformatics Research and Applications - March 21, 2015 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Singh S, Gupta SK, Nischal A, Pant KK, Seth PK Tags: Int J Bioinform Res Appl Source Type: research
Antiviral and Immunoregulatory Effects of Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase in Hepatitis C Virus Infection
In patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, enhanced activity of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO) has been reported. IDO - a tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme - has been considered as both an innate defence mechanism and an important regulator of the immune response. The molecular mechanism of IDO induction in HCV infection and its role in the antiviral immune response remain unknown. Using primary human hepatocytes, we show that HCV infection stimulates IDO expression. IDO gene induction was transient and coincided with the expression of types I and III interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes in HCV-infected h...
Source: Journal of Innate Immunity - March 19, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Novel Robust in Vitro Hepatitis B Virus Infection Model Using Fresh Human Hepatocytes Isolated from Humanized Mice.
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the hepatitis B virus (HBV) life cycle are poorly understood because of the lack of appropriate in vitro infection models. Herein, we report a highly effective in vitro HBV infection system using fresh human hepatocytes (HHs) isolated from chimeric mice with humanized livers. After the inoculation of sera collected from HBV-infected chimeric mice or patients to HHs, we measured levels of HBV DNA, mRNA, covalently closed circular DNA, and viral protein expression in HHs. We investigated the neutralization activity of hepatitis B immune globulin and the effects of siRNA...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - March 17, 2015 Category: Pathology Authors: Ishida Y, Yamasaki C, Yanagi A, Yoshizane Y, Fujikawa K, Watashi K, Abe H, Wakita T, Hayes CN, Chayama K, Tateno C Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles modified by branched polyethylenimine are effective non-viral vectors for siRNA transfection of hepatoma cells in vitro.
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology is a powerful tool in biomedical research and holds great potential for RNA interference-based therapies for HIV, hepatitis and cancer. However, the absence of a safe and efficient method for the delivery of siRNA has become a bottleneck for their development. Nanocrystallized hydroxyapatite (nHAP) appears to be an optimal candidate non-viral gene vector for several reasons, including its good biocompatibility and ease of production, however, nHAP microemulsions cannot remain monodispersed for long periods of time. Due to their high surface energy, nHAP particles g...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - March 5, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xu XL, Yang HY, Ou B, Lin SD, Wu H, He W, Jiang QC, Luo BM, Li GP Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research
Hepatitis B virus X protein induces expression of alpha-fetoprotein and activates PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway in liver cells.
In this study, we investigated the regulatory impact of AFP expression on HBx-mediated malignant transformation of human hepatocytes. We found that HBV induced the expression of AFP before that of oncogenes, e.g., Src, Ras and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4), and AFP activated protein kinase B (AKT) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in HBV-related HCC tissues and in human liver cells transfected with HBx. Cytoplasmic AFP interacted with and inhibited phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway and promoting mTOR-...
Source: Oncotarget - February 18, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research
Interferon alpha (IFNα)-induced TRIM22 interrupts HCV replication by ubiquitinating NS5A.
Abstract
TRIM22, a tripartite-motif (TRIM) protein, is upregulated upon interferon alpha (IFNα) administration to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. However, the physiological role of TRIM22 upregulation remains unclear. Here, we describe a potential antiviral function of TRIM22's targeting of the HCV NS5A protein. NS5A is important for HCV replication and for resistance to IFNα therapy. During the first 24 h following the initiation of IFNα treatment, upregulation of TRIM22 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HCV patients correlated with a decrease in viral titer. This phenomenon was ...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - February 16, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yang C, Zhao X, Sun D, Yang L, Chong C, Pan Y, Chi X, Gao Y, Wang M, Shi X, Sun H, Lv J, Gao Y, Zhong J, Niu J, Sun B Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: research
Emerging roles of interferon-stimulated genes in the innate immune response to hepatitis C virus infection.
Abstract
Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major viral cause of chronic liver disease, frequently progresses to steatosis and cirrhosis, which can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV infection strongly induces host responses, such as the activation of the unfolded protein response, autophagy and the innate immune response. Upon HCV infection, the host induces the interferon (IFN)-mediated frontline defense to limit virus replication. Conversely, HCV employs diverse strategies to escape host innate immune surveillance. Type I IFN elicits its antiviral actions by inducing a wide array of IFN-stimulated gen...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - December 29, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wong M, Chen SS Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: research
Involvement of ERK pathway in interferon alpha-mediated antiviral activity against hepatitis C virus.
Abstract
Interferon alpha (IFN-α) is the key component of the therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. IFN-α exerts anti-HCV activity by targeting certain signaling pathways. Using infectious HCV culture system in human hepatoma Huh7.5.1 cells, we analyzed functional relevance of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway for IFN-α-mediated anti-HCV activity. IFN-α treatment resulted in activation of ERK pathway by increasing phosphorylation of c-Raf, MEK, and ERK1/2 in Huh7.5.1 cells, whereas HCV impaired such activation. IFN-α-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation was blocked by MEK inhibitor U012...
Source: Cytokine - December 23, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zhao L, Wang W, Wang W, Ren H, Qi Z Tags: Cytokine Source Type: research
The role of Moloney leukemia virus 10 in hepatitis B virus expression in hepatoma cells.
In this study, Mov10 was demonstrated to affect HBV expression in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cell lines. The data showed that the over-expression of exogenous Mov10 resulted in an increase of the HBsAg and HBeAg levels in the culture supernatant and HBV mRNA level in transfected cells at a low dose and resulted in a decrease at a high dose, but HBV DNA in culture supernatant was not affected. The knockdown of endogenous Mov10 expression through siRNA treatment could suppress levels of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV mRNA, but had no effect on HBV DNA. Above results indicate that an appropriate level of exogenous Mov10 is responsible for HB...
Source: Virus Research - December 19, 2014 Category: Virology Authors: Ma Y, Li D, Fu L, Fu B, Chen S, Xu W, Teng X, Song Z, Gu H Tags: Virus Res Source Type: research
The effect of CXCL9 on the invasion ability of hepatocellular carcinoma through up-regulation of PREX2
In this study, human HCC as well as adjacent noncancerous tissues, together with three kinds of liver cancer cell lines were investigated to clarify the possible involvement of CXCL9 in the regulation of HCC invasion and metastasis. Invasion ability of liver cancer cells were evaluated by transwell assays and it is enhanced after co-cultured with recombined human CXCL9 (rhCXCL9). As a trigger of Rac GTPase signaling after G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) activated by CXCL9, Phosphatidylinositol-3, 4, 5-trisphosphate RAC Exchanger 2 (PREX2) mRNA expression of the liver cancer cell lines was elevated after co-cultured with...
Source: Journal of Molecular Histology - November 20, 2014 Category: Laboratory Medicine Source Type: research
